Deck 2: Cells, tissues, organs, and Organ Systems of Animals

Question 1

Membrane proteins that are embedded within the membrane and may function in moving materials across the membrane are called __________ proteins.

A)hydrophobic
B)extrinsic
C)mosaic
D)intrinsic
E)hydrophilic

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The surface to volume ratio of a cell limits

A)the type of organelles present.
B)the organelle/microtubule volume.
C)the number of organelles present.
D)the plasma membrane/DNA volume.
E)the size a cell may reach.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

These structures have recently been shown to act as signal-receiving "antennae" for cells that help them monitor the extracellular environment.

A)vacuoles
B)mitochondria
C)smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D)cilia
E)rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A cell with a membrane-bound nucleus,containing DNA in organized structures called chromosomes is said to be

A)symbiotic.
B)eukaryotic.
C)organoid.
D)prokaryotic.
E)endosymbiotic.

Question 5

The organelle that packages and routes the synthesized products of a eukaryotic cell is the

A)flagellum.
B)ribosome.
C)peroxisome.
D)nucleolus.
E)Golgi apparatus.

Question 6

Which of the following is part of plant cells but not animal cells?

A)mitochondria
B)endoplasmic reticulum
C)plasma membrane
D)cell wall
E)nucleus

Question 7

As the radius of a cell increases,the surface area ______ and the ratio of surface area to volume _______.

A)decreases; increases
B)increases; decreases
C)decreases; remains the same
D)increases; remains the same
E)remains the same; increases

Question 8

These structures are an example of a microbody.

A)ribosome
B)vault
C)peroxisome
D)golgi apparatus
E)rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure was developed by

A)Singer and Nicolson.
B)Garth and Richardson.
C)Schleiden and Schwann.
D)Singer and Schleiden.
E)Johnson and Garth.

Question 10

A cell that has membrane-bound units called organelles and a cytoskeleton is said to be

A)prokaryotic.
B)organoid.
C)eukaryotic.
D)symbiotic.
E)endosymbiotic.

Question 11

Which of the following is found in animal cells,but is not usually found in plant cells?

A)chromosomes
B)Golgi apparatus
C)mitochondria
D)plasma membrane
E)centrioles

Question 12

The ability of a membrane to regulate passage of materials into and out of a cell is called

A)selective permeability.
B)innate regulation.
C)active transport.
D)membrane uniformity.
E)homeostasis.

Question 13

The __________ of the mitochondria function in increasing the inner membranous surface area.

A)centrioles
B)matrix
C)strobili
D)cristae
E)thylakoids

Question 14

Membrane proteins attached to the inner or outer surfaces of plasma membranes are called __________ proteins.

A)intrinsic
B)hydrophobic
C)peripheral
D)hydrophilic
E)mosaic

Question 15

A cell in which the DNA is not bound by a membrane is said to be

A)prokaryotic.
B)organoid.
C)eukaryotic.
D)symbiotic.
E)endosymbiotic.

Question 16

The semifluid phase of the cytoplasm that contains organelles,vesicles,and inclusions,and serves as a medium for metabolic reactions is the

A)nucleoplasm.
B)cytoskeleton.
C)cytosol.
D)peroxisome.
E)plasma membrane.

Question 17

The simplest organization of matter that exhibits the properties of life is the

A)cell.
B)tissue.
C)protein.
D)nucleic acid.
E)organism.

Question 18

An organelle that is used for storage and internal transport,serves as a site for attachment of ribosomes,and makes steroids,is the

A)cytoskeleton.
B)mitochondrion.
C)lysosome.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.
E)centriole.

Question 19

This organelle functions in cell division and organization of the cytoskeleton.

A)mitochondrion
B)centriole
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)chloroplast
E)lysosome

Question 20

The "cell coat," made of surface carbohydrates and portions of proteins,is called the

A)tunic.
B)cell wall.
C)plasma membrane.
D)desmosome.
E)glycocalyx.

Question 21

This carrier protein transports two molecules or ions in opposite directions.

A)Uniporter
B)Symporter
C)Antiporter
D)Cotransporter
E)Proporter

Question 22

The __________ is an organelle inside the nucleus that serves as the pre-assembly point for ribosomes.

A)nucleosome
B)nucleotide
C)nucleoplasm
D)nucleolus
E)nucleoside

Question 23

When molecules bind temporarily with a carrier protein in a cell's membrane and move across the membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration this is known as

A)simple diffusion.
B)endocytosis.
C)receptor-mediated osmosis.
D)active transport.
E)facilitated diffusion.

Question 24

A major function of the cell nucleus is

A)storing proteins.
B)storing genetic information.
C)packaging materials for secretion.
D)packaging ATP for cellular use.
E)serving as a site for protein synthesis.

Question 25

Two important and well-known active transport mechanisms in nerve cells are the __________ pumps.

