Deck 22: Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Question 1

Consider the following xenon compounds: (i)XeF₂ (ii)XeF₄ (iii)XeO₄ (iv)XeOF₄ (v)XeO₃
Which of the compounds is(are)polar?

A)(i)only
B)(ii)and (iii)
C)(iv)only
D)(iii)and (iv)
E)(iv)and (v)

Answer 1

(iv)and (v)

Question 2

Of the atoms below, __________ is the most effective in forming π bonds.

A)C
B)P
C)N
D)Si
E)Ge

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the primary commercial use of hydrogen in the United States?

A)as a rocket fuel, especially on the space shuttle
B)hydrogenation of vegetable oils
C)manufacture of methanol
D)manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process
E)as an automobile fuel

Answer 3

manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process

Question 4

Of the following, the most nonmetallic element is __________.

A)carbon
B)selenium
C)iodine
D)fluorine
E)phosphorus

Question 5

What is the F-Xe-F bond angle in XeF₂?

A)90°
B)109°
C)180°
D)120°
E)60°

Question 6

Isotopes of hydrogen

A)have the same atomic number and different mass numbers.
B)have the same atomic number and the same mass number.
C)have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers.
D)have different atomic numbers and the same mass number.
E)are exactly alike.

Question 7

How many oxygen atoms are bonded to each silicon atom in SiO₂?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)none

Question 8

Which of the following would produce a basic solution?

A)CO and CO₂
B)Na₂O and MgO
C)Na₂O, MgO, and BeH₂
D)BeH₂ only
E)CO, CO₂, and BeH₂

Question 9

Which compound would produce a basic aqueous solution?

A)MgH₂
B)H₂S
C)HCl
D)HI
E)CH₃OH

Question 10

How are the oxygen-containing compounds of xenon made?

A)by direct combination of the elements
B)by reaction of xenon with peroxide
C)by thermal decomposition of the xenon hydroxide
D)by reaction of the corresponding xenon fluoride with water
E)Xenon is inert and does not form compounds with oxygen.

Question 11

Of the following, which is an ionic hydride?

A)BaH₂
B)LiH
C)CaH₂
D)SrH₂
E)all of the above

Question 12

Of the following compounds, which is the most stable?

A)XeF₆
B)XeOF₄
C)XeO₃
D)XeO₂F₂
E)XeF₂

Question 13

Which of the following is a molecular hydride?

A)CaH₂
B)TiH₂
C)NaH
D)SrH₂
E)CH₄

Question 14

What method is used to produce the most hydrogen gas in the United States?

A)electrolysis of water
B)reaction of zinc with acid
C)reaction of methane with steam
D)reaction of coke (carbon)with steam
E)reaction of metallic sodium with water

Question 15

Which of the following would produce an acidic solution?

A)Na₂O and MgO
B)Na₂O, MgO, and BeH₂
C)CO₂ only
D)BeH₂ only
E)CO, CO₂, and BeH₂

Question 16

The least electronegative of the elements below is __________.

A)I
B)Cl
C)H
D)F
E)Br

Question 17

In the following chemical equation Na₃P + 3H₂O →
The products (when the equation is balanced)are

A)H₂PO₃ + 3NaH
B)NaOH + 3PH
C)3NaH + POH₃
D)3NaO + PH₆
E)3NaOH + PH₃

Question 18

Water gas is ________.

A)H₂O and H₂
B)CO₂ and O₂
C)H₂O and CO₂
D)H₂O and CO
E)H₂ and CO

Question 19

Which one of the following is false concerning tritium?

A)It is radioactive, emitting alpha particles with a half-life of 12.3 yr.
B)It can be produced by neutron bombardment of lithium-6.
C)It is formed continuously in the upper atmosphere.
D)It has the same chemical properties as protium but reacts more slowly.
E)The atomic number of tritium is 1.

Question 20

Which compound would produce an acidic aqueous solution?

A)KH
B)CaH₂
C)H₂S
D)NH₃
E)H₂O

Question 21

Which halogen is the most easily oxidized?

A)F
B)Cl
C)Br
D)I

Question 22

Which equation correctly represents the reaction between elemental fluorine and sodium iodide?

