Deck 1: Matter and Measurements

Question 1

A chemist is given an unknown gas sample.Which observation describes a chemical property of the sample?

A)It extinguishes a glowing splint.
B)It has a sharp,stinging odor.
C)It is colorless.
D)Its density is greater than that of air.
E)It weighs 11.2 grams.

Answer 1

It extinguishes a glowing splint.

Question 2

Which of the following is a physical property of aspirin?

A)Aspirin can moderate some heart disorders when ingested.
B)Aspirin does not decompose when tightly sealed in a bottle.
C)Aspirin yields carbon dioxide and water vapor when burned.
D)Aspirin can be pressed into tablets when mixed with cornstarch.
E)Aspirin reacts with water to produce salicylic acid and acetic acid.

Answer 2

Aspirin can be pressed into tablets when mixed with cornstarch.

Question 3

Which of the following causes a chemical change?

A)winding an alarm clock
B)metabolizing fat
C)slicing a tomato
D)digging a hole
E)pumping gasoline

Answer 3

metabolizing fat

Question 4

Which statement describes a physical change?

A)winding an alarm clock
B)turning on a flashlight
C)digesting your lunch
D)burning the morning toast
E)lighting a match

Question 5

Which is an example of matter?

A)electrical current
B)conductivity
C)reactivity
D)plastic
E)anxiety

Question 6

Which of the following is a chemical property?

A)melting point
B)mass
C)flammability
D)volume
E)temperature

Question 7

Which of the following is a physical change?

A)the rusting of iron
B)the condensation of water vapor
C)the baking of a potato
D)the explosion of nitroglycerin

Question 8

Chemistry is important to the study of which of the following subjects?

A)Geology
B)Biology
C)Astronomy
D)Physics
E)All of these

Question 9

Which best describes the size and shape of a sample of gas?

A)It has definite volume and definite shape.
B)It has definite volume,but shape is determined by the container.
C)Its volume is determined by the container,but it has a definite shape.
D)Volume and shape are both determined by the container.
E)Volume and shape cannot be described.

Question 10

Which term does not describe a conversion between states of matter?

A)condensation
B)evaporation
C)freezing
D)melting
E)mixing

Question 11

Which factor determines the state of matter in which a substance exists?

A)amount
B)color
C)density
D)odor
E)temperature

Question 12

Barium sulfate is described as a white crystalline solid that melts at 1580°C and decomposes at 1600°C.At a temperature of 500°C,you would expect a sample of barium sulfate to be a

A)colorless liquid.
B)white crystalline solid.
C)yellow liquid.
D)white cloud of vapor.
E)form that cannot be determined.

Question 13

Which of the following are states of matter?

A)solid
B)suspension
C)solution
D)precipitate
E)all of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of matter?

A)light
B)clothing
C)forgiveness
D)jealousy
E)wisdom

Question 15

Malic acid,a compound used to increase the acidity of fruit-flavored products,freezes at 128°C and boils at 150°C.What is its phase at 100°C,a temperature used in food processing applications?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gas
D)a mixture of solid and liquid
E)a mixture of liquid and gas

Question 16

1-butanethiol,one of the compounds giving skunks their distinctive odor,freezes at -115.7°C and boils at 98.5°C.What is its phase at 37°C,the normal body temperature of humans?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gas
D)a mixture of solid and liquid
E)a mixture of liquid and gas

Question 17

A chemist is given an unknown sample.Which of her observations is not a physical property?

A)The sample is a colorless liquid.
B)The sample has an odor similar to gasoline.
C)The sample is flammable.
D)The sample size is 55 mL.
E)The density of the liquid is 0.789 g/mL.

Question 18

Which of the following is a physical property?

A)flammability
B)conductivity
C)ability to support combustion
D)corrosiveness
E)inertness

Question 19

Which of the following is a chemical property of aspirin?

