Deck 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Question 1

The reaction C₆H₁₂O₆(s)+ 6 O₂(g)→ 6 CO₂(g)+ 6 H₂O(l)is best classified as a(n)

A)acid-base neutralization reaction.
B)double replacement reaction.
C)oxidation-reduction reaction.
D)precipitation reaction.

Answer 1

oxidation-reduction reaction.

Question 2

Water (H₂O),methyl alcohol (CH₃OH),ethyl alcohol (CH₃CH₂OH),ethylene glycol (HOCH₂CH₂OH),and sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)are commonly classified as

A)bases.
B)nonelectrolytes.
C)strong electrolytes.
D)weak electrolytes.

Answer 2

nonelectrolytes.

Question 3

In a solution prepared by mixing CH₃OH with H₂O the major species present are

A)CH₃OH and H₂O.
B)CH₃OH,H⁺,and OH^-.
C)CH₃⁺,OH^-,and H₂O.
D)CH₃O^-,H⁺,and H₂O.

Answer 3

CH₃OH and H₂O.

Question 4

Which statement about diluted solutions is false? When a solution is diluted

A)the concentration of the solution decreases.
B)the molarity of the solution decreases.
C)the number of moles of solute remains unchanged.
D)the number of moles of solvent remains unchanged.

Question 5

What is the molar concentration of sodium ions in a 0.350 M Na₃PO₄ solution?

A)0.117 M
B)0.350 M
C)1.05 M
D)1.40 M

Question 6

What volume of a 0.540 M KOH solution contains 15.5 g of KOH?

A)0.54 L
B)0.51 L
C)1.95 L
D)8.47 L

Question 7

How many grams of KNO₃ are needed to make 250.mL of a solution that is 0.135 M?

A)1.71 g
B)0.341 g
C)3.41 g
D)6.82 g

Question 8

Acetic acid (CH₃CO₂H),formic acid (HCO₂H),hydrofluoric acid (HF),ammonia (NH₃),and methylamine (CH₃NH₂)are commonly classified as

A)acids.
B)nonelectrolytes.
C)strong electrolytes.
D)weak electrolytes.

Question 9

How many milliliters of a 6.0 M HNO₃ solution are needed to make 0.25 L of a 3.5 M HNO₃ solution?

A)686 mL
B)428 mL
C)146 mL
D)119 mL

Question 10

What is the concentration of NO₃^- ions in a solution prepared by dissolving 15.0 g of Ba(NO₃)₂ in enough water to produce 300.mL of solution?

A)0.057 M
B)0.191 M
C)0.573M
D)0.382 M

Question 11

A student prepared a stock solution by dissolving 20.0 g of NaOH in enough water to make 150.mL of solution.She then took 15.0 mL of the stock solution and diluted it with enough water to make 65.0 mL of a final solution.What is the concentration of NaOH for the final solution?

A)0.769 M
B)0.548 M
C)1.40 M
D)1.82 M

Question 12

Identify the statement that is true about nonelectrolytes.

A)Nonelectrolytes dissolve in water to produce ions.
B)Nonelectrolytes do not dissociate in water.
C)Nonelectrolytes conduct electricity.
D)Most nonelectrolytes are ionic compounds.

Question 13

What is the concentration of an AlBr₃ solution if 150.mL of the solution contains 250.mg of Br^- ion?

A)6.95 × 10^-3 M
B)2.08 × 10^-2 M
C)1.67 M
D)6.23 × 10^-3 M

Question 14

If the reaction of phosphate ion with water is ignored,what is the total concentration of ions in a solution prepared by dissolving 3.00 g of Na₃PO₄ in enough water to make 350.mL of solution?

A)0.0183 M
B)0.209 M
C)0.0523 M
D)0.323 M

Question 15

What is the concentration of HNO₃ in the final solution when 70.0 mL of a 6.00 M HNO₃ solution is diluted with pure water to a total volume of 0.15 L?

