Deck 3: Ionic Compounds

Question 1

How are noble gases related to the octet rule?

Answer 1

Noble gases,except helium,illustrate the stability of elements with a full outer shell (an octet).These elements are unreactive because their valence shell is filled.Helium is also grouped with these elements because it is unreactive due to its filled 1s shell.

Question 2

Main group elements that are non-metals usually ________ one or more electrons to form ________,which have a ________ charge.

A)lose;anions;negative
B)lose;cations;negative
C)lose;cations;positive
D)gain;cations;positive
E)gain;anions;negative

Answer 2

gain;anions;negative

Question 3

Briefly explain how the octet rule determines the charge,both sign and magnitude,of an ion.

Answer 3

The octet rule states that main group elements will do chemistry in order to have eight electrons in their outer shell.If an atom has one or two electrons past an octet,it will lose the appropriate number to have a full outer shell,resulting in a positively charged ion.If an atom is one or two electrons away from having an octet,it will gain the appropriate number,resulting in a negatively charged ion.

Question 4

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a +2 charge?

A)Mg
B)Si
C)S
D)K
E)Br

Question 5

When an atom donates an electron,that electron

A)is lost for all time.
B)is acquired by another atom which becomes an anion.
C)is acquired by another atom which becomes a cation.
D)neutralizes a proton to form a neutron.
E)pairs with another electron to form a covalent bond.

Question 6

The charge on a sulfide ion is

A)3+.
B)2+.
C)0.
D)2-.
E)3-.

Question 7

Main group elements that are metals usually ________ one or more electrons to form ________,which have a ________ charge.

A)lose;anions;negative
B)lose;cations;negative
C)lose;cations;positive
D)gain;cations;positive
E)gain;anions;negative

Question 8

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns²np⁴?

A)2-
B)1-
C)2+
D)4+
E)6+

Question 9

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns²np¹?

A)3-
B)1-
C)1+
D)3+
E)5+

Question 10

A positively charged particle formed by loss of one or more electrons from an atom is called a(an)

A)anion.
B)cation.
C)isotope.
D)nucleus.
E)proton.

Question 11

One characteristic of a cation is that

A)it has more protons than electrons.
B)it has equal numbers of protons and electrons.
C)it has more electrons than protons.
D)the number of neutrons is related to the number of electrons.
E)the relationship between protons and electrons varies with the cation in question.

Question 12

Which element will form an ion with the greatest positive charge?

A)Al
B)Na
C)Mg
D)Sr
E)P

Question 13

An atom with three valence electrons will most likely ________ to attain an octet of valence electrons.

A)lose three electrons
B)gain three electrons
C)gain five electrons
D)gain one electron
E)lose one electron

Question 14

Which of the following ions does not have the same electron configuration as the noble gas neon?

A)O^-2
B)F^-
C)Al⁺³
D)S^-2
E)Mg⁺²

Question 15

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns¹?

A)7-
B)1-
C)0
D)1+
E)7+

Question 16

A small negatively charged particle formed when an atom gains one or more electrons is called a(an)

A)anion.
B)cation.
C)isotope.
D)nucleus.
E)proton.

Question 17

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns²np⁵?

A)5-
B)1-
C)1+
D)2+
E)5+

Question 18

In order to form an octet,an atom of selenium will

A)lose 6 electrons.
B)gain 6 electrons.
C)lose 2 electrons.
D)gain 2 electrons.
E)gain 3 electrons

Question 19

Predict the charge that would be found on a carbide ion and on a nitride ion.Explain why these ions are seldom found in compounds.

Question 20

What is the valence shell electron configuration of the ion formed from an atom of the halogen family?

A)ns²
B)ns² np²
C)ns² np⁴
D)ns² np⁶
E)ns² np⁸

Question 21

The name of Cu²⁺ is ________ ion or ________ ion.

A)copper;cupric
B)copper(I);cupric
C)copper(II);cupric
D)copper(I);cuprous
E)copper(II);cuprous

Question 22

The name of Cl^- is

A)chlorine ion.
B)chloride ion.
C)chlorate ion.
D)chlorite ion.
E)diatomic chlorine.

Question 23

The property that describes the ease with which an atom gives up an electron to form a positive ion is

A)atomic number.
B)electron affinity.
C)electronegativity.
D)ionization energy.
E)none of the above

Question 24

What is the formula of the nitrate ion?