A)It does not decompose when protected from moisture.
B)It does not readily dissolve in water.
C)It can be compressed into tablets when mixed with cornstarch.
D)It melts at 135°C.
E)It is a white crystalline solid in pure form at room temperature.

Question 20

All of the following are examples of matter except

A)heat.
B)air.
C)water.
D)salt.
E)plants.

Question 21

What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?

A)C
B)Ca
C)Cl
D)Cr
E)Cu

Question 22

List and describe two differences between pure substances and mixtures.

Question 23

What is the chemical symbol for calcium?

A)C
B)Ca
C)Cl
D)Cr
E)Cu

Question 24

Which of the following is a mixture?

A)cough syrup
B)iron
C)helium
D)sodium hydrogen carbonate
E)steam

Question 25

Xylene,a compound with the formula C₈H₁₀,is composed of

A)any combination of atoms of carbon and hydrogen in a four to five ratio.
B)eight atoms of carbon and ten atoms of hydrogen.
C)eight atoms of calcium and ten atoms of helium.
D)ten atoms of carbon and eight atoms of hydrogen.
E)any combination of atoms of carbon and hydrogen that add up to 18 total.

Question 26

Which of the following is an element?

A)fire
B)iron
C)salt
D)water
E)wine

Question 27

Each symbol denotes an element except

A)Co.
B)CO.
C)Cu.
D)C.
E)Cl.

Question 28

A pure substance

A)always has the same elemental composition.
B)is composed of more than one element.
C)can be broken into its components by physical means.
D)is chemically inert.
E)changes color when placed in bright sunlight.

Question 29

Vegetable oil is a(an)________,and is found in the ________ phase.

A)element; liquid
B)compound; solid
C)mixture; liquid
D)compound; gas
E)mixture; solid

Question 30

List three examples of pure substances and three examples of mixtures that have not been previously discussed in class.

Question 31

Which element is not essential for human life?

A)C
B)H
C)P
D)Pb
E)Ca

Question 32

What is the symbol for tungsten?

A)W
B)Tu
C)Sn
D)St
E)Ti

Question 33

Which of the following observations demonstrates that a solid sample is a compound?

A)It cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods.
B)It cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical methods.
C)Heating the substance causes it to melt,then to boil.
D)Heating the substance causes no visible color change.
E)Crushing the sample does not affect its other properties.

Question 34

Which of the following can be classified as a pure compound?

A)alcohol in water,C₂H₅OH in H₂O
B)sugar,C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
C)carbon,C
D)iodine,I₂

Question 35

Which of the following is a pure substance?

A)root beer
B)bleach
C)eggs
D)gasoline
E)neon

Question 36

What is the chemical symbol for chromium?

A)C
B)Ca
C)Cl
D)Cr
E)Cu

Question 37

A reddish powder is heated gently in a loosely covered container.After the heating a silvery metal remains in the container,and a glowing wooden splint placed into the container bursts into flame.The original substance is a(an)________,and the solid and gas produced are ________.

A)element; compounds
B)compound; elements
C)mixture; compounds
D)compound; compounds
E)mixture; elements

Question 38

Which symbol does not denote a compound?

A)CO₂
B)CCl₄
C)C₂H₄
D)Cr
E)CaCO₃

Question 39

What is the chemical symbol for copper?

A)C
B)Ca
C)Cl
D)Cr
E)Cu

Question 40

The most common element by mass percent in the human body is

A)carbon.
B)hydrogen.
C)oxygen
D)sulfur.
E)phosphorus.

Question 41

Element Z has the following properties:
A.noncombustible
B.unreactive
C.colorless,odorless gas at room temperature
D.nonconductor of electricity
Element Z can be classified as a ________ and will be found ________ the zigzag line of the periodic table.

A)metal; to the left of
B)metalloid; along side of
C)non-metal; to the right of
D)non-metal; along side of
E)metal; to the right of

Question 42

The formula BaSO₄ represents a compound composed of

A)two atoms of barium,four atoms of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
B)one atom of barium,four atoms of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
C)one atom of barium,one atom of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
D)one atom of boron,four atoms of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
E)one atom of boron,one atom of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.

