Deck 16: Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)4-heptanone
B)3-heptanone
C)5-methyl-4-hexanone
D)2-methyl-3-hexanone
E)isopropyl n-propyl ketone

Answer 1

2-methyl-3-hexanone

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name for diisopropyl ketone?

A)2,2-dimethyl-3-pentanone
B)2-dimethyl-3-pentanone
C)2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone
D)2,4-dimethyl-3-propanone

Answer 2

2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone

Question 3

Which molecule is formaldehyde?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Answer 3

Question 4

Which of the following names does not fit a real compound?

A)3-methyl-2-pentanal
B)4-methylpentanal
C)3-ethylpentanal
D)ethanal
E)All are correct.

Question 5

The correct name for CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CHO is

A)2-methylbutanal.
B)3-methyl-1-butanal.
C)3-methylbutanal.
D)isopentanal.
E)3-methyl-1-butanone.

Question 6

The correct name for CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂COCH₃ is

A)2-methyl-4-pentanone.
B)4-methyl-2-pentanone.
C)2-methyl-4-butanone.
D)4-methyl-2-butanone.
E)isobutyl acetone.

Question 7

Which molecule is 2-butanone?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 8

The IUPAC name for acetone is

A)2-propanal.
B)3-propanal.
C)2-propanone.
D)1-propanone.
E)dimethyl ketone.

Question 9

Which molecule is a ketone?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 10

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown?

A)2-methyl-4-butanone
B)2-methyl-1-butanone
C)2-methylbutanal
D)3-methylbutanal
E)isopentanal

Question 11

All of the statements concerning the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones are true except

A)the bond is polar,with a slight negative charge on the oxygen atom.
B)the bond angles about the central carbon atom are 120°.
C)the carbonyl group is planar.
D)in condensed form the carbonyl group can be written as -CHO.
E)because the bond is polar,carbonyl groups readily form hydrogen bonds with each other.

Question 12

One of the major differences between aldehydes and ketones as compared to other carbonyl compounds is that in aldehydes and ketones

A)the molar masses tend to be much smaller than in the other types of compounds.
B)the carbonyl carbon has bond angles of 120°C,unlike the comparable bond angles in other carbonyl compounds.
C)the polar carbon-oxygen bond is less reactive than the hydrocarbon portion of the molecule.
D)the carbonyl group carbon atom is bonded to atoms that do not attract electrons strongly.
E)none of the above

Question 13

Which type of compound does not contain a carbonyl group?

A)aldehyde
B)amine
C)carboxylic acid
D)ester
E)ketone

Question 14

Which molecule is an aldehyde?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 15

The IUPAC name for dimethyl ketone is

A)2-propanal.
B)3-propanal.
C)2-propanone.
D)1-propanone.
E)acetone.

Question 16

Which molecule is propanal?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 17

Which of the following names does not fit a real compound?

A)3-methyl-1-pentanone
B)2-methyl-3-pentanone
C)2-butanone
D)3-octanone
E)All are correct.

Question 18

Which is the correct systematic name for the molecule shown?

A)methyl propyl ketone
B)propyl methyl ketone
C)ethyl methyl acetone
D)3-hexanone
E)4-hexanone

Question 19

The carbonyl group is

A)a general term for any functional group involving a carbon-oxygen bond.
B)found only in aldehydes and ketones.
C)a functional group in which carbon and oxygen are joined by a double bond.
D)a functional group with a 6-membered ring where at least one atom is oxygen.
E)produced by reduction reactions of primary or secondary alcohols.

Question 20

Which molecule is acetone?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 21

Which of the following is not a property of aldehydes and ketones?

A)They are polar.
B)Most have distinctive odors.
C)They have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar molar mass.
D)They have higher boiling points than alkanes of similar molar mass.
E)They cannot form hydrogen bonds with water because they have no hydrogen atoms bonded to oxygen.

Question 22

Oxidation of an aldehyde produces a

A)carboxylic acid.
B)primary alcohol.
C)secondary alcohol.
D)tertiary alcohol.
E)ketone.

Question 23

All of the following statements about oxidation of carbonyls are true except

A)oxidation of aldehydes produces carboxylic acids.
B)oxidation of ketones produces esters.
C)Tollens' test involves reduction of Ag⁺.
D)Benedict's test involves reduction of Cu²⁺.
E)none of the above

Question 24

Which compound has the lowest boiling point?