A)3.57 × 10^-2 M
B)2.80 M
C)12.6 M
D)1.75 M

Question 16

Molarity is defined as

A)moles of solute per liter of solution.
B)moles of solute per liter of solvent.
C)moles of solvent per liter of solution.
D)moles of solvent per liter of solvent.

Question 17

The reaction Na₃PO₄(aq)+ 3 AgNO₃(aq)→ Ag₃PO₄(s)+ 3 NaNO₃(aq)is best classified as a(n)

A)acid-base neutralization reaction.
B)oxidation-reduction reaction.
C)precipitation reaction.
D)single replacement reaction.

Question 18

A student dissolved 3.00 g of Ca(NO₃)₂ in enough water to make 100.mL of stock solution.He took 4.00 mL of the solution then diluted it with water to give 275 mL of a final solution.How many grams of NO₃^- ion are there in the final solution?

A)0.329 g
B)0.00073 g
C)0.0453 g
D)0.0906 g

Question 19

The reaction 2 HNO₃(aq)+ Ba(OH)₂(aq)→ Ba(NO₃)₂(aq)+ 2 H₂O(l)is best classified as a(n)

A)acid-base neutralization reaction.
B)oxidation-reduction reaction.
C)precipitation reaction.
D)single replacement reaction.

Question 20

What is the concentration of FeBr₃ in a solution prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of FeBr₃ in enough water to make 275 mL of solution?

A)1.23 × 10^-4 M
B)0.123 M
C)1.23 M
D)1.23 × 10³ M

Question 21

When K₂SO₄(aq)and Pb(NO₃)₂(aq)are mixed,a white colored precipitate forms which is

A)KNO_3.
B)K₂SO_3.
C)Pb.
D)PbSO_4.

Question 22

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of H₂SO₄(aq)with Ba(OH)₂(aq).

A)H₂SO₄(aq)+ Ba(OH)₂(aq)→ BaSO₄(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)
B)2 H⁺(aq)+ SO₄^2-(aq)+ Ba²⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)→ BaSO₄(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)
C)H⁺(aq)+ OH⁺(aq)→ H₂O(l)
D)Ba²⁺(aq)+ SO₄^2-(aq)→ BaSO₄(s)

Question 23

In the reaction AgNO₃(aq)+ HI(aq)→ AgI(s)+ HNO₃(aq)the spectator ions are

A)Ag⁺ and NO₃^-.
B)Ag⁺ and I^-.
C)H⁺ and I^-.
D)H⁺ and NO₃^-.

Question 24

When 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of Fe(NO₃)₃ are mixed with 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of NaOH,a precipitate forms.What is the identity of the precipitate? Fe(NO₃)₃(aq) + 3 NaOH(aq)→ Fe(OH)₃(s)+ 3 NaNO₃(aq)

A)Fe(NO₃)₃
B)NaOH
C)Fe(OH)₃
D)NaNO₃

Question 25

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of NiBr₂(aq)with (NH₄)₂S(aq).

A)NiBr₂(aq)+ (NH₄)₂S(aq)→ NiS(s)+ 2 NH₄Br(aq)
B)Ni²⁺(aq)+ 2 Br^-(aq)+ 2 NH₄⁺(aq)+ S^2-(aq)→ NiS(s)+ 2 NH₄⁺(aq)+ 2 Br^-(aq)
C)Ni²⁺(aq)+ 2 Br^-(aq)+ 2 NH₄⁺(aq)+ S^2-(aq)→ NiS(s)+ 2 NH₄Br(s)
D)Ni²⁺(aq)+ S^2-(aq)→ NiS(s)

Question 26

When dissolved in water,LiOH behaves as

A)an acid that forms Li⁺ and OH^- ions.
B)an acid that forms LiO^- and H⁺ ions.
C)a base that forms Li⁺ and OH^- ions.
D)a base that forms LiO^- and H⁺ ions.