A)NO₃^2-
B)NO^3-
C)NO₂^1-
D)NO₃^1-
E)none of the above

Question 25

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a -2 charge?

A)Mg
B)Si
C)S
D)K
E)Ti

Question 26

An element belonging to the alkaline earth family would be expected to have a ________ ionization energy and a ________ electron affinity.

A)large;large
B)large;small
C)small;small
D)small;large
E)none of the above

Question 27

The formula PO₄^3- means that this ion is composed of

A)one atom of phosphorus,one atom of oxygen,and three extra electrons.
B)four atoms of phosphorus,four atoms or oxygen,and three extra electrons.
C)one atom of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and three electrons have been lost.
D)one atom of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and three extra electrons.
E)four atoms of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and three electrons have been lost.

Question 28

The name of S^2- is

A)sulfur.
B)sulfate ion.
C)sulfite ion.
D)sulfide ion.
E)sulfurous ion.

Question 29

The HCO₃^1-ion is called

A)hydrogen carbonate.
B)hydrogen carbide.
C)carbide.
D)carbonate.
E)carbonite.

Question 30

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a -1 charge?

A)Mg
B)Si
C)S
D)Cl
E)Sc

Question 31

The property defined as the energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gaseous state is

A)atomic number.
B)electron affinity.
C)ionization energy.
D)electronegativity.
E)none of the above

Question 32

What is the formula of the ammonium ion?

A)Am^-
B)Am⁺
C)NH₄¹⁺
D)NH⁴⁺
E)N₄H¹⁺

Question 33

The permanganate ion is composed of

A)one atom of magnesium,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
B)one atom of manganese,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
C)four atoms of magnesium,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
D)four atoms of manganese,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
E)one manganese(II)ion,four oxide ions,and two extra electrons.

Question 34

Which of the following has the largest ionization energy?

A)Ne
B)Br
C)P
D)Al
E)Ca

Question 35

An element belonging to the halogen family would be expected to have a ________ ionization energy and a ________ electron affinity.

A)large;large
B)large;small
C)small;small
D)small;large
E)none of the above

Question 36

The name of Sn²⁺ is ________ ion or ________ ion.

A)tin;stannous
B)tin(IV);stannic
C)tin(II);stannic
D)tin(IV);stannous
E)tin(II);stannous

Question 37

What is the formula of the carbonate ion?

A)CO₂^3-
B) CO₃^2-
C) C₂O₄^2-
D) C₂O₄^1-
E)C₂H₃O₂^1-

Question 38

The property defined as the energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom is

A)atomic number.
B)electron affinity.
C)electronegativity.
D)ionization energy.
E)none of the above

Question 39

What is the formula of the sulfite ion?

A)SO₃^2-
B)SO₄^2-
C)HSO₄^2-
D)S^2-
E)none of the above

Question 40

Which one of the compounds below is most likely to be ionic?

A)SrBr₂
B)NO₂
C)CBr₄
D)H₂O
E)All of these are ionic.

Question 41

Match the following.
ammonium carbonate

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 42

Which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound if allowed to react together?

A)Al and Si
B)Fe and Ca
C)C and F
D)K and Br
E)H and N

Question 43

Which of the following formulas is incorrect for a cobalt(III)compound?

A)CoCO₃
B)CoCl₃
C)Co₂O₃
D)CoPO₄
E)Co(NO₃)₃

Question 44

The correct Roman numeral for the chromium ion in the compound CrCl₃ is

A)I.
B)II.
C)III.
D)IV.
E)V.

Question 45

Match the following.
aluminum carbonate

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 46

Match the following.
calcium sulfate

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 47

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between lithium and bromide?

A)LiB
B)LiBr
C)Li₂Br
D)LiBr₂
E)Li⁺Br^-

Question 48

A formula unit of ammonium sulfate consists of ________ ammonium ions and ________ sulfate ions.

A)one;two
B)two;one
C)two;three
D)three;two
E)four;four

Question 49

Match the following.
chromium(II)hydroxide

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 50

Which of the following pairs will form ionic bonds with one another?

A)N,C
B)Na,Ca
C)Cs,Br
D)S,Cl
E)F,F

Question 51

Match the following.
potassium sulfide

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 52

Match the following.
sodium acetate

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 53

What is the formula of a compound formed by the ions M²⁺ and X^3-?

A)M₂X₃
B)M₃X₂
C)MX₃
D)M₂X
E)none of the above

Question 54

Match the following.
aluminum phosphate

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 55

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and sulfur?