A)CH₃CHO
B)CH₃CH₂CHO
C)CH₃CH₂OH
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
E)CH₃COCH₃

Question 25

Which compound has the highest boiling point?

A)CH₃CHO
B)CH₃CH₂CHO
C)CH₃CH₂OH
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
E)CH₃COCH₃

Question 26

All of the following are properties of acetone except

A)volatility.
B)flammability.
C)intoxication.
D)solvent for organic substances.
E)nutrient.

Question 27

All of the following statements about oxidation of carbonyls are true except

A)the Tollens' test involves oxidation of Ag⁺.
B)the Benedict's test involves reduction of Cu²⁺.
C)oxidation of aldehydes produces carboxylic acids.
D)ketones do not react with mild oxidizing agents.
E)All of the statements are true.

Question 28

Which observation denotes a positive Tollens' test?

A)The light blue color of the reagent disappears.
B)A brick-red precipitate forms.
C)A silver deposit forms on the glass surface.
D)A silver wire dissolves.
E)Bubbles of oxygen gas are produced.

Question 29

Oxidation of a ketone produces

A)a carboxylic acid.
B)a primary alcohol.
C)a secondary alcohol.
D)an aldehyde.
E)no reaction.

Question 30

Which compound has the lowest boiling point?

A)CH₃CH₂OH
B)CH₃CH₂CHO
C)CH₃CH₂CH₃
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
E)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 31

Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point:
acetone,n-butane,propanal,1-propanol,2-propanol.
Explain the reasons for your arrangement.

Question 32

The common name of an industrial solvent used in many manufacturing processes is methyl ethyl ketone.The correct systematic name and structural formula of this compound are:

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 33

In the Benedict's test,

A)an aldehyde is oxidized.
B)a silver mirror is produced.
C)the copper (II)ion is oxidized.
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 34

What is the product of oxidation of butanal?

A)butane
B)2-butanol
C)butanoic acid
D)1-butanol
E)no reaction

Question 35

All of the following are true concerning a two-carbon aldehyde except

A)its condensed formula is C

CHO.
B)its systematic name is ethanal.
C)its common name is acetaldehyde.
D)it has a higher boiling point than an alcohol of similar molecular weight.
E)its structural formula is:

.

Question 36

Tollens' reagent is used to

A)distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
B)reduce aldehydes.
C)reduce ketones.
D)oxidize ketones.
E)distinguish amines from aldehydes.

Question 37

Which compound will give a positive Tollens' test?

A)2-pentanone
B)3-pentanone
C)pentanoic acid
D)pentane
E)pentanal

Question 38

All of the following are true concerning a three-carbon ketone except

A)its condensed formula is CH₃COCH₃.
B)its systematic name is propanone.
C)its common name is acetone.
D)another acceptable name is methyl ethyl ketone.
E)its structural formula is

.

Question 39

Which of the following is a use of formaldehyde?

A)flavoring
B)hormone
C)preservative
D)sweetener
E)solvent

Question 40

Which observation denotes a positive Benedict's test?

A)A red-brown solution becomes clear and colorless.
B)A red precipitate forms from a blue solution.
C)A purple solution yields a brown precipitate.
D)A mirror-like deposit forms from a colorless solution.
E)A pale yellow solution with an odor of chlorine changes to a purple color.

Question 41

What is the product of the oxidation of a ketone?

A)an alcohol
B)an aldehyde
C)a carboxylic acid
D)a hemiacetal
E)None,ketones don't oxidize.

Question 42

The substance that precipitates in a positive Benedict test is ________.

A)Ag
B)CuO
C)Cu₂O
D)none of these

Question 43

In biochemical reactions,reduction of carbonyl groups is carried out by

A)NaBH₄.
B)H₂.
C)pyruvic acid.
D)lactic acid.
E)NADH.

Question 44

Reduction of a ketone produces a(an)

A)carboxylic acid.
B)primary alcohol.
C)secondary alcohol.
D)tertiary alcohol.
E)aldehyde.

Question 45

A compound with an -OH group and an ether-like -OR group bonded to the same carbon atom is

A)an acetal.
B)an aldol.
C)a diol.
D)a hemiacetal.
E)a simple ether.

Question 46

What is the product of reduction of butanal?

A)butane
B)2-butanol
C)butanoic acid
D)1-butanol
E)no reaction

Question 47

What reaction conditions are needed to cause formation of an acetal from the same reactants that form hemiacetals?