Question 27

Which pair of compounds is insoluble in water?

A)AgNO₃ and KNO₃
B)Na₂S and CuS
C)(NH₄)₂SO₄ and AgI
D)PbSO₄ and Pb₃(PO₄)₂

Question 28

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of AgNO₃(aq)with Cu(s).

A)AgNO₃(aq)+ Cu(s)→ Ag(s)+ CuNO₃(aq)
B)Ag⁺(aq)+ Cu(s)→ Ag(s)+ Cu⁺(aq)
C)2 AgNO₃(aq)+ Cu(s)→ 2 Ag(s)+ CuNO₃(aq)
D)2Ag⁺(aq)+ Cu(s)→ 2 Ag(s)+ Cu²⁺(aq)

Question 29

What reagent would distinguish between Ag⁺ and Fe³⁺?

A)NaClO₃
B)NaI
C)NaNO₃
D)NaOH

Question 30

Which one of the following compounds is insoluble in water?

A)NH₄SO₄
B)Ba(OH)₂
C)Ca₃(PO₄₎₂
D)Rb₂CO₃

Question 31

What reagent could not be used to separate Cl^- from S^2- when added to an aqueous solution containing both?

A)AgNO₃(aq)
B)Ca(NO₃)₂(aq)
C)Cu(NO₃)₂(aq)
D)Fe(NO₃)₃(aq)

Question 32

Phthalic acid is a diprotic acid having the formula HO₂CC₆H₄CO₂H that can be converted to a salt by reaction with base.Which of the following is expected to be most soluble in water?

A)HO₂CC₆H₄CO₂H
B)HO₂CC₆H₄CO₂Na
C)HO₂CC₆H₄CO₂K
D)NaO₂CC₆H₄CO₂Na

Question 33

Which one of the following compounds is soluble in water?

A)BaSO₄
B)AgCl
C)Pb(ClO₄)₂
D)Ca(OH)₂

Question 34

Which of the following compounds is not an Arrhenius acid?

A)HF
B)KOH
C)HClO
D)H₂SO₃

Question 35

What ion is provided when Arrhenius bases dissolve in water?

A)H⁺
B)Na⁺
C)Cl^-
D)OH^-

Question 36

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of Pb(NO₃)₂(aq)with NaI(aq).

A)Pb(NO₃)₂(aq)+ 2 NaI(aq)→ PbI₂(s)+ 2 NaNO₃(aq)
B)Pb²⁺(aq)+ 2 NO₃^-(aq)+ 2 Na⁺(aq)+ 2 I^-(aq)→ Pb²⁺(aq)+ 2 I^-(aq)+ 2 Na⁺(aq)+ 2 NO₃^-(aq)
C)Pb²⁺(aq)+ 2 NO₃^-(aq)+ 2 Na⁺(aq)+ 2 I^-(aq)→ PbI₂(s)+ 2 Na⁺(aq)+ 2 NO₃^-(aq)
D)Pb²⁺(aq)+ 2 I^-(aq)→ PbI₂(s)

Question 37

The combustion reaction CH₄(g)+ 2 O₂(g)→ CO₂(g)+ 2 H₂O(l)can be classified as a(n)

A)acid-base neutralization reaction.
B)double replacement reaction.
C)oxidation-reduction reaction.
D)precipitation reaction.

Question 38

Which pair of compounds is soluble in water?

A)AgCl and AgBr
B)CdS and (NH₄)₂S
C)KClO₄ and Ba(ClO₄)₂
D)K₂SO4 and BaSO₄

Question 39

When Na₂CrO₄(aq)and AgNO₃(aq)are mixed,a red colored precipitate forms which is

A)Ag.
B)Ag₂CrO₄.
C)AgNO₂.
D)NaNO₃.

Question 40

What reagent could be used to separate Br^- from SO₄^2- when added to an aqueous solution containing both?