Question 43

Which chemical symbol represents a non-metal?

A)Al
B)B
C)Ga
D)Si
E)P

Question 44

When the prefix centi is used in the metric system,a fundamental unit of measurement is multiplied by what factor?

A)10^-3
B)10^-2
C)10^-6
D)10³
E)10⁶

Question 45

The formula for glucose,C₆H₁₂O₆,represents a compound composed of

A)six atoms of carbon,twelve atoms of hydrogen,and six atoms of oxygen.
B)six atoms of carbon,ten atoms of hydrogen,and four atoms of oxygen.
C)one atom of carbon,two atoms of hydrogen,and one atom of oxygen.
D)six atoms of carbon and six atoms of water.
E)six atoms of carbon and two atoms of water.

Question 46

A chemical reaction occurs when

A)a substance's structure is altered.
B)a substance is heated.
C)two or more substances are mixed.
D)a substance is dissolved in water.
E)all of the above

Question 47

The formula for ammonia,NH₃,represents a compound composed of

A)one atom of nickel and three atoms of hydrogen.
B)one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen.
C)three atoms of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen.
D)three atoms of nitrogen and one atom of hydrogen.
E)one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of helium.

Question 48

Which chemical symbol represents a metalloid?

A)Al
B)B
C)Ga
D)Zn
E)Ar

Question 49

The formula for sodium carbonate,Na₂CO₃,represents a compound composed of

A)two atoms of sodium,three atoms of carbon,and three atoms of oxygen.
B)two atoms of sodium,one atom of carbon,and three atoms of oxygen.
C)six atoms of sodium,two atoms of carbon,and six atoms of oxygen.
D)one atom of sodium and one atom of carbonate.
E)two atoms of sodium and three atoms of carbonate.

Question 50

What element is represented by the chemical symbol Ag?

A)argon
B)arsenic
C)gold
D)mercury
E)silver

Question 51

Caffeine,the active ingredient in coffee,is composed of eight atoms of carbon,ten atoms of hydrogen,and four atoms of nitrogen.The chemical formula of caffeine is written

A)CHNO
B)C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
C)C₈H₁₀N₄
D)C₈H₁₂N₄O₄
E)C₈H₁₀N₄O

Question 52

When the prefix milli is used in the metric or SI system,a fundamental unit of measurement is multiplied by what factor?

A)10^-3
B)10^-2
C)10^-6
D)10³
E)10⁶

Question 53

Which chemical symbol represents a metallic element?

A)Ar
B)Br
C)Ca
D)H
E)P

Question 54

How many meters are there in one kilometer?

A)10^-3
B)10^-2
C)10^-6
D)10³
E)10⁶

Question 55

What element is represented by the chemical symbol K?

A)kaolin
B)phosphorus
C)potassium
D)silver
E)sodium

Question 56

Of the elements listed,the most abundant by mass percent in the earth's crust is

A)silicon.
B)aluminum.
C)hydrogen.
D)iron.
E)sodium.

Question 57

Consider the chemical reaction described as
Mercury(II)oxide
Mercury + oxygen.
Identify the reactant(s)in this example.

A)heat
B)mercury + oxygen
C)mercury(II)oxide
D)mercury
E)oxygen

Question 58

Element Z has the following properties:
A.silvery-white solid at room temperature
B.malleable
C.used as a catalyst
D.conducts electricity
Element Z can be classified as a ________ and will be found ________ the zigzag line of the periodic table.

A)metal; along side of
B)metalloid; along side of
C)non-metal; to the right of
D)non-metal; along side of
E)metal; to the left of

Question 59

The formula for calcium sulfate,CaSO₄,represents a compound composed of

A)two atoms of calcium,four atoms of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
B)one atom of calcium,four atoms of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
C)one atom of calcium,one atom of sulfur,and four atoms of oxygen.
D)one atom of calcium and four atoms of sulfate.
E)one atom of calcium and one atom of sulfate.