A)high temperature
B)excess aldehyde or ketone as reactant
C)limited amount of alcohol as reactant
D)metallic catalyst
E)acid catalyst

Question 48

A compound with two ether-like OR groups bonded to the same carbon atom is

A)an acetal.
B)an aldol.
C)a diol.
D)a hemiacetal.
E)a simple ether.

Question 49

The reverse reaction of acetal formation is

A)oxidation.
B)reduction.
C)hydrolysis.
D)combustion.
E)esterification.

Question 50

Which of the following products is formed when hydrogen is reacted with 3-methyl-2-butanone?

A)a primary alcohol
B)a secondary alcohol
C)a tertiary alcohol
D)an acetal

Question 51

Which pair of compounds can react to form a hemiacetal?

A)CH₃CH₂CHO and CH₃CH₂OH
B)CH₃COCH₃ and CH₃CH₂CHO
C)CH₃CH₂CHO and CH₃COOH
D)CH₃COCH₃ and CH₃COOH
E)CH₃COOH and CH₃CH₂OH

Question 52

What is the product of the reduction of 3-methyl-2-pentanone?

A)3-methyl-2-pentanol
B)2-methyl-3-pentanol
C)3-methyl-2-pentanal
D)3-methyl-2-pentene
E)no reaction

Question 53

The result of a hydrolysis reaction is what?

A)getting the chemicals wet
B)having an oxidation reduction reaction result in hydration of the molecule
C)splitting of a molecule into the component substances
D)one that forms water upon reaction
E)addition of water across a double bond

Question 54

What is the product of oxidation of 2-butanone?

A)butanal
B)2-butanol
C)butanoic acid
D)1-butanol
E)no reaction

Question 55

Reduction of an aldehyde produces a

A)carboxylic acid.
B)primary alcohol.
C)secondary alcohol.
D)tertiary alcohol.
E)ketone.

Question 56

What is the element that causes oxidation in the Tollens' test for aldehydes?

A)silver
B)copper
C)gold
D)platinum
E)lead

Question 57

Reduction of aldehydes and ketones is a

A)one-step reaction involving the H^- ion.
B)one-step reaction involving the H⁺ ion.
C)two-step reaction involving the H^- and H⁺ ions.
D)two-step reaction involving the OH^- and H⁺ ions.
E)two-step reaction involving the H^- and OH^- ions.

Question 58

What is the major organic product of the following reaction?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 59

What is the product of reduction of 2-butanone?

A)butanal
B)2-butanol
C)butanoic acid
D)1-butanol
E)no reaction

Question 60

Which compound will give a positive Tollens' test?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 61

Match the following.
an example of a ketone

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 62

Match the following.
propanone

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 63

Match the following.
an example of a hemiacetal

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 64

Match the following.
methanal

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 65

Match the following.
acetal

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 66

Since hemiacetals are unstable,they are seldom found in significant quantities in reaction mixtures.An exception to this statement is the formation of hemiacetals

A)from carbonyl compounds and alcohols with identical R groups.
B)from aldehyde and alcohol groups within the same molecule.
C)from carbonyl compounds and alcohols with different R groups.
D)in an acid-catalyzed reaction.
E)in a base-catalyzed reaction.

Question 67

Which of the following is a hemiacetal?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 68

Match the following.
hemiacetal

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 69

Match the following.
carbonyl

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 70

Which of the following is an acetal?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 71

To what class of compounds does glucose belong?

A)cyclic ketone
B)cyclic aldehyde
C)cyclic acetal
D)cyclic hemiacetal
E)cyclic acid

Question 72

Match the following.
aldehyde

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 73

Match the following.
ketone

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 74

Hydrolysis of an acetal will produce

A)one aldehyde or ketone + two ethers.
B)two aldehydes or ketones + one ether.
C)two aldehydes or ketones + one alcohol.
D)one aldehyde or ketone + two alcohols.
E)one aldehyde or ketone + two waters.

Question 75

Match the following.
an example of an aldol

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 76

Match the following.
an example of an aldehyde

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)

Question 77

Match the following.
an example of an acetal

A)
B)CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂ H₂CHO
D)the simplest aldehyde,also named formaldehyde
E)the simplest ketone,also named acetone
F)a functional group consisting of a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom
G)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to to a carbon that is bonded
to one hydrogen atom and two other carbon atoms.
H)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to both an alcohol-like group and an ether-like group.
I)a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms
J)a compound with a carbon atom that is bonded to two ether-like groups.
K)
L)