A)AgNO₃(aq)
B)Ba(OH)₂(aq)
C)CuSO₄(aq)
D)NaI(aq)

Question 41

How many H⁺ ions can the acid H₃PO₄ donate per molecule?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Question 42

How many milliliters of 0.300 M Li₂S are needed to react with 25.00 mL of 0.315 M AgNO₃? Li₂S(aq)+ 2 AgNO₃(aq)→ 2 LiNO₃(aq)+ Ag₂S(s)

A)13.1 mL
B)226.2 mL
C)6.05 mL
D)1.31 mL

Question 43

If 200.mL of 0.100 M Na₂SO₄ is added to 200.mL of 0.150 M NaCl,what is the concentration of Na⁺ ions in the final solution? Assume that the volumes are additive.

A)0.05 M
B)0.175 M
C)0.125 M
D)0.250 M

Question 44

How many H⁺ ions can the acid CH₃CO₂H donate per molecule?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 45

How many H⁺ ions can the acid,H₂CO₃,donate per molecule?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Question 46

Write a net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction of HCN(aq)with NaOH(aq).

A)HCN(aq)+ NaOH(aq)→ NaCN(aq)+ H₂O(l)
B)HCN(aq)+ Na⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ Na⁺(aq)+ CN^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)
C)HCN(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ CN^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)
D)H⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ H₂O(l)

Question 47

Write a net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction of H₃PO₄(aq)with Ba(OH)₂(aq).

A)2 H₃PO₄(aq)+ 3 Ba(OH)₂(aq)→ Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s)+ 6 H₂O(l)
B)2 H₃PO₄(aq)+ 3 Ba²⁺(aq)+ 6 OH^-(aq)→ Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s)+ 6 H₂O(l)
C)6 H⁺(aq)+ 2 PO₄^3-(aq)+ 3 Ba²⁺(aq)+ 6 OH^-(aq)→ Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s)+ 6 H₂O(l)
D)H⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ H₂O(l)

Question 48

Which one of the following compounds behaves as an acid when dissolved in water?

A)CH₃OCH₃
B)CH₄
C)H₂SO₃
D)KOH

Question 49

When dissolved in water,of HClO_4, NH₃,KOH,HI,and CH₃OH which are acids?

A)NH₃ and KOH
B)HClO₄ and HI
C)only HI
D)only KOH

Question 50

How many grams of BaCl₂ are formed when 35.00 mL of 0.00237 M Ba(OH)₂ reacts with excess Cl₂ gas? 2 Ba(OH)₂(aq)+ 2 Cl₂(g)→ Ba(OCl)₂(aq)+ BaCl₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)

A)0.00864 g
B)0.0173 g
C)0.0346 g
D)0.0829 g

Question 51

By analogy with the oxoacids of sulfur,H₂TeO₃ would be named

A)hydrotellurous acid.
B)pertelluric acid.
C)telluric acid.
D)tellurous acid.

Question 52

Which of the following is not a strong acid?

A)HF
B)HCl
C)HBr
D)HI

Question 53

Write a net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction of CH₃CO₂H(aq)with CsOH(aq).

A)CH₃CO₂H(aq)+ CsOH(aq)→ CH₃CO₂Cs(aq)+ H₂O(l)
B)CH₃CO₂^-(aq)+ H⁺(aq)+ Cs⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ CH₃CO₂^-(aq)+ Cs⁺ + H₂O(l)
C)CH₃CO₂H(aq)+ Cs⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ CH₃CO₂Cs(s)+ H₂O(l)
D)CH₃CO₂H(aq)+ OH^-(aq)→ CH₃CO₂^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)

Question 54

Which of the following compounds is an Arrhenius base in water?

A)C₆H₁₂O₆
B)CH₃COOH
C)KCl
D)NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂

Question 55

Which of the following compounds is an Arrhenius base in water?

