Deck 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors

Question 1

The health benefits of regular exercise include

A)increased resting heart rate.
B)reduced HDL.
C)increased metabolic syndrome.
D)reduced risk of some cancers.

Answer 1

reduced risk of some cancers.

Question 2

Mary is turning 50,and she does not think she is at risk for breast cancer.What would you suggest?

A)Mary does not need a mammogram.
B)Mary should get a mammogram every year.
C)It is unclear what Mary should do.
D)Mary should wait until she is 55 to get a mammogram.

Answer 2

Mary should get a mammogram every year.

Question 3

Which of the following is most likely to be an aerobic exercise?

A)trust walking
B)rope climbing
C)tai-Chi
D)meditation

Answer 3

trust walking

Question 4

Softechture Inc. ,a software company,has organized a workshop for its employees to promote the values of exercise,physical health,and psychological well-being.This kind of a workshop is an example of _____ intervention.

A)worksite
B)family-based
C)dietary
D)psychological

Question 5

Exercise is especially beneficial for executive performance,which is a part of planning and higher-order reasoning,because exercise

A)improves the sense of self-efficacy.
B)improves emotional well-being.
C)increases resting heart rate.
D)increases cognitive functioning.

Question 6

Exercise interventions that are designed to increase and maintain physical activity are more likely to be successful if they are matched to an individual's

A)mental age.
B)stage of readiness.
C)financial status.
D)perception of self.

Question 7

Individuals are more likely to exercise if

A)they belong to families in which exercise is rarely practiced.
B)they perceive themselves as lethargic.
C)they do not have social support or people to take responsibility for their health.
D)they have a strong self-efficacy for exercising.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true of the U.S.population in recent decades?

A)The aging population is not as healthy as past generations.
B)The number of chronically ill patients who exercise regularly has increased.
C)The number of healthy adults who exercise regularly has decreased.
D)The average life expectancy of the population has decreased.

Question 9

A typical exercise prescription for a normal adult is _____ or more minutes of moderate-intensity activity on most days of the week or _____ minutes or more of vigorous-intensity activity at least three days a week.

A)15;30
B)20;15
C)30;20
D)45;60

Question 10

Screening through mammography is important for high-risk women because

A)the majority of breast cancers are detected in women over age
40)
B)one in every three women in the United States develops breast cancer.
C)the x-rays used in mammography help arrest the growth of breast cancer.
D)experimental medication for breast cancer works better in women over the age of
50)

Question 11

_____ can foster exercise.

A)Social support
B)Hypertension
C)Painkillers
D)Sedentary work

Question 12

Which of the following represents one of the major causes of preventable death in the United States?

A)accidents
B)insomnia
C)genetic diseases
D)ageing

Question 13

Interventions to reduce home accidents are typically conducted with parents because

A)they are more knowledgeable about the most common hazards in their home.
B)young children may not be able to learn about safety at home.
C)evaluations have shown that parents lack knowledge required to safeguard their children.
D)they have control over the child's environment.

Question 14

People who live in low socioeconomic status neighborhoods find it difficult to exercise because they

A)lack time.
B)are already engaged in other activities.
C)are socially isolated.
D)lack safe places to exercise.

Question 15

Who among the following people is least likely to exercise regularly?

A)Joe,a 10-year-old boy
B)Jill,a 15-year-old girl
C)Jack,a 35-year-old man
D)Juana,a 45-year-old woman

Question 16

Researchers investigating the effects of aerobic exercise on psychological functioning believe that

A)regular exercise improves physical health,mood,and general well-being.
B)women who exercise regularly will never face symptoms of depression.
C)the positive effect of exercise on mood is unrelated to increased self-efficacy.
D)modest exercise or increase in activity level is not enough to benefit cognitive functioning.

Question 17

Which of the following is a benefit of conducting an employee fitness program?

A)It decreases costs for the company.
B)It increases employee turnover.
C)It decreases time spent on the job.
D)It increases job satisfaction.

Question 18

People who are _____ are more likely to exercise.

A)workaholics
B)unsociable
C)sedentary
D)extroverted

Question 19

Aerobic exercise involves _____ activities.

A)low-intensity and long-duration
B)low-intensity and short-duration
C)high-intensity and long-duration
D)high-intensity and short-duration

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of regular exercise?