A)F + NaI → I + NaF
B)F^- + NaI → I^- + NaF
C)F₂ + 2NaI → I₂ + 2NaF
D)F + NaI → 1/2I₂ + NaF
E)F₂ + NaI → NaF₂ + I^-

Question 23

Which of the following react with oxygen to form superoxides?

A)Ca
B)Na
C)K
D)Sr
E)Ba

Question 24

Which equation correctly represents the reaction between silica and hydrofluoric acid?

A)SiCl₄ + 4HF → SiF₄ + 4HCl
B)SiO₂ + 6HF → H₂SiF₆ + 2H₂O
C)SiCl₂ + 2HF → SiF₂ + 2HCl
D)SiH₄ + 4HF → SiF₄ + 4H₂
E)none of the above

Question 25

Nearly all commercial oxygen is obtained __________.

A)from air
B)by electrolysis of water
C)by thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate
D)by thermal cracking of petroleum
E)as a byproduct of the preparation of aluminum in the Hall process

Question 26

The oxidation state of fluorine in its compounds is

A)positive unless it combines with another halogen.
B)negative unless it combines with another halogen.
C)negative unless it combines with oxygen.
D)negative unless it combines with an active metal.
E)always negative.

Question 27

Which noble gas is known to form a variety of binary compounds?

A)Xe
B)He
C)Ne
D)Ar
E)Kr

Question 28

Metal oxides are typically __________ while nonmetal oxides are typically __________.

A)basic, amphoteric
B)basic, acidic
C)amphoteric, basic
D)acidic, basic
E)amphoteric, acidic

Question 29

Which one of the following compounds is peroxide?

A)Li₂O
B)H₂O
C)Na₂O₂
D)CsO₂
E)both Na₂O₂ and CsO₂

Question 30

The oxidation state of oxygen in O₂F₂ is

A)0
B)+2
C)+1
D)-1
E)-2

Question 31

The oxidation number of xenon in XeO₂F₂ is ________.

A)+2
B)+4
C)+6
D)+8
E)+10

Question 32

Which of the following statements is false?

A)Ozone is a better reducing agent than O₂ (g).
B)Ozone is produced by passing electricity through dry O₂ (g).
C)Ozone oxidizes all of the common metals except gold and platinum.
D)Ozone decomposes to O₂ and O.
E)Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen.

Question 33

Chlorine can have a positive oxidation state

A)if it combines with bromine or iodine.
B)if it combines with oxygen or fluorine.
C)if it combines with hydrogen.
D)if it combines with an alkali metal.
E)in its elemental form.

Question 34

Interhalogen compounds __________.

A)are exceedingly reactive
B)contain halogens in both positive and negative oxidation states
C)are powerful oxidizing agents
D)that contain fluorine are very active fluorinating agents
E)all of the above

Question 35

Which elemental halogen(s)can be used to prepare I₂ from NaI?

A)F₂only
B)Cl₂ only
C)Br₂ only
D)both Cl₂ and Br₂, but not F₂
E)F₂, Cl₂, and Br₂

Question 36

The interhalogen compound ICl₃ can form but BrCl₃ cannot form. This is because

A)iodine is large enough to accommodate three chlorine atoms around itself
B)bromine is not electronegative enough to react with chlorine.
C)bromine is too electronegative to react with chlorine.
D)iodine can have a positive oxidation state but bromine cannot.
E)iodine can have a negative oxidation state but bromine cannot.

Question 37

A disproportionation reaction is one in which

A)a single element is both oxidized and reduced.
B)a compound is separated into its constituent elements.
C)the ratio of combination of two elements in a compound changes.
D)aqueous ions combine to form an insoluble salt.
E)an insoluble salt separates into ions.

Question 38

The heavier noble gases are more reactive than the lighter ones because

A)the lighter noble gases exist as diatomic molecules.
B)the lighter noble gases have complete octets.
C)the heavier noble gases are more abundant.
D)the heavier noble gases have low ionization energies relative to the lighter ones.
E)the heavier noble gases have greater electron affinities.

Question 39

The most stable allotrope of oxygen is __________.

A)H₂O
B)O₃
C)O₂
D)HClO
E)O

Question 40

The oxidation state of oxygen in OF₂ is

A)+1
B)+2
C)0
D)-1
E)-2

Question 41

The careful, thermal decomposition of solid ammonium nitrate will yield __________.