A)CH₃CH₃
B)CH₃SH
C)HOCl
D)KOH

Question 56

The name of H₂SO₃ is

A)sulfurous acid.
B)sulfuric acid.
C)hydrosulfuric acid.
D)hydrosulfurous acid.

Question 57

How many milliliters of 0.100 M FeCl₃ are needed to react with an excess of Na₂S to produce 2.75 g of Fe₂S₃ if the percent yield for the reaction is 65.0%? 3 Na₂S(aq)+ 2 FeCl₃(aq)→ Fe₂S₃(s)+ 6 NaCl(aq)

A)25.4 mL
B)43.0 mL
C)50.1 mL
D)102 mL

Question 58

The chemical formula for nitric acid is

A)HNO₂(aq).
B)HNO₃(aq).
C)H₂NO₃(aq).
D)H₂NO₂(aq).

Question 59

When dissolved in water,of HClO₄,NH₃,KOH,HI,and CH₃OH which are bases?

A)NH₃ and KOH
B)HClO₄ and HI
C)only HI
D)NH₃,KOH,and CH₃OH

Question 60

When 125 mL of 0.500 M AgNO₃ is added to 100.mL of 0.500 M NH₄Cl,how many grams of AgCl are formed? AgNO₃(aq)+ NH₄Cl(aq)→ AgCl(s)+ NH₄NO₃(aq)

A)7.17 g
B)8.96 g
C)13.3 g
D)25.8 g

Question 61

What is the oxidation number change for the iron atom in the following reaction? 2 Fe₂O₃(s)+ 3 C(s)→ 4 Fe(s)+ 3 CO₂(g)

A)-6
B)-3
C)+3
D)+6

Question 62

When 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of Fe(NO₃)₃ are mixed with 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of NaOH,a precipitate forms.How many moles of precipitate is formed? Fe(NO₃)₃(aq) + 3 NaOH(aq)→ Fe(OH)₃(s)+ 3 NaNO₃(aq)

A)0.33 moles
B)1.00 mole
C)0.05 moles
D)0.017 moles

Question 63

Disproportionation is a reaction in which a substance is both oxidized and reduced in the reaction.Which is a disproportionation reaction?

A)ClO₃^-(aq)+ 3 Cu(s)+ 6 H⁺(aq)→ Cl^-(aq)+ 3 Cu²⁺(aq)+ 3 H₂O(l)
B)ClO^-(aq)+ Pb(OH)₄^-(aq)→ Cl^-(aq)+ PbO₂(s)+ H₂O(l)+ 2 OH^-(aq)
C)6 Cl^-(aq)+ Cr₂O₇^2-(aq)+ 14 H⁺(aq)→ 3 Cl₂(g)+ 2 Cr³⁺(aq)+ 7 H₂O(l)
D)Cl₂(g)+ 2 OH^-(aq)→ Cl^-(aq)+ ClO^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)

Question 64

In the following reaction,Cl₂ is 2 Rb(s)+ Cl₂(g)→ 2 RbCl(s)

A)the reducing agent.
B)the oxidizing agent.
C)oxidized.
D)the electron donor.

Question 65

When 50.0 mL of a 1.00M solution of Fe(NO₃)₃ are mixed with 50.0mL of a 1.00 M solution of NaOH,a precipitate forms.What ions remain after the reaction is complete? Fe(NO₃)₃(aq) + 3 NaOH(aq)→ Fe(OH)₃(s)+ 3 NaNO₃(aq)

A)Fe³⁺ and OH^-
B)Fe³⁺,Na⁺,and OH^-
C)Fe³⁺,OH^-,Na⁺,and NO₃^-
D)Na⁺ and NO₃^-

Question 66

Which species functions as the oxidizing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction? 5 Fe²⁺(aq)+ MnO₄^-(aq)+ 8 H⁺(aq)→ Mn²⁺(aq)+ 5 Fe³⁺(aq)+ 4 H₂O(l)

A)Fe²⁺(aq)
B)H⁺(aq)
C)Mn²⁺(aq)
D)MnO₄^-(aq)

Question 67

The oxidation state of chlorine in ClO₄^- is

A)0
B)+5
C)-5
D)+7

Question 68

Using the following sequence of reactions,determine the order of reducing agents (strongest to weakest). A + B⁺ → A⁺ + B
A + C⁺ → A⁺ + C
B + C⁺ → no reaction

A)A > B > C
B)A > C > B
C)B > C > A
D)C⁺ > B⁺ > A⁺

Question 69

What is the oxidation number of the sulfur atom in S₈?

