Deck 8: Joints of the Skeletal System

Question 1

A gomphosis is a ______ joint.

A)fibrous
B)cartilagenous
C)synovial
D)synchondrosis

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Fluid-filled sacs containing synovial fluid are called

A)bursae.
B)menisci.
C)ligaments.
D)tendons.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Joints

A)bind bones.
B)allow bones to grow.
C)enable body parts to move.
D)all of the above.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Greg trips over a toy and experiences a sharp pain.His physician diagnosis a torn meniscus.Greg has injured his

A)knee joint.
B)elbow joint.
C)shoulder joint.
D)hip joint.

Question 5

A joint capsule is reinforced by

A)tendons binding articular ends of bones together.
B)articular cartilage cushioning ends of bones.
C)ligaments binding articular ends of bones together.
D)hyaline cartilage providing strength to the capsule walls.

Question 6

Types of fibrous joints include

A)synarthrotic,amphiarthrotic,and diarthrotic joints.
B)syndesmosis,suture,and gomphosis joints.
C)synchondrosis,symphysis,and synovial joints.
D)pivot,condylar,and ellipsoidal joints.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a synovial joint?

A)Condylar
B)Ball-and-socket
C)Hinge
D)Symphysis

Question 8

A synovial membrane

A)is very thick with many layers of cells.
B)secretes serous fluid.
C)secretes mucus.
D)secretes synovial fluiD.

Question 9

Articular cartilage receives oxygen and nutrients from

A)a direct blood supply.
B)blood vessels in underlying spongy bone.
C)surrounding synovial fluid.
D)chondrocytes.

Question 10

Classifying joints as synarthrotic,amphiarthrotic,or diarthrotic represents

A)location in the body.
B)the composition of the joint.
C)the number of bones that the joint affects.
D)the degree of movement possible at the joint.

Question 11

The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies is a

A)symphysis that is amphiarthrotic.
B)symphysis that is synarthrotic.
C)symphysis that is diarthrotiC.
D)synovial that is synarthrotic.

Question 12

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by

A)a synovial membrane.
B)a joint capsule.
C)a meniscus.
D)articular cartilage.

Question 13

Joints are also called

A)annotations.
B)articulations.
C)affectations.
D)affiliations.

Question 14

A tooth root attached to a jawbone by a periodontal ligament is a _____ .

A)synchondrosis
B)syndesmosis
C)gomphosis
D)synovial joint

Question 15

A fibrous joint in which an interosseous ligament binds bones is a

A)suture.
B)syndesmosis.
C)gomphosis.
D)symphysis.

Question 16

Fibrocartilage discs that divide the joint into two compartments are called

A)menisci.
B)bursae.
C)tendons.
D)ligaments.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous joint?

A)Syndesmosis
B)Coronal suture
C)Gomphosis
D)Symphysis

Question 18

A suture is an example of a(n)

A)fibrous joint.
B)cartilagenous joint.
C)synovial joint.
D)plane joint.

Question 19

Cartilagenous joints are connected by

A)synovial fluid.
B)fibrous connective tissue.
C)hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
D)a joint capsule.

Question 20

A synchondrosis

A)allows bone growth.
B)equalizes pressure between vertebrae.
C)includes a joint capsule.
D)allows free movement.

Question 21

Disuse of the joints ____________ which hastens stiffening.

A)causes arthritis
B)causes injuries
C)hampers blood flow
D)degenerates cartilage

Question 22

Which of the following is an infection?

A)Osteoarthritis
B)A sprain
C)Bursitis
D)Lyme disease

Question 23

Movements permitted by the elbow joint between the humerus and the ulna are

A)adduction,flexion,and extension.
B)movement in any plane.
C)flexion and extension.
D)rotation and circumduction.

Question 24

Movement that brings the foot farther from the shin is a(n)

A)plantar flexion.
B)hyperextension.
C)rotation.
D)dorsiflexion.

Question 25

The coracohumeral ligament is associated with the

A)knee joint.
B)hip joint.
C)elbow joint.
D)shoulder joint.

Question 26

A movement that brings the foot closer to the shin is a(n)

A)extension.
B)abduction.
C)plantar flexion.
D)dorsiflexion.

Question 27

The radial collateral ligament is associated with the

A)hip joint.
B)shoulder joint.
C)knee joint.
D)elbow joint.

Question 28

Artificial joints are built of

A)glucosamine and chondroitin.
B)silicone polymers for small joints and metals for large joints.
C)silicone polymers for large joints and metals for small joints.
D)proteins for small joints and carbohydrates for large joints.

Question 29

The hip joint has less freedom of movement than the shoulder joint because

A)the joint capsule of the hip is surrounded by muscles and the shoulder is not.
B)the articulating parts of the hip are closer than those of the shoulder.
C)the hip joint capsule is less elastic than the shoulder.
D)the hip has more supportive ligaments than the shoulder.

Question 30

The largest and most complex synovial joint is the

A)hip joint.
B)knee joint.
C)elbow joint.
D)shoulder joint.

Question 31

Activity and exercise

A)make joints more vulnerable to injury.
B)hasten osteoarthritis.
C)keep joints functional longer.
D)increase joint stiffness.