A)N₂O
B)NO
C)NO₂
D)N₂O₃
E)N₂O₅

Question 42

Which element in group 6A is not found as the central atom in compounds with an expanded valence shell?

A)oxygen
B)selenium
C)tellurium
D)polonium
E)sulfur

Question 43

What sulfur compound is used to sterilize wine?

A)H₂SO₄
B)H₂S
C)Na₂SO₃
D)SO₂
E)Na₂S

Question 44

The oxidation number of N in NO₂ is __________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 45

The oxidation number of B in NaBH₄ is __________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 46

The prefix thio- denotes

A)replacement of an oxygen atom by a sulfur atom.
B)a sulfur-sulfur double bond.
C)sulfur in a negative oxidation state.
D)a sulfur-oxygen double bond.
E)an allotropic form of sulfur.

Question 47

What is the major commercial source of elemental sulfur?

A)sulfide minerals
B)sulfate minerals
C)underground deposits of elemental sulfur
D)seawater
E)coal and petroleum

Question 48

Amphoteric oxides are also known as __________.

A)basic oxides
B)basic anhydrides
C)acidic oxides
D)acidic anhydrides
E)none of the above

Question 49

Which one of the following is false concerning pure hydrazine?

A)It is an oily, colorless liquid.
B)It can be made by reaction of hypochlorite and ammonia.
C)It is used as a rocket fuel.
D)Hydrazine is quite poisonous.
E)It is a clear, red liquid that is highly viscous.

Question 50

The oxidation number of As in HAsO₄^-2 is __________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 51

Which of the following equations correctly represents the combustion of hydrazine?

A)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ NH₃ (g)+ HNO₂ (g)
B)N₂H₄ (l)+ 2O₂ (g)→ 2NO₂ (g)+ 2H₂ (g)
C)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ 2H₂NO (g)
D)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ N₂ (g)+ 2H₂O (g)
E)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ N₂ (g)+ 2H₂ (g)+ O₂ (g)

Question 52

The oxidation number of N in HNO₃ is __________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 53

Which one of the following is sodium thiosulfate?

A)Na₂SO₄
B)Na₂SO₃
C)Na₂S₂O₃
D)Na₂S₄O₆
E)Na₂S

Question 54

The oxidation number of As in H₂AsO₃^- is __________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 55

Which group 6A element is not commonly found in a positive oxidation state?

A)sulfur
B)selenium
C)oxygen
D)tellurium
E)polonium

Question 56

The molecular shape of the SF₆ molecule is __________.

A)tetrahedral
B)trigonal bipyramidal
C)octahedral
D)trigonal pyramidal
E)T-shaped

Question 57

Which of the following is the nitride ion?

A)N^3-
B)N₃^-
C)NO₃^-
D)NO₂^-
E)N^-

Question 58

The oxidation number of N in HNO₂ is __________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 59

The oxidation numbers of sulfur in the sulfate ion, sulfite ion, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen sulfide are __________, __________, __________, and __________, respectively.

A)+4, -2, +4, +6
B)+6, +2, +4, +6
C)+6, +4, +6, -2
D)+4, +6, +4, -2
E)-2, +6, -2, 0

Question 60

Which form of elemental sulfur is the most stable at room temperature?

A)rhombic sulfur
B)monoclinic
C)hexagonal
D)triclinic
E)tetraclinic

Question 61

The arrangement of oxygen atoms around a silicon atom in SiO₄^4- is

A)square planar
B)octahedral
C)linear
D)tetrahedral
E)trigonal pyramidal

Question 62

The reaction between nitrogen dioxide and water is a

A)decomposition
B)combustion
C)disproportionation
D)neutralization
E)replacement

Question 63

The oxidation numbers of nitrogen in the nitride ion, hydrazine, ammonium cation, and nitrate ion are __________, __________, __________, and __________, respectively.

A)-3, -2, -3, +5
B)+3, -2, -3, +5
C)+3, -2, +1, +3
D)-3, +2, +1, +5
E)-3, +2, -3, +3

Question 64

What gas has the odor of bitter almonds?