A)sodium-phosphorus and calcium
B)calcium and sulfur
C)oxygen and carbon dioxide
D)protein and nucleic acid
E)calcium and sodium-potassium

Question 26

The organelle that is especially prominent and well-developed in secretory cells (such as glandular epithelial cells)is the

A)centriole.
B)phagolysosome.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)mitochondrion.
E)peroxisome.

Question 27

Small hydrophilic molecules such as ____________ are sometimes able to enter a cell through an aquaporin.

A)glycerol
B)cholesterol
C)glucose
D)beta carotene
E)vitamin D

Question 28

Which of the following is not an example of an organ system?

A)digestive
B)lymphatic
C)respiratory
D)nervous
E)blood

Question 29

When a plasma membrane encloses small fluid droplets and takes them into the cell,a form of transport known as __________ occurs.

A)active diffusion
B)receptor-mediated exocytosis
C)pinocytosis
D)facilitated diffusion
E)phagocytosis

Question 30

Active transport

A)can only move molecules from higher to lower concentrations.
B)uses cellular energy to move molecules from lower to higher concentrations.
C)moves molecules through protein channels by binding them to large lipid molecules.
D)can only move protein molecules.
E)can only move carbohydrate molecules.

Question 31

The nuclear envelope is continuous with the __________ at a number of points.

A)plasma membrane
B)Golgi apparatus
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)mitochondria
E)cytoskeleton

Question 32

The structures which are elongated appendages used for propelling the cell or for moving material over the cell surface are the

A)cilia and flagella.
B)axonemes and myonemes.
C)basal bodies and centrioles.
D)microtubules and microfilaments.
E)axopodia and myopodia.

Question 33

The type of tissue that covers or lines structures is

A)epithelial tissue.
B)fibrous tissue.
C)adipose tissue.
D)contractile tissue.
E)skeletal tissue.

Question 34

The form of transport involved when blood pressure forces water and small dissolved molecules into kidney tubules is

A)osmosis.
B)simple diffusion.
C)complex diffusion.
D)filtration.
E)facilitated diffusion.

Question 35

________ are newly discovered organelles believed to aid in transport of messenger RNA into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.

A)Vaults
B)Ribosomes
C)Peroxisomes
D)Nucleoli
E)Centrioles

Question 36

The protein composing the filaments inside cilia and flagella is

A)tubulin.
B)actin.
C)myosin.
D)mucin.
E)collagen.

Question 37

Structures associated with the endoplasmic reticulum,necessary for protein synthesis are the

A)desmosomes.
B)ribosomes.
C)peroxisomes.
D)chromosomes.
E)nucleosomes.

Question 38

Cells placed in this type of solution will shrivel.

A)isotonic
B)water
C)hypertonic
D)hypotonic
E)metatonic

Question 39

When cells such as white blood cells of a vertebrate engulf bacteria,the membrane transport mechanism used is

A)receptor-mediated endocytosis.
B)active transport.
C)passive transport.
D)phagocytosis.
E)exocytosis.

Question 40

Water molecules move through selectively permeable membranes from areas of high concentration of water to areas of lower concentration by

A)simple diffusion.
B)endocytosis.
C)osmosis.
D)facilitated diffusion.
E)hydrostatic infusion.

Question 41

__________ transport molecules made in the nucleus to various parts of the cell.

A)Centrioles
B)Barrels
C)Vaults
D)Autosomes
E)Motorists

Question 42

Spaces within bone or cartilage which house the living cells are called

A)chondrocytes.
B)lacunae.
C)osteoclasts.
D)intercalations.
E)cristae.

Question 43

There are three types of muscle tissue,yet they all share one common feature.Of the following,which describes this feature?

A)The cells in muscle tissue can shorten and accomplish movement.
B)Muscle tissue is attached to the skeleton of the body.
C)Muscle tissue is striated.
D)The cells in muscle tissue all have a centrally located nucleus.

Question 44

Which of the following are functions of exosomes?

A)Contain cell-specific payloads of proteins.
B)May alter cellular functions.
C)Secreted by most types of cells.
D)Both A and B.
E)A,B and C.

Question 45

Heart,lungs,and liver are examples of functional units called

A)tissues.
B)organelles.
C)systems.
D)histological entities.
E)organs.

Question 46

The basic function of neurons is to conduct a nerve impulse.

Question 47

Blood is considered to be a/an __________ tissue.

A)epithelial
B)liquid
C)hyaline
D)connective
E)adipose

Question 48

Two organelles called __________ lie at right angles to each other near the nucleus and are involved with movement of the chromosomes during cell division.

A)centrioles
B)centrosomes
C)centromeres
D)concentricyclones
E)cycloses

Question 49

Fibrous connective tissue in the form of __________ connects bones to bones.

A)ligaments
B)fascia
C)tendons
D)adipose tissue
E)hyaline cartilage