A)Improving environmental options increases rates of exercise.
B)Most people feel uncomfortable exercising with people from their social network.
C)Adolescents are more likely to exercise regularly than young children.
D)Accessible exercise settings do not particularly affect the rates of exercise.

Question 21

The typical reason that people switch to a diet low in cholesterol is to

A)maintain weight.
B)reduce risk of obesity.
C)improve health.
D)improve appearance.

Question 22

Which of the following is true of interventions to modify diet?

A)Nudging people in the right direction through subtle messages is likely to work better than explicit warnings.
B)Social engineering is not likely to reduce the consumption of unhealthy foods in schools.
C)Children who are involved in dietary interventions are more likely to rebel in adolescence and adopt unhealthy food habits.
D)Dietary inventions with high-risk people appear to work better if their immediate family,especially children,are not involved.

Question 23

Children who are involved in dietary interventions are more likely to

A)practice better dietary habits in adulthood.
B)have a better physique compared to other children.
C)encourage their friends to follow diet plans.
D)become vegetarians in adulthood.

Question 24

The chief risk factor for skin cancer is known to be

A)age.
B)obesity.
C)ultraviolet radiation.
D)melanin.

Question 25

The most powerful determinant of what a family eats is

A)the husband's food preferences.
B)the wife's food preferences.
C)the children's food preferences.
D)the children's health considerations.

Question 26

Which of the following is a common reason that deters women from getting regular mammograms?

A)fear of radiation
B)distance from health care facilities
C)lack of equipment in hospitals
D)fear of looking older

Question 27

When people are under stress,they are more likely to

A)let others monitor their food consumption.
B)pay attention to what they eat.
C)be self-controlled.
D)be distracted.

Question 28

In the context of diet,which of the following is true of people under stress?

A)They tend to eat more fruits and vegetables.
B)They are less likely to snack on fatty food as they lose interest in food.
C)They focus on what they are eating as a way to combat stress.
D)They are more likely to skip breakfast.

Question 29

Dietary interventions may be particularly successful if

A)they guarantee weight loss.
B)they are culturally and linguistically appropriate.
C)they do not include too much of physical activity.
D)they do not include the family or community.

Question 30

Which of the following techniques is used in cognitive-behavioral interventions to modify diet?

A)contingency contracting
B)guided imagery
C)guided participation
D)sensitization

Question 31

Which of the following dietary changes has greatly contributed to obesity over the past decade in the United States?

A)increased number of meals with family
B)increased portion sizes
C)increased consumption of seafood
D)increased consumption of fruits

Question 32

Communications to adolescents and young adults regarding the use of sunscreen should emphasize

A)negative effects of using excessive sunscreen lotion.
B)long-term risks of chronic illness.
C)immediate adverse effects of sun exposure.
D)advantages of using a tanning salon as compared to sun exposure.

Question 33

Individuals who are _____ do a better job of adhering to a healthy diet.

A)emotional
B)lean
C)overweight
D)intelligent

Question 34

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM)sleep consists of _____ stages.

A)nine
B)seven
C)two
D)four

Question 35

Which of the following is a similarity between breast cancer and colorectal cancer?

A)Both are more common among Hispanics.
B)Both are a common cause of death in young adults.
C)Both have a high likelihood of survival.
D)Both require routine screening in older adults.

Question 36

Most diet changes are implemented through

A)social network interventions.
B)photo-ageing interventions.
C)cognitive-behavioral interventions.
D)telephone-based interventions.

Question 37

Which of the following food items are most likely to contain saturated fats?

A)meat and dairy products
B)fried foods
C)fruits and vegetables
D)fish and nuts

Question 38

Training in _____ includes planning skills and formation of explicit behavioral intentions,which can improve dietary adherence.

A)self-regulation
B)self-affirmation
C)self-efficacy
D)self-validation

Question 39

_____ is an effective way to alter behavior related to diet and exercise.

A)Sensitization
B)Social engineering
C)Social networking
D)Private education

Question 40

Recently,the efforts to change the dietary habits of high-risk people have focused on the

A)environment.
B)community.
C)family.
D)peer group.

Question 41

Roy was an interstate truck driver.He had been driving for the past 12 years,and most of his trips were between 11:00 p.m.and 7:00 a.m.Roy used to take irregular naps during the day,and he also made time for other personal activities.However,over time,he felt fatigued and decided to quit.After years of driving during the night and sleeping for a few hours during the day,Roy is having trouble sleeping at night.Which of the following is a likely cause for Roy's condition?