Question 32

A muscle end attached to a less movable or relatively fixed part is called the

A)symphysis.
B)articulation.
C)origin.
D)insertion.

Question 33

Glucosamine and chondroitin are

A)dietary supplements from fish skeletons.
B)proteins found in joints that are taken as dietary supplements.
C)dietary supplements from shells and cow cartilage.
D)dietary supplements from human cadavers.

Question 34

In which of the following is rotational movement possible?

A)Ball-and-socket joint
B)Condylar joint
C)Hinge joint
D)Pelvic joint

Question 35

Connie recently celebrated her 45^th birthday.She feels okay most of the day,but in the morning,for about a half hour after she gets out of bed,all of her joints feel stiff.This is due to

A)sprains.
B)torn ligaments.
C)changes in collagen structure.
D)nerve damage.

Question 36

Which of the following terms and descriptions is correctly paired?

A)Extension-bending the leg at the knee or decreasing the angle between the upper and lower leg
B)Abduction-lifting the arm horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline
C)Flexion-straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them is increased
D)Adduction-moving a part in a circle or returning the arm from the horizontal position to the front of the body

Question 37

Most of the joints in the ankle and wrist are

A)hinge joints.
B)pivot joints.
C)plane joints.
D)condylar joints.

Question 38

Displacement of a joint is called

A)bursitis.
B)sprain.
C)dislocation.
D)arthritis.

Question 39

The rotator cuff of the shoulder is composed mainly of

A)adipose and epithelial tissue.
B)articular cartilage.
C)epithelium and loose connective tissue.
D)tendons and fibrous connective tissue.

Question 40

Which of the following movements could occur at the hip joint?

A)Abduction and adduction
B)Rotation
C)Flexion and extension
D)All of the above

Question 41

Synovial fluid moistens and lubricates the cartilaginous surfaces in a joint.

Question 42

In rheumatoid arthritis

A)the synovial membrane becomes inflamed and thickens,forming a mass.
B)articular cartilage is damaged and fibrous tissue invades.
C)fibrous tissues ossify and bones fuse.
D)all of the above.

Question 43

The type of synovial joint in which only rotation may occur is a pivot joint.

Question 44

The symphysis pubis is a fibrous joint.

Question 45

The fibrous joints between the flat bones of the skull are sutures.

Question 46

A meniscus cushions articulating surfaces of bones.

Question 47

In a push-up,the elbow joint flexes as the person lowers.

Question 48

A saddle joint forms between bones whose articulating surfaces have both convex and concave regions.

Question 49

A synchondrosis is a cartilaginous joint.

Question 50

Closed,fluid-filled sacs that function as cushions are called bursae.

Question 51

Kicking a soccer ball is flexion of the leg at the knee joint as the foot draws back and then extension as it contacts the ball.

Question 52

Ossification typically completes after age 40.

Question 53

Which of the following best describes the causes of common forms of arthritis?

A)Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are autoimmune diseases.
B)Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are caused by effects of aging.
C)Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease and osteoarthritis is caused by effects of aging.
D)Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by effects of aging and osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease.

Question 54

A ball-and-socket joint is also called an ellipsoidal joint.

Question 55

A sprain involves

A)inflammation of bursae.
B)overstretched or torn ligaments and tendons in a joint.
C)dislocation of bones in joint.
D)overuse of a joint.

Question 56

Rotation of the forearms so the palms face upward is called pronation.

Question 57

The synovial membrane reabsorbs fluid and may help remove substances from an infected joint cavity.

Question 58

A condylar joint allows only up-and-down motion in one plane.

Question 59

The hip joint allows a greater freedom of movement than the shoulder joint.

Question 60

Moving a part away from the midline is abduction.

Question 61

A yoga move in which a foot is grasped and the lower limb brought upwards so the foot touches the buttock is an example of ______.

Question 62

A _______ is a joint formed where a bony socket meets a cone-shaped bony process.

Question 63

A _____ joint is found between a metacarpal and its adjacent phalanx.

Question 64

The patellar ligament connects the medial condyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia.

Question 65

A shiny,vascular lining of loose connective tissue that forms the inner layer of the joint capsule is the _______ membrane.

Question 66

Movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin is ________.

Question 67

A joint with articulating surfaces that are nearly flat is a ______ ______.

Question 68

Osteoarthritis is caused by a bacterial infection.

Question 69

Most joints of the skeletal system are _________.

Question 70

The elbow joint includes a hinge joint.

Question 71

________ joints are held together by collagen-rich dense connective tissue.

Question 72

The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint.

Question 73

Fibrous joints are the first to change with age.

Question 74

Thrusting the head forward to contact an incoming soccer ball is an example of _________.

Question 75

Joint capsules may be reinforced by bundles of strong,tough collagenous fibers called ______.

Question 76

Fluid-filled sacs associated with synovial joints are _______.

Question 77

Arthritis is a circulatory problem.

Question 78

A __________ joins the fibula and tibia.

Question 79

Limited movement occurs when forces compress the cartilaginous pad between bones at a _______________ .

Question 80

The basic structure of the knee joint permits flexion and extension.