Deck 22: Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Question 1

Isotopes of hydrogen ________.

A)have the same atomic number and different mass numbers
B)have the same atomic number and the same mass number
C)have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers
D)have different atomic numbers and the same mass number
E)are exactly alike

Answer 1

have the same atomic number and different mass numbers

Question 2

Which of the following would produce an acidic solution?

A)Na₂O and MgO
B)Na₂O, MgO, and CaH₂
C) only
D)CaH₂ only
E)CO, CO₂, and CaH₂

Answer 2

only

Question 3

The heavier noble gases are more reactive than the lighter ones because ________.

A)the lighter noble gases exist as diatomic molecules
B)the lighter noble gases have complete octets
C)the heavier noble gases are more abundant
D)the heavier noble gases have low ionization energies relative to the lighter ones
E)the heavier noble gases have greater electron affinities

Answer 3

the heavier noble gases have low ionization energies relative to the lighter ones

Question 4

Of the atoms below,________ is the most effective in forming π bonds.

A)C
B)P
C)N
D)Si
E)Ge

Question 5

Which halogen is the most easily oxidized?

A)F
B)Cl
C)Br
D)I

Question 6

Which of the following compounds is the most stable?

A)XeOCl₄
B)XeO₂Cl₂
C)XeO₃
D)XeCl₆
E)XeCl₂

Question 7

Consider the following xenon compounds:
(i)XeCl₂
(ii)XeCl₄
(iii)XeO₄
(iv)XeOCl₄
(v)XeO₃
Which of the compounds is(are)polar?

A)(i)only
B)(iii)and (iv)
C)(iv)and (v)
D)(ii)and (iii)
E)(iv)only

Question 8

Chlorine can have a positive oxidation state ________.

A)if it combines with bromine or iodine
B)if it combines with oxygen or fluorine
C)if it combines with hydrogen
D)if it combines with an alkali metal
E)in its elemental form

Question 9

Which of the following would produce a basic solution?

A)Na₂O and CaO
B)CO and CO₂
C)CaH₂ only
D)Na₂O, CaO, and CaH₂
E)CO, CO₂, and CaH₂

Question 10

The interhalogen compound ICl₃ can form but BrCl₃ cannot form.This is because ________.

A)iodine is large enough to accommodate three chlorine atoms around itself but bromine is not
B)bromine is not electronegative enough to react with chlorine
C)bromine is too electronegative to react with chlorine
D)iodine can have a positive oxidation state but bromine cannot
E)iodine can have a negative oxidation state but bromine cannot

Question 11

Which noble gas is known to form a variety of binary compounds?

A)Xe
B)He
C)Ne
D)Ar
E)Kr

Question 12

Interhalogen compounds ________.

A)are exceedingly reactive
B)contain halogens in both positive and negative oxidation states
C)are powerful oxidizing agents
D)all of the above

Question 13

Water gas is ________.

A)H₂O and H₂
B)CO₂ and O₂
C)H₂O and CO₂
D)H₂O and CO
E)H₂ and CO

Question 14

How are the oxygen-containing compounds of xenon made?

A)by direct combination of the elements
B)by reaction of xenon with peroxide
C)by thermal decomposition of the xenon hydroxide
D)by reaction of the corresponding xenon fluoride with water
E)Xenon is inert and does not form compounds with oxygen.

Question 15

Which elemental halogen(s)can be used to prepare from NaI?

A)F₂ only
B)Cl₂ only
C)Br₂ only
D)both Cl₂ and Br₂, but not F₂
E)F₂, Cl₂, and Br₂

Question 16

Which equation correctly represents the reaction between silica and hydrofluoric acid?

A)SiCl₄ + 4HF → SiF₄ + 4HCl
B)SiO₂ + 6HF → H₂SiF₆ + 2H₂O
C)SiCl₂ + 2HF → SiF₂ + 2HCl
D)SiH₄ + 4HF → SiF₄ + 4H₂
E)none of the above

Question 17

How many oxygen atoms are bonded to each silicon atom in SiO₂?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)none

Question 18

What method is used to produce the most hydrogen gas in the United States?

A)electrolysis of water
B)reaction of zinc with acid
C)reaction of methane with steam
D)reaction of coke (carbon)with steam
E)reaction of metallic sodium with water

Question 19

What is the primary commercial use of hydrogen in the United States?

A)as a rocket fuel, especially on the space shuttle
B)hydrogenation of vegetable oils
C)manufacture of methanol
D)manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process
E)as an automobile fuel

Question 20

Which one of the following is false concerning tritium?

A)It is radioactive, emitting alpha particles with a half-life of 12.3 yr.
B)It can be produced by neutron bombardment of lithium-6.
C)It has the same chemical properties as protium but reacts more slowly.
D)The atomic number of tritium is 1.

