Deck 7: Collecting Qualitative Data

Question 1

Which of the following is a typical field issue that interviewers may encounter in qualitative research?

A)Learning how to funnel from broad issues to narrow ones
B)Establishing the correct codes
C)Encouraging all participants to talk in a group interview
D)Interpreting the participants' responses

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Under what circumstances would a qualitative researcher engage in sampling after a study begins?

A)The qualitative research questions change.
B)The study begins to lose participants who drop out.
C)The researcher asks participants to recommend others.
D)The researcher decides to develop a theory.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

From the following list,select the most important item to include on an interview protocol.

A)Questions to gather participant demographics
B)Possible probes associated with each question
C)Prompts to record fieldnotes
D)At least two numeric items

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Ethical issues often arise in collecting qualitative data.Which one of the following situations may raise an ethical issue in qualitative research?

A)Participants may disclose sensitive information during interviews.
B)Participants may talk openly about their indigenous culture.
C)Participants may sign a waiver providing information to the researcher.
D)Participants may withhold important information during an interview.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a "gatekeeper" in qualitative research?

A)The individual who maintains access to the institutional review board
B)The individual who helps inform the researcher about the research site
C)The individual who helps locate people and provides entrance to the site
D)The individual who needs to give permission to conduct for the study

Question 6

What are the advantages of using focus groups in qualitative research?

A)Interaction yields useful information.
B)They are easier to transcribe than interviews.
C)They tend to be easier for the researcher to take notes.
D)They typically consist of four to six individuals.

Question 7

You plan to study and observe an adult literacy classroom at a local community college.What approach to observation would you probably first use when you go into the classroom?

A)You would have someone announce your presence.
B)You would sit quietly at the back of the room and observe.
C)You would develop rapport with individuals in the room.
D)You would write your name on the board to introduce yourself.

Question 8

You are recording information on your observational protocol.What type of notes would you record on this protocol?

A)Participant fieldnotes
B)Reflective fieldnotes
C)Observational fieldnotes
D)Audio fieldnotes

Question 9

Which one of the following provides a good reason for why qualitative researchers select only a few participants?

A)The number of people available is typically small.
B)With each additional participant,less depth is possible.
C)The individuals who can answer the questions are few.
D)The researcher does not want to generalize findings.

Question 10

Which of the following is the best example of a document collected by qualitative researchers?

A)A quality rating scale
B)A set of scores on a standardized test
C)A grade card of a student
D)A journal of experiences

Question 11

One of the greatest disadvantages of conducing telephone interviews is that

A)the researcher will not be able to record the interview.
B)the researcher will not have probes in the protocol.
C)the researcher may not be able to understand the interviewee's perceptions as well.
D)the researcher may have difficulty taking notes during the interview.

Question 12

What a disadvantage of using interviews in qualitative research?

A)You cannot measures the variables.
B)You cannot record ice-breakers in the conversation.
C)The researcher hears what the interviewer wants to hear.
D)The data are filtered through the researcher's lens.

Question 13

In your research study,you shadow or follow around a principal for a day.You sit in his office,you go with him to several classes,you go out to lunch with him,and you listen while he talks with parents,teachers,and students in the school.What form of observation are you engaged in?

A)A changing observational role
B)A "day-in-life" observational role
C)A participant observational role
D)An external observer observational role

Question 14

What type of ethical issues does collecting e-mail messages introduce in qualitative research?

A)Whether individuals will respond to your message
B)Whether you have permission to use their message
C)Whether their message is an accurate statement
D)Whether your message promotes a conversation

Question 15

Which one of the following is the best reason why a qualitative proposal submitted to the institutional review board requires a more detailed description of procedures than a quantitative proposal?

A)The board's familiarity with qualitative approaches
B)The attitudes of institutional review board members
C)The length of the qualitative proposal
D)The amount of time required for qualitative research

Question 16

List two of the steps when collecting audio-visual material in qualitative research.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a clarifying probe?
A)"Tell me more."

A)"Could you explain that idea?"
B)"What definition are you using?"
B)"You need to make more sense."

Question 18

"Field notes" written by a researcher during a senior high school assembly are an example of what form of qualitative data?

A)Notes taken at school
B)Field experiences of the researcher
C)Observational notes
D)Material recorded by hand

Question 19

A researcher decides to study one individual,a painter,who has distinguished herself for painting about children on the playground.What form of qualitative purposeful sampling would this represent?

A)Extreme case sampling
B)Distinctive case sampling
C)Concept sampling
D)Critical case sampling

Question 20

What is the purpose of an interview or an observational protocol in qualitative research?

A)It helps determine the appropriate procedure.
B)It forms the basis for conducting data collection.
C)It provides a form for the researcher to take notes.
D)It offers an international process for researchers.

Question 21

Indicate the situation in which you might engage in this observational practice in qualitative research.

Question 22

Below are two forms of sampling:
a.Individuals are selected so that the researcher can generalize to the population ________
b.Individuals are selected so that the researcher can develop a detailed understanding ________
c.Individuals are selected to be representative of a population ________
d.Individuals are selected so that the researcher can best understand a phenomenon ________

Question 23

Describe what "changing observational roles" means.Second,indicate the situation in which you might engage in this observational practice in qualitative research.

Question 24

Which of the following points is most important when conducting qualitative interviews?

A)Take good field notes.
B)Find an open site for the interview.
C)Audio-record the questions and responses.
D)Obtain consent when the research is completed.

Question 25

A researcher shares her own struggles with "skipping school" as she interviews an at-risk high school student.What ethical issue is involved in this situation? Please explain.