A)CaS
B)CaSi
C)Ca₂S
D)CaS₂
E)CaSi₂

Question 56

Match the following.
ammonium acetate

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 57

If an element G could react with sulfur to form an ionic compound with formula GS₂,the charge on the ion formed by G would be

A)4-.
B)2-.
C)1+.
D)2+.
E)4+.

Question 58

The formula Ca(NO₃)₂ tells us that one formula unit of this compound is composed of ________ calcium atoms,________ nitrogen atoms,and ________ oxygen atoms.

A)one;two;six
B)two;two;six
C)one;two;five
D)one;one;five
E)one;one;six

Question 59

Which is the correct formula for the ionic compound containing iron(III)ions and oxide ions?

A)FeO
B)FeO₂
C)Fe₂O₂
D)Fe₂O₃
E)Fe₃O₂

Question 60

A formula unit of the ionic compound copper(II)carbonate consists of ________ copper(II)ions and ________ carbonate ions.

A)one;one
B)one;two
C)two;one
D)two;two
E)some other combination of ions

Question 61

Match the following.
sodium nitrite

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 62

A property of ionic compounds is that they are

A)soft.
B)hard.
C)brittle.
D)both B and C
E)A,B,and C are correct.

Question 63

The formula for ammonium hydroxide is

A)OHNH_4.
B)NH₄NO_3.
C)NH₄O.
D)NH₄OH.
E)Al(OH)_3.

Question 64

Iron pyrite (fool's gold)is iron(II)sulfide.What is its formula?

A)FeS
B)FeSO₃
C)FeSO₄
D)Fe₂S₃
E)Fe₂(SO₃)₃

Question 65

Match the following.
iron(II)hydroxide

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 66

What is the formula for calcium phosphate?

A)Ca₃(PO₄)₂
B)Ca₂PO₄
C)Ca₃PO₄
D)Ca₂(PO₃)₃
E)Ca₄(PO₃)₃

Question 67

The formula for potassium dichromate is

A)KCr₂O_7.
B)K₂Cr₂O_7.
C)K₂CrO_4.
D)PCr₂O_7.
E)PCrO_4.

Question 68

The formula for the compound chromium(II)nitrate is

A)C₂NO_3.
B)Cr₂NO_3.
C)CrNO_3.
D)Cr(NO₃)_2.
E)CrNO_2.

Question 69

What ions are formed when sodium hydroxide dissolves in water?

A)H⁺ and OH^-
B)Na⁺ and OH^-
C)H⁺ and Na⁺
D)Only Na⁺
E)Only OH^-

Question 70

Which of the following compounds would have the highest melting point?

A)NaCl
B)LiCl
C)RbCl
D)KCl
E)CsCl

Question 71

One definition of an acid is a substance that provides which ion in water solution?

A)Na⁺
B)H⁺
C)OH^-
D)NH₄⁺
E)none of the above

Question 72

Match the following.
potassium sulfite

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 73

What is the name of AlCl₃?

A)aluminum chloride
B)aluminum(III)chloride
C)aluminum carbide
D)aluminum trichloride
E)aluminum tricarbide

Question 74

What is the name of K₂S?

A)dipotassium sulfide
B)potassium disulfide
C)potassium(II)sulfide
D)potassium sulfide
E)none of the above

Question 75

All of the following are properties typical of ionic compounds except

A)exist as crystalline solids at room temperature.
B)conduct electrical current if dissolved in water.
C)form distinct molecules by interaction of specific particles.
D)have very high melting points and boiling points.
E)shatter when crystals are struck.

Question 76

What is the name of Mg₃(PO₄)₂?

A)trimagnesium diphosphate
B)magnesium diphosphate
C)trimagnesium phosphate
D)magnesium phosphate
E)magnesium phosphorus oxide

Question 77

Match the following.
hydrogen chloride

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)

Question 78

The name of the compound with formula NaMnO₄ is

A)sodium magnesium oxide.
B)sodium magnesium tetraoxide.
C)sodium manganate.
D)sodium permanganate.
E)sodium manganese tetraoxide.

Question 79

What is the name of SnCl₂?

A)ditin chloride
B)tin dichloride
C)tin(II)chloride
D)tin chloride
E)strontium chloride

Question 80

Which of the following formulas represents a compound that is a base?

A)CaSO₄
B)NH₄Cl
C)Mg(OH)₂
D)H₂
E)none of the above