Deck 12: Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Question 1

Which of the following statements is correct? Functional groups are

A)the parts of molecules that are used to differentiate classifications of organic molecules
B)to organic chemistry what polyatomic ions are to inorganic chemistry
C)are chemically bound to each other in order to make larger molecules
D)There is more than one correct answer.
E)None are correct.

Answer 1

the parts of molecules that are used to differentiate classifications of organic molecules

Question 2

The family of organic compounds with functional groups that do not consist only of hydrocarbons is

A)aldehydes.
B)alkanes.
C)alkenes.
D)alkynes.
E)aromatics.

Answer 2

aldehydes.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about alkyl groups is incorrect?

A)An alkyl group with four carbon atoms would include butyl in its name.
B)C₂H₅ is an example.
C)In naming,they are used as prefixes and have a "yl" ending.
D)They are derived from alkenes.
E)none of the above

Answer 3

They are derived from alkenes.

Question 4

The functional group which illustrates an ester is ________.

A)RC≡CR'
B)RCNH₂
C)

D)

E)

Question 5

The alkyne functional group has

A)a carbon-carbon triple bond.
B)a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen group.
C)a six-membered ring with three double bonds.
D)a double bond between carbon and oxygen.
E)one or more bonds between carbon and nitrogen.

Question 6

Which family of organic molecules is a hydrocarbon?

A)alcohol
B)aldehyde
C)amide
D)amine
E)aromatic

Question 7

Which factor is most important in determining the chemistry of an organic molecule?

A)the number of carbon-carbon bonds
B)the functional groups
C)the number of carbon-hydrogen bonds
D)the number of branches in the carbon chain
E)the melting point

Question 8

Describe the unique characteristics of carbon that make it the basis of such a large number of organic compounds.

Question 9

Which functional group does not contain oxygen?

A)alcohol
B)amine
C)carboxylic acid
D)ester
E)ketone

Question 10

All of the following statements are general properties of organic compounds except

A)the bonds are covalent.
B)they have relatively low boiling points.
C)they have limited or no water solubility.
D)they usually behave as electrolytes in solution.
E)they have relatively low melting points.

Question 11

The functional group illustrated by ROH is an

A)alkyl.
B)alcohol.
C)ether.
D)ester.
E)aldehyde.

Question 12

The functional group illustrated below is an

A)alcohol.
B)amide.
C)ether.
D)ester.
E)amine.

Question 13

Which atom is least likely to form a polar covalent bond with carbon?

A)Cl
B)F
C)H
D)N
E)O

Question 14

The functional group illustrated below is an

A)alkyl.
B)alcohol.
C)ether.
D)ester.
E)aldehyde.

Question 15

All of the families below include functional groups which contain oxygen except

A)carboxylic acids.
B)alkyl halides.
C)esters.
D)ethers.
E)ketones.

Question 16

The aromatic functional group is often represented as

A)a carbon-carbon triple bond.
B)a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen group.
C)a six-membered ring with three double bonds.
D)at least one double bond between carbon and oxygen.
E)one or more bonds between carbon and nitrogen.

Question 17

Which family of organic compounds does not contain any multiple bonds?

A)alkyl halides
B)alkenes
C)alkynes
D)aldehydes
E)ketones

Question 18

Which of the statements about the behavior of the element carbon in organic molecules is incorrect?

A)Carbon can be involved in polar covalent bonds.
B)Carbon can form single,double,or triple bonds with other carbon atoms.
C)Carbon always forms four bonds.
D)When carbon forms four single bonds,the bond angles are 90°.
E)In addition to other carbon atoms,carbon is likely to form bonds with hydrogen,nitrogen,or oxygen.

Question 19

The functional group illustrated by ROR' is an

A)alkyl.
B)alcohol.
C)ether.
D)ester.
E)aldehyde.

Question 20

Which atom is most likely to form a polar covalent bond with carbon?

A)C
B)H
C)Na
D)S
E)O

Question 21

All of the choices listed are representations of the same molecule except ________.

A)C₅H₁₂
B)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)

D)

E)(C H₃)₂CH CH₂CH₃

Question 22

How many structural isomers are possible for the molecular formula,C₄H₁₀?