Question 60

Amphetamine,a commonly abused drug,is composed of nine atoms of carbon,13 atoms of hydrogen,and one atom of nitrogen.The chemical formula of amphetamine is written

A)C₉H₁₃N₁
B)C₉H₁₃
C)C₉H₁₃N
D)C₁₃H₉₃N₀
E)C₉H₁N₁₃

Question 61

The amount of matter in an object is its

A)density.
B)mass.
C)specific gravity.
D)volume.
E)weight.

Question 62

125 cL is the same as all of these except

A)125 centiliter.
B)125 cubic liter.
C)1.25 liter.
D)1250 milliliter.
E)12.5 deciliter.

Question 63

Which measurement represents the largest quantity?

A)4730 ng
B)4.73 × 10^-4 g
C)4.73 × 10³ μg
D)4.73 × 10^-6 kg
E)47.3 mg

Question 64

Which value is closest to the mass of a 2-pound box of laundry detergent?

A)200 g
B)2.0 × 10^-4 cg
C)9 × 10⁹ mg
D)1 kg
E)4.5 × 10³ ng

Question 65

Which of the following represents the largest unit?

A)deciliter
B)dekaliter
C)kiloliter
D)megaliter
E)milliliter

Question 66

Which of the following numbers contains five significant figures?

A)0.04910
B)0.4910
C)4.9100
D)49,100
E)4,910,000

Question 67

The metric unit used to measure volume is the

A)gram.
B)gram per cubic centimeter.
C)Kelvin.
D)liter.
E)meter.

Question 68

How long is 1 cm?

A)0.01 mm
B)1 mm
C)10 mm
D)100 mm

Question 69

The SI unit for volume is ________ and the metric unit for volume is ________.

A)cc; L
B)L; m³
C)m³; L
D)mL; cc
E)m³; cm³

Question 70

In an introductory laboratory exercise,a student was asked to measure the volume of soda in a partially filled can in metric units.Which value below is most likely to be correct?

A)1.0 kL
B)2.5 L
C)325 mL
D)550 μL
E)6.0 × 10⁶ nL

Question 71

What is the numerical value of 1.2 × 1.222? Express your answer using the correct number of significant figures.

A)1.5
B)1.47
C)1.466
D)1.4664
E)none of the above

Question 72

A laboratory technician reports that the mass of a growth removed from a patient is 274.06 g.How many significant figures does this measurement contain?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)none of the above

Question 73

Which measurement represents the smallest quantity?

A)2950 ng
B)2.95 × 10^-4 g
C)2.95 × 10³ μg
D)2.95 × 10^-6 kg
E)29.5 mg

Question 74

Which value is closest to the amount of gasoline in a small car with a full tank (which contains about 13 gallons)?

A)450 mL
B)50 L
C)85 μL
D)12 kL
E)3.5 × 10² dL

Question 75

The abbreviation for the metric unit used to measure mass is

A)g
B)g/cm³
C)K
D)L
E)m

Question 76

The units most likely to be used to measure the amount of alcohol to be added to a small test tube are

A)g.
B)mL.
C)cm.
D)kg.
E)L.

Question 77

The measurement most likely to describe the amount of pain reliever in a headache tablet is

A)1.5 kg.
B)500 mg.
C)1.00 mL.
D)325 mg/mL.
E)0.25 L.

Question 78

Which of the following measurements has three significant figures?

A)1,207 g
B)4.250 g
C)0.006 g
D)0.0250 g
E)0.03750 g

Question 79

A student weighed a solid sample.The units for this measurement are most likely to be recorded as

A)grams.
B)grams per cubic centimeter.
C)Kelvins.
D)liters.
E)meters.

Question 80

Which of the following numbers contains four significant figures?

A)230,110
B)23,011.0
C)0.23010
D)0.0230100
E)0.002301