Question 21

What is the major commercial source of elemental sulfur?

A)sulfide minerals
B)sulfate minerals
C)underground deposits of elemental sulfur
D)seawater
E)coal and petroleum

Question 22

________ are typically basic while ________ are typically acidic.

A)Nonmetal oxides, metal oxides
B)Metals, nonmetals
C)Metal oxides, nonmetal oxides
D)Nonmetals, metals

Question 23

Which one of the following is true concerning pure hydrazine?

A)It is a weak reducing agent.
B)It can be made by reaction of nitrogen and ammonia.
C)It is used as a rocket fuel.
D)It is a hydride of oxygen.
E)It is a hydride of ammonia.

Question 24

The oxidation number of N in NO₃^- is ________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 25

The Ostwald process is by which NH₃ is converted commercially into ________.

A)HNO₃
B)NO
C)NO₂
D)N₂O₃
E)N₂O₅

Question 26

The oxidation state of fluorine in its compounds is ________.

A)positive unless it combines with another halogen
B)negative unless it combines with another halogen
C)negative unless it combines with oxygen
D)negative unless it combines with an active metal
E)always negative

Question 27

Which form of elemental sulfur is the most stable at room temperature?

A)rhombic sulfur
B)monoclinic
C)hexagonal
D)triclinic
E)tetraclinic

Question 28

The prefix thio- denotes ________.

A)replacement of an oxygen atom by a sulfur atom
B)a sulfur-sulfur double bond
C)sulfur in a negative oxidation state
D)a sulfur-oxygen double bond
E)an allotropic form of sulfur

Question 29

Which of the following statements is false?

A)Ozone is a better reducing agent than O₂ (g).
B)Ozone is produced by passing electricity through dry O₂ (g).
C)Ozone oxidizes all of the common metals except gold and platinum.
D)Ozone decomposes to O₂ and O.
E)Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen.

Question 30

Which of the following react with oxygen to form superoxides?

A)Ca
B)Na
C)K
D)Sr
E)Ba

Question 31

Amphoteric oxides are also known as ________.

A)basic oxides
B)basic anhydrides
C)acidic oxides
D)acidic anhydrides
E)none of the above

Question 32

Nearly all commercial oxygen is obtained ________.

A)from air
B)by electrolysis of water
C)by thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate
D)by thermal cracking of petroleum
E)as a byproduct of the preparation of aluminum in the Hall process

Question 33

The most stable allotrope of oxygen is ________.

A)H₂O
B)O₃
C)O₂
D)HClO
E)O

Question 34

The oxidation numbers of sulfur in the sulfate ion,sulfite ion,sulfur trioxide,and hydrogen sulfide are ________,________,________,and ________,respectively.

A)+4, -2, +4, +6
B)+6, +2, +4, +6
C)+6, +4, +6, -2
D)+4, +6, +4, -2
E)-2, +6, -2, 0

Question 35

Which one of the following is sodium thiosulfate?

A)Na₂SO₄
B)Na₂SO₃
C)Na₂S₂O₃
D)Na₂S₄O₆
E)Na₂S

Question 36

What sulfur compound is used to sterilize wine?

A)H₂SO₄
B)H₂S
C)Na₂SO₃
D)SO₂
E)Na₂S

Question 37

Which element in group 6A is not capable of having an expanded valence shell?

A)sulfur
B)tellurium
C)selenium
D)oxygen
E)polonium

Question 38

A disproportionation reaction is one in which ________.

A)a single element is both oxidized and reduced
B)a compound is separated into its constituent elements
C)the ratio of combination of two elements in a compound changes
D)aqueous ions combine to form an insoluble salt
E)an insoluble salt separates into ions

Question 39

Which element in group 7A is not capable of having an expanded valence shell?

A)astatine
B)fluorine
C)chlorine
D)bromine
E)iodine

Question 40

The oxidation state of oxygen in OF₂ is ________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)0
D)-1
E)-2

Question 41

Which one of the following is false concerning buckminsterfullerene?

A)It is the most recently discovered crystalline allotrope of carbon.
B)It consists of individual molecules like C₆₀ and C₇₀.
C)It is a molecular form of carbon.
D)It is made up of Cl₂ molecules.
E)It is made up of molecules that resemble soccer balls.

Question 42

What are the products of the reaction of PF₃ (g)and water?

A)phosphorous acid and hydrofluoric acid
B)elemental phosphorus and hydrofluoric acid
C)phosphoric acid and fluorine gas
D)elemental phosphorus and fluorine gas
E)phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid

Question 43

Carbon dioxide is produced ________.

A)in blast furnaces when metal oxides are reduced with CO
B)by combustion of carbon-containing substances in an excess of oxygen
C)when carbonates are heated
D)by fermentation of sugar during the production of ethanol
E)by all of the above processes

Question 44

Which of the following is not an allotropic form of carbon?