A)3
B)2
C)1
D)4
E)5

Question 23

How many carbon atoms are there in the longest continuous chain of the molecule shown?
(CH₃)₃C(CH₂)₃CH₃

A)8
B)6
C)4
D)3
E)cannot be determined without additional information

Question 24

What is the relationship between the following molecules?

A)They are identical.
B)They are isomers of each other.
C)They are different molecules which are not isomers.
D)none of the above

Question 25

The alcohol functional group has

A)a carbon-carbon triple bond.
B)a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen group.
C)a six-membered ring with three double bonds.
D)a double bond between carbon and oxygen.
E)one or more bonds between carbon and nitrogen.

Question 26

All of the following are representations of the same molecule except ________.

A)C₄H₈
B)cyclobutane
C)CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂
D)

Question 27

The carbon skeleton of an alkane is shown below.How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon marked with a *?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 28

Which list includes all the elements that would be found in an alkane with an amine group?

A)C,H
B)C,H,O
C)C,H,N
D)C,H,O,H
E)H,N

Question 29

Which molecule is not an isomer of the molecule shown?
C₂H₅OC₂H₅

A)CH₃OCH₂CH₂CH₃
B)C₄H₉OH
C)

D)

E)

Question 30

Explain the term "functional group." How do organic chemists use the functional group concept?

Question 31

The carbon skeleton of an alkane is shown below.How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon marked with a *?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 32

In straight-chain alkanes,the carbon atoms on each end of the molecule always form bonds with ________ atoms of hydrogen; the carbons within the molecule always form bonds with ________ hydrogen atoms.

A)4; 4
B)4; 2
C)3; 3
D)3; 2
E)2; 2

Question 33

Which of the following is a correct line structure for the following molecule?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 34

Which of the following line structures are of the same compound?

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and IV
D)All of them are the same.

Question 35

Which molecule is an isomer of the molecule shown?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃

Question 36

The name of the hydrocarbon with three carbon atoms and having only single bonds between carbon atoms is

A)decane.
B)butane.
C)propane.
D)ethane.
E)methane.

Question 37

Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with the atoms connected differently are referred to as

A)normal alkanes.
B)branched alkanes.
C)functional groups.
D)constitutional isomers.
E)conformations.

Question 38

Which of the following is an isomer of the molecule shown below?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₃
B)CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 39

The various shapes taken on by an organic molecule are known as ________.

A)conformations
B)constitutional isomers
C)preferential isomers
D)configurations
E)none of the above

Question 40

The carbon atom marked with * is a ________ carbon atom.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of these

Question 41

The molecule shown is named as a substituted ________ because ________.

A)decane; it contains 10 atoms of carbon.
B)hexane; it contains six atoms of carbon in its longest chain.
C)tetramethane; it contains four methyl groups as branches.
D)hexamethane; it contains six methyl groups altogether.
E)butane; four carbons are substituted onto the chain.

Question 42

The carbon atom marked with * is a ________ carbon atom.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of these

Question 43

The name of the following structure will include the following parent name:

A)ethane
B)butane
C)hexane
D)octane
E)pentane

Question 44

The condensed structure of 2,2,4,4-tetramethylheptane is ________.

A)

B)CH₃ CH₃ CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)

D)

E)

Question 45

The condensed structure of n-octane is ________.

A)

B)CH₃ CH₃ CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)

D)

E)

Question 46

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?
(CH₃)₃CCH₂CH₂CH₃

A)1,1,1-trimethylbutane
B)2,2-dimethylpentane
C)2-dimethylpentane
D)2-ethylhexane
E)heptane

Question 47

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)2-ethyl-4-methylheptane
B)4-methyl-2-ethylheptane
C)4,6-dimethyloctane
D)3,5-dimethyloctane
E)6-ethyl-4-methylheptane

Question 48

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)hexane
B)isohexane
C)ethylmethylpropane
D)dimethylbutane
E)2,2-dimethylbutane

Question 49

The carbon skeleton of an alkane is shown below.How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon marked with a *?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 50

What is the minimum number of carbons that must be present in a molecule to have a secondary carbon?

A)3
B)1
C)2
D)4
E)5

Question 51

The condensed structure of 2,4-dimethylheptane is ________.

A)

B)CH₃ CH₃ CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)

D)

E)

Question 52

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)4-propyldecane
B)4-isopropyldecane
C)3-hexyl-2-methylhexane
D)4-isobutyldecane
E)4-sec-butyldecane

Question 53

The condensed structure of 2,4-dimethyloctane is ________.