A)Alzheimer's
B)stress
C)reduced blood pressure
D)chronic insomnia

Question 42

A person with low cardiopulmonary fitness needs more exercise in a week than a normal adult does to derive any benefit from exercise.

Question 43

_____ in women may be tied to hormonal levels related to menopause.

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Bulimia nervosa
C)Speech disorders
D)Sleep disorders

Question 44

The lightest and earliest stage of sleep is marked by

A)vivid dreams.
B)delta waves.
C)body temperature.
D)theta waves.

Question 45

Chronic insomnia can compromise the ability to secrete and respond to

A)amino acids.
B)collagen.
C)insulin.
D)potassium.

Question 46

_____ is a symptom of psychopathology commonly found among long sleepers.

A)Insomnia
B)Chronic worrying
C)Sleep deprivation
D)Snoring

Question 47

Which of the following treatments is likely to succeed in treating insomnia?

A)skipping dinner or eating very little before sleeping
B)lighting an incense or a fragrant candle in the room at night
C)developing nightly rituals,such as taking a shower before sleeping
D)reading in bed

Question 48

Deep sleep,which is important for restoring energy,strengthening the immune system,and prompting the body to release growth hormone,is marked by _____ waves.

A)beta
B)delta
C)theta
D)K-complex

Question 49

People who engage in regular,vigorous exercise may reduce their risk of some cancers.

Question 50

People who drop out of exercise programs do so within the first three to six months.

Question 51

Children who do not get enough sleep usually display

A)behavioral problems.
B)weight fluctuations.
C)withdrawn attitudes.
D)low intelligence.

Question 52

Participating in enjoyable leisure time activities,such as socializing or spending time in nature,is related to

A)reduced physical functioning.
B)increased blood pressure.
C)lower levels of cortisol.
D)higher risk of weight gain.

Question 53

Insomnia is more common among people who

A)blunt the impact of stressful events by distracting themselves.
B)deal with stressful events by ruminating or focusing on them.
C)engage in a few restorative activities.
D)avoid caffeine in the afternoon.

Question 54

During rapid eye movement (REM)sleep,eyes dart back and forth and breathing and heart rates flutter.This stage of sleep is marked by

A)K-complex waves.
B)delta waves.
C)theta waves.
D)beta waves.

Question 55

The stage of sleep marked by beta waves is important for

A)breathing.
B)restoring energy.
C)releasing growth hormones.
D)consolidating memories.

Question 56

Social engineering is more effective than community-wide health education programs for increasing seat belt usage and infant restraint devices.

Question 57

Which of the following best describes a restorative activity?

A)exercising regularly and being more productive at work
B)dealing with a disability using coping mechanisms
C)savoring the positive aspects of life and regaining emotional balance
D)bringing the body back to a normal state of functioning after an accident

Question 58

Jane is not satisfied with her job;she is depressed and dependent on alcohol.Recently,Jane has been experiencing sleep disturbances and is unable to cope with stressful events.Jane is most likely suffering from

A)amenorrhea.
B)bulimia.
C)anorexia.
D)insomnia.

Question 59

Which of the following is a behavioral intervention undertaken for the treatment of insomnia?

A)conversion therapy
B)hormone therapy
C)immune therapy
D)relaxation therapy

Question 60

The practice of regular exercise declines substantially when girls reach adolescence.

Question 61

Who are more likely to exercise regularly?

Question 62

Imagine that a program needs to be administered through the county health department designed to increase the frequency of mammograms among community residents.What kind of techniques would increase the likelihood of obtaining regular mammograms?

Question 63

Women from low-income groups are more likely to receive regular mammograms.

Question 64

Mediterranean diets are rich in red meat and low in vegetables,nuts,fruits,and fish.

Question 65

How does sleep correlate with health?

Question 66

Discuss the ways to effectively communicate the importance of sun safety practices to adolescents and young adults.

Question 67

People who have high levels of hostility or arousal have poor sleep quality.

Question 68

Rates of adherence to a new diet are likely to be low at first but improve over time.

Question 69

Satisfaction with leisure activities can improve cognitive functioning among the elderly.

Question 70

Explain the physical and psychological benefits of exercise.

Question 71

People who deal with stressful events by blunting their impact or distracting themselves are more prone to insomnia than people who deal with them by ruminating or focusing on them.