A)H₂S
B)NO₂
C)CO
D)HCN
E)Cl₂

Question 65

Which of the following would produce the most strongly basic aqueous solution?

A)CO
B)CO₃^2-
C)CO₂
D)HCO₃^-
E)NaHCO₃

Question 66

Which equation correctly represents what happens when NO₂ dissolves in water?

A)NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ 2H⁺ (aq)+ NO₃^- (aq)
B)3NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ 2H⁺ (aq)+ 2NO₃^- (aq)+ NO (g)
C)NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂O₂ (aq)+ NO (g)
D)2NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ 2H⁺ (aq)+ NO₄^2- (aq)+ NO (g)
E)2NO₂ (g)+ 2H₂O (l)→ 2 HNO₂ (aq)+ O₂ (g)+ H₂ (g)

Question 67

Which pair of formula/name is incorrect?

A)NO / nitric oxide
B)N₂O / nitrous oxide
C)NO₂ / nitrogen dioxide
D)N₂O₄ / dinitrogen trioxide
E)N₂O₅ / dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 68

How many pairs of unpaired electrons are there in one molecule of carbon monoxide?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 69

In the reaction of phosphorus with chlorine to form a phosphorus chloride, whether PCl₃ or PCl₅ forms depends on

A)which allotropic form of phosphorus is used.
B)the amount of chlorine present.
C)whether the reaction is carried out in the gas phase or in solution.
D)whether the chlorine used is molecular or atomic.
E)the amount of moisture present.

Question 70

What are the products of the reaction of PF₃ (g)and water?

A)phosphorous acid and hydrofluoric acid
B)elemental phosphorus and hydrofluoric acid
C)phosphoric acid and fluorine gas
D)elemental phosphorus and fluorine gas
E)phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid

Question 71

Of the following, which is most likely to form interstitial carbides?

A)active metals
B)transition metals
C)boron and silicon
D)alkaline earth metals
E)alkali metals

Question 72

Which of the following is not an allotropic form of carbon?

A)graphite
B)diamond
C)carbide
D)buckminsterfullerene
E)All of the above are allotropic forms of carbon.

Question 73

Which of the following would produce the most strongly acidic aqueous solution?

A)HCO₃^-
B)CO
C)CO₂
D)CO₃^2-
E)CaCO₃

Question 74

What is the function of the carbon fibers in a composite?

A)to provide a structure to help the epoxy resin solidify in the desired shape
B)to transmit loads evenly in all directions
C)to provide resistance to oxidation
D)to provide ultraviolet protection
E)to "spread out" the epoxy so that it remains more flexible

Question 75

Which one of the following is false concerning buckminsterfullerene?

A)It is the most recently discovered crystalline allotrope of carbon.
B)It consists of individual molecules like C₆₀ and C₇₀.
C)It is a molecular form of carbon.
D)It is made up of Cl₂ molecules.
E)It is made up of molecules that resemble soccer balls.

Question 76

Which equation correctly represents the reaction between carbon dioxide and water?

A)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂CO₃ (aq)
B)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂ (g)+ CO (g)+ O₂ (g)
C)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂O₂ (aq)+ CO (g)
D)CO₂ (aq)+ 2H₂O (l)→ CH₄ (g)+ 2O₂ (aq)
E)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂CO (aq)+ O₂ (g)

Question 77

Of the following substances, __________ is both a very strong acid and a powerful oxidizing agent.

A)HNO₃
B)H₂SO₄
C)HCl
D)H₃PO₄
E)HF

Question 78

What are the products of the reaction of PCl₅ (g)and water?

A)phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid
B)elemental phosphorus and hydrochloric acid
C)phosphoric acid and chlorine gas
D)elemental phosphorus and chlorine gas
E)phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid

Question 79

Carbon dioxide is produced

A)in blast furnaces when metal oxides are reduced with CO.
B)by combustion of carbon-containing substances in an excess of oxygen.
C)when carbonates are heated.
D)by fermentation of sugar during the production of ethanol.
E)by all of the above processes.

Question 80

A carbonyl compound contains

A)a carbon-oxygen double bond
B)a carbon-oxygen triple bond
C)a carbon atom with a lone pair of electrons
D)a carbon-carbon triple bond
E)a carbon-carbon double bond