A)

B)CH₃ CH₃ CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)

D)

E)

Question 54

How many carbon atoms are there in the longest continuous chain of the molecule shown?
(CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)₅CH₃

A)9
B)8
C)7
D)5
E)cannot be determined without additional information

Question 55

The carbon atom marked with * is a ________ carbon atom.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)none of these

Question 56

The condensed structure of 2,4-dimethylhexane is ________.

A)

B)CH₃ CH₃ CH₂CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)

D)

E)

Question 57

Which group is the best description of the properties of alkanes?

A)flammable,reactive,water soluble
B)non-flammable,non-polar,water soluble
C)flammable,non-reactive,insoluble in water
D)non-flammable,polar,reactive
E)none of the above

Question 58

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylhexane
B)3,5-dimethyl-2-ethylhexane
C)2,4,5-trimethylheptane
D)3,4,6-trimethylheptane
E)5-ethyl-2,4-dimethylhexane

Question 59

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)2-methyl-2-propylbutane
B)2-ethyl-2-methylpentane
C)2,2-ethyl-methylpentane
D)3,3-dimethylhexane
E)isooctane

Question 60

In the molecule 3,3-dimethylhexane,carbon number two is

A)primary.
B)secondary.
C)tertiary.
D)quaternary.
E)none of the above

Question 61

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
aromatic

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 62

What is the IUPAC name of the molecule shown?

A)dimethylcyclobutane
B)cyclohexane
C)1,2-dimethylcyclobutane
D)2,3-dimethylcyclobutane
E)3,4-dimethylcyclobutane

Question 63

Which is not a property of most alkanes?

A)soluble in water
B)light odor
C)colorless
D)burn readily in an open flame
E)They are all properties of alkanes.

Question 64

How many hydrogens are present in a molecule composed of a six membered ring of carbon atoms and no double or triple bonds?

A)12
B)10
C)14
D)16
E)24

Question 65

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
ester

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 66

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
amine

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 67

What is the IUPAC name of the molecule shown?

A)dimethylcyclobutane
B)cyclohexane
C)1,2-dimethylcyclobutane
D)1,1-dimethylcyclobutane
E)2,2-dimethylcyclobutane

Question 68

When hydrocarbons undergo complete combustion,the product(s)is(are)

A)CO₂ and O₂.
B)CO₂.
C)CO₂ and H₂O.
D)H₂O and O₂.
E)H₂O.

Question 69

When hydrocarbons undergo incomplete combustion,the product(s)is(are)

A)CO₂ and O₂.
B)CO,H₂O and soot.
C)CO₂ and H₂O.
D)H₂O and O₂.
E)H₂O.

Question 70

How many hydrogen atoms are present in the molecule shown?

A)6
B)18
C)14
D)16
E)12

Question 71

Which substance is not reactive with respect to alkanes?

A)H₂
B)Cl₂
C)O₂
D)Br₂
E)none of the above

Question 72

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
carboxylic acid

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 73

Alkanes are ________ in water and ________ than water.

A)insoluble,less dense
B)soluble,less dense
C)insoluble,more dense
D)soluble,more dense

Question 74

A correct name for the following compound is ________.

A)1-bromo-3-ethyl-1-methylcyclopropane
B)1-bromo-2-ethyl-1-methylcyclopropane
C)1-bromo-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopropane
D)2-bromo-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopropane
E)1-bromo-3-ethyl-3-methylcyclopropane

Question 75

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
alkyl halide

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 76

When an alkane reacts with an element from group 7A,the reaction is referred to as

A)combustion.
B)decomposition.
C)displacement.
D)halogenation.
E)oxidation.

Question 77

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
ketone

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 78

Match the name of the functional group with the molecule which correctly illustrates it.
alcohol

A)CH₃CH₂Br
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)C C OC C
I)
J)

Question 79

Monochlorination of pentane,C₅H₁₂,leads to formation of how many different products?

A)3
B)2
C)1
D)4
E)5

Question 80

Which of the following properties is not characteristic of alkanes?

A)Their melting points increase with molecular weight.
B)They are generally less dense than water.
C)They are tasteless and colorless.
D)They are nontoxic.
E)They form strong hydrogen bonds.