A)graphite
B)carbon dioxide
C)diamond
D)buckminsterfullerene
E)All of the above are allotropic forms of carbon.

Question 45

Of the following substances,________ is both a very strong acid and a powerful oxidizing agent.

A)HNO₃
B)H₂SO₄
C)HCl
D)H₃PO₄
E)HF

Question 46

The oxidation numbers of nitrogen in the nitride ion,hydrazine,ammonium cation,and nitrate ion are ________,________,________,and ________,respectively.

A)-3, -2, -3, +5
B)+3, -2, -3, +5
C)+3, -2, +1, +3
D)-3, +2, +1, +5
E)-3, +2, -3, +3

Question 47

Which of the following equations correctly represents the combustion of hydrazine?

A)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ NH₃ (g)+ HNO₂ (g)
B)N₂H₄ (l)+ 2O₂ (g)→ 2NO₂ (g)+ 2H₂ (g)
C)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ 2 NO (g)
D)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ N₂ (g)+ 2 H₂O (g)
E)N₂H₄ (l)+ O₂ (g)→ N₂ (g)+ 2H₂ (g)+ O₂ (g)

Question 48

Which of the following statements best describes graphite?

A)It is a soft, slippery, and black solid that has a metallic luster and conducts electricity.
B)It is a soft, slippery, and black gas that has a metallic luster and conducts electricity.
C)It is a soft, slippery, and black liquid that has a metallic luster and conducts electricity.
D)It is a soft, slippery, and black solid that has a metallic luster and does not conduct electricity.
E)It is a soft, slippery, and black solid that has a nonmetallic dull look and does not conduct electricity.

Question 49

Which of the following would produce the most strongly acidic aqueous solution?

A)HCO₃^-
B)CO
C)CO₂
D)CO₃^2-
E)CaCO₃

Question 50

The reaction between nitrogen dioxide and water is a ________.

A)decomposition
B)combustion
C)disproportionation
D)neutralization
E)replacement

Question 51

Of the following,which is most likely to form interstitial carbides?

A)active metals
B)transition metals
C)boron and silicon
D)alkaline earth metals
E)alkali metals

Question 52

How many lone pair of electrons are there in one molecule of carbon monoxide?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 53

The oxidation number of N in NO₂^- is ________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 54

Which of the following would produce the strongest basic aqueous solution?

A)CO
B)CO₂
C)H₂CO₃
D)Na₂CO₃
E)KHCO₃

Question 55

Which equation correctly represents the reaction between carbon dioxide and water?

A)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂CO₃ (aq)
B)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂ (g)+ CO (g)+ O₂ (g)
C)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂O₂ (aq)+ CO (g)
D)CO₂ (aq)+ 2H₂O (l)→ CH₄ (g)+ 2O₂ (aq)
E)CO₂ (aq)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂CO (aq)+ O₂ (g)

Question 56

Which equation correctly represents what happens when N dissolves in water?

A)NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ 2H⁺ (aq)+ NO₃^- (aq)
B)3NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ 2H⁺ (aq)+ 2NO₃^- (aq)+ NO (g)
C)NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ H₂O₂ (aq)+ NO (g)
D)2NO₂ (g)+ H₂O (l)→ 2H⁺ (aq)+ NO₄^2- (aq)+ NO (g)
E)2NO₂ (g)+ 2H₂O (l)→ 2HNO₂ (aq)+ O₂ (g)+ H₂ (g)

Question 57

Which phosphorus chloride compound will form in the reaction of phosphorus with excess chlorine gas?

A)PCl₃
B)PCl₂
C)PCl₅
D)PCl₄
E)PCl

Question 58

What are the products of the reaction of PCl₅ (g)and water?

A)phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid
B)elemental phosphorus and hydrochloric acid
C)phosphoric acid and chlorine gas
D)elemental phosphorus and chlorine gas
E)phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid

Question 59

The oxidation number of Pb in PbO₂ is ________.

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+5

Question 60

What is the function of the carbon fibers in a composite?

A)to provide a structure to help the epoxy resin solidify in the desired shape
B)to transmit loads evenly in all directions
C)to provide resistance to oxidation
D)to provide ultraviolet protection
E)to "spread out" the epoxy so that it remains more flexible

Question 61

Hydrogen can form hydride ions.Elements in group ________ typically form ions with the same charge as the hydride ion.

A)1A
B)2A
C)6A
D)7A
E)3A

Question 62

In metallic hydrides,the oxidation number of hydrogen is considered to be ________.

A)-2
B)-1
C)0
D)+1
E)+2

Question 63

B₂O₃ is the anhydride of ________.