A)-2
B)0
C)+6
D)+8

Question 70

How many milliliters of 0.550 M hydriodic acid are needed to react with 25.00 mL of 0.330 M CsOH? HI(aq)+ CsOH(aq)→ CsI(aq)+ H₂O(l)

A)0.133 mL
B)0.0667 mL
C)15.0 mL
D)41.7 mL

Question 71

Using the following sequence of reactions,determine the order of oxidizing agents (strongest to weakest). Q + U⁺ → Q⁺ + U
U + W⁺ → U⁺ + W
Q + W⁺ → Q⁺ + W

A)Q > U > W
B)W > U > Q
C)Q⁺ > U⁺ > W⁺
D)W⁺ > U⁺ > Q⁺

Question 72

Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half-reactions,determine which combination of reactants will result in a reaction. Li(s)→ Al³⁺(aq)+ e^-
Cr(s)→ Al³⁺(aq)+ 3e^-

A)Li(s)with Al(s)
B)Li(s)with Al³⁺(aq)
C)Li⁺(aq)with Al³⁺(aq)
D)Li⁺(aq)with Al(s)

Question 73

In the reaction 2 H₂O₂(l)→ 2 H₂O(l)+ O₂(g)oxygen is

A)both oxidized and reduced.
B)neither oxidized nor reduced.
C)only oxidized.
D)only reduced.

Question 74

Which species functions as the reducing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction? 2 P(s)+ 3 Br₂(l)→ 2 PBr₃(l)

A)Br^-(aq)
B)Br₂(l)
C)P(s)
D)P³⁺(aq)

Question 75

Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half reactions Ca(s)→ Ca²⁺(aq)+ 2e^-
Mg(s)→ Mg²⁺(aq)+ 2e^-
Zn(s)→ Zn²⁺(aq)+ 2e^-
Cu(s)→ Cu²⁺(aq)+ 2e^-
Determine which reaction will not occur.

A)Ca(s)with Cu²⁺(aq)
B)Ca(s)with Zn²⁺(aq)
C)Zn(s)with Cu²⁺(aq)
D)Zn(s)with Mg²⁺(aq)

Question 76

Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half reactions K(s)→ K⁺(aq)+ e^-
Al(s)→ Al³⁺(aq)+ 3e^-
Fe(s)→ Fe²⁺(aq)+ 2e^-
Sn(s)→ Sn²⁺(aq)+ 2e^-
Determine which reaction will occur.

A)Al³⁺(aq)with Fe(s)
B)Al(s)with Sn(s)
C)K⁺(aq)with Fe²⁺(aq)
D)K(s)with Sn²⁺(aq)

Question 77

What is the oxidation number change for the manganese atom in the following unbalanced reduction half reaction? MnO₄^-(aq)+ H⁺(aq)→ Mn²⁺(aq)+ H₂O(l)

A)-7
B)-5
C)+5
D)+7

Question 78

What is the oxidation number of the sulfur atom in SO₂?

A)-2
B)+2
C)-4
D)+4

Question 79

What is the oxidation number of the chromium atom in K₂Cr₂O₄?

A)-2
B)+3
C)+6
D)+7

Question 80

Which species functions as the reducing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction? ZnO(s)+ C(s)→ Zn(s)+ CO(g)

A)C(s)
B)CO(g)
C)Zn(s)
D)ZnO(s)