A)borous acid
B)diborane
C)tetraboric acid
D)boric acid
E)borax

Question 64

Sodium borohydride,NaB ,is a strong reducing agent because ________.

A)Na⁺ is easily reduced to Na (s)
B)boron easily changes its oxidation number from +3 to -3
C)boron is readily oxidized from -3 oxidation state to +3
D)hydrogen can be easily oxidized from -1 oxidation state to +1
E)hydrogen is easily reduced from +1 oxidation state to 0

Question 65

Boric acid condenses to form tetraboric acid according to the equation ________.

A)4H₃BO₃ (s)→ 2H₂B₂O₇ (s)+ 3H₂O (g)
B)2H₃BO₃ (s)→ HB₂O₂ (s)+ 4H₂O (g)
C)4H₃BO₃ (s)→ HB₄O₈ (s)+ 4H₂O (g)
D)2H₃BO₃ (s)→ H₂B₄O₇ (s)+ 3H₂O (g)
E)4H₃BO₃ (s)→ H₂B₄O₇ (s)+ 5H₂O (g)

Question 66

Addition of to soda-lime glass ________.

A)imparts a greater ability to withstand temperature change
B)imparts a deep blue color
C)results in a denser glass with a higher refractive index
D)results in a glass with a lower melting point
E)results in opaque glass

Question 67

The primary commercial use of nitric acid is ________.

A)in the manufacture of plastics
B)in the manufacture of explosives
C)in pool water maintenance
D)in the manufacture of fertilizers
E)in the manufacture of anti-depressant drugs

Question 68

Soda-lime glass contains ________.

A)SiO₂ and aluminum
B)SiO₂, CaO, and Na₂O
C)SiO₂, CO₂, and citric acid
D)SiO₂, CO₂, Na₂O
E)pure SiO₂

Question 69

Silicones can be oils or rubber-like materials depending on ________.

A)the silicon-to-oxygen ratio
B)the length of the chain and degree of cross-linking
C)the percentage of carbon in the chain
D)the percentage of sulfur in the chain
E)the oxidation state of silicon in the chain

Question 70

A borane is a ________.

A)compound containing only boron and oxygen
B)compound containing only boron and aluminum
C)compound containing only boron and hydrogen
D)compound containing only boron and carbon
E)three-dimensional covalent network of boron atoms

Question 71

The most common isotope of hydrogen is sometimes referred to as ________.

A)deuterium
B)protium
C)tritium
D)heavy hydrogen
E)common hydrogen

Question 72

Hydrogen can have oxidation states of ________.

A)+1 only
B)-1, 0, and +1
C)0 and +1 only
D)-1 and +1 only
E)0 only

Question 73

Additives can be used in soda-lime glass to alter its ________.

A)ability to withstand temperature change
B)color
C)hardness
D)melting point
E)any of the above

Question 74

Which of the following equations correctly represents the reaction of with oxygen?

A)B₂H₆ (g)+ 3O₂ (g)→ B₂O₃ (s)+ 3H₂O (g)
B)B₂H₆ (g)+ O₂ (g)→ B₂O₂ (s)+ 3H₂ (g)
C)B₂H₆ (g)+ 2O₂ (g)→ B₂H₂ (s)+ 2H₂O₂ (aq)
D)B₂H₆ (g)+ 2O₂ (g)→ B₂O₂ (s)+ 3H₂ + O₂ (g)
E)B₂H₆ (g)+ O₂ (g)→ H₂B₂O₂ (s)+ 2H₂ (g)

Question 75

Hydrogen can combine with ________ to form a metallic hydride.

A)an element from group 5A
B)an element from group 7A
C)an element from group 8A
D)an element from group 1A
E)an element from group 6A

Question 76

Silicones are ________.

A)chains of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with attached organic groups
B)three-dimensional covalent networks of SiO₄ tetrahedra
C)three-dimensional covalent networks of silicon atoms
D)flat sheets of silicon atoms
E)flat sheets of silicon and hydrogen atoms

Question 77

Which one of the following is true concerning borax?

A)It is the hydrated sodium salt of tetraboric acid.
B)It is found in dry lake deposits in California.
C)Its aqueous solutions are alkaline.
D)It is commonly used in cleaning products.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 78

The arrangement of oxygen atoms around a silicon atom in SiO₄^4- is ________.

A)square planar
B)octahedral
C)linear
D)tetrahedral
E)trigonal pyramidal

Question 79

Replacement of CaO by PbO in soda-lime glass results in ________.

A)denser glass with a higher refractive index
B)glass with a deep blue color
C)opaque glass
D)a softer glass with a lower melting point
E)a harder glass with a higher melting point

Question 80

________ can violate the octet rule in its compounds.

A)carbon
B)nitrogen
C)boron
D)oxygen
E)none of these elements can violate the octet rule.