Deck 24: The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Question 1

Which statement about addition reactions between alkenes and HBr is false?

A)The addition occurs at the double bond.
B)Bromine attacks the alkene carbon atom possessing a partial positive charge.
C)A hydrogen atom attaches to the alkene carbon atom possessing a partial negative charge.
D)The π bond breaks in the course of the reaction.
E)The proposed mechanism involves radicals.

Answer 1

The proposed mechanism involves radicals.

Question 2

How many isomers of C₂H₂Br₂ are polar?

A)none
B)2
C)1
D)3
E)It is impossible to tell without more information.

Answer 2

2

Question 3

How many isomers are possible for C₄H₁₀?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)10

Answer 3

2

Question 4

Which structure below represents a ketone?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 5

How many structural isomers (include all types except optical)can be drawn for C₅H₁₀?

A)5
B)6
C)7
D)10
E)12

Question 6

Which statement about hydrocarbons is false?

A)The smallest alkane to have structural (constitutional)isomers has 4 carbon atoms.
B)Cyclic alkanes are structural isomers of alkenes.
C)Alkanes are more reactive than alkenes.
D)Alkanes can be produced by hydrogenating alkenes.
E)Alkenes can be polymerized.

Question 7

Which one of the following is not an alcohol?

A)acetone
B)glycerol
C)ethanol
D)cholesterol
E)ethylene glycol

Question 8

Which one of the following compounds is an isomer of CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
B)
C)
D)
E)CH₃OH

Question 9

How many isomers are possible for C₅H₁₂?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)10

Question 10

Which of the following compounds do not contain an sp³ hybridized oxygen atom?

A)ketones
B)alcohols
C)ethers
D)esters
E)water

Question 11

If each of the following represents an alkane,and a carbon atom is located at each vertex with the proper number of hydrogen atoms also bonded to it,which one is the most reactive?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)They are all equally reactive since they are all alkanes.

Question 12

Alcohols are hydrocarbon derivatives in which one or more hydrogens have been replaced by a hydroxyl functional group.________ is the general formula of an alcohol.

A)R-O-R
B)R-CO-R
C)R-CO-OH
D)R-OH
E)R-CO-H

Question 13

Which of the following is not currently used as an additive agent in gasoline?

A)toluene
B)ethanol
C)MTBE
D)tetraethyl lead

Question 14

When petroleum is distilled to separate the components by boiling point,the component with the highest boiling point is called ________.

A)gas
B)gasoline
C)kerosene
D)paraffin
E)asphalt

Question 15

Benzene behaves differently from a hydrocarbon which simply contains three C C bonds in that the latter would be expected to react much more readily with ________.

A)H₂
B)Cl₂
C)Br₂
D)HCl
E)all of the above

Question 16

The oxidation of ethanol produces ________.

A)acetic acid
B)formic acid
C)citric acid
D)lactic acid
E)oxalic acid

Question 17

Of the compounds below,________ is an isomer of

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 18

Which substance would be the most soluble in gasoline?

A)water
B)NaNO₃
C)HCl
D)hexane
E)NaCl

Question 19

The structure of 2,3-dimethylheptane is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 20

What type of compound has been used to replace tetraethyl lead (( Pb)as an antiknock agent in gasoline?

A)aromatic compounds
B)olefins
C)fluorochlorocarbons
D)paraffins
E)oxygenated hydrocarbons

Question 21

Which amino acid is not chiral?

A)leucine
B)isoleucine
C)glycine
D)alanine
E)threonine

Question 22

What general class of compounds is also known as olefins?

A)alkenes
B)alkynes
C)aromatics
D)alkanes
E)ketones

Question 23

Which one of the following is a monosaccharide?

A)fructose
B)lactose
C)sucrose
D)maltose
E)none of the above

Question 24

Hydrocarbons containing only single bonds between the carbon atoms are called ________.

A)alkenes
B)alkynes
C)aromatics
D)alkanes
E)ketones

Question 25

Hybridization of the carbon atom indicated by (*)in CH₃-^*CH₂-CH₃,^*CH₂ CH₂,and CH₃-^*C≡CH is ________,________,and ________,respectively.

A)sp³, sp², sp
B)sp³, sp, sp²
C)sp, sp², sp³
D)sp, sp³, sp²
E)sp², sp³, sp

Question 26

The basic building block of nucleic acids is the ________.

A)nucleoside
B)nucleotide
C)ester linkage
D)nitrogen base
E)phosphoric acid

Question 27

All of the following are achiral except ________ which is a chiral molecule.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 28

Which structure below represents an ether?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 29

Consider the following types of compounds: (i)amino acid
(ii)nitrogen-containing organic base
(iii)phosphoric acid
(iv)five-carbon sugar
From which of the above compounds are the monomers of nucleic acids,called nucleotides,formed?

A)none
B)(i)and (ii)
C)(ii)and (iv)
D)(ii), (iii), and (iv)
E)all

Question 30

The principal difference between fructose and glucose is that ________.

A)fructose is a disaccharide and glucose is a monosaccharide
B)fructose is a monosaccharide and glucose is a disaccharide
C)fructose is chiral and glucose is not
D)glucose is chiral and fructose is not
E)fructose is a ketone sugar and glucose is an aldehyde sugar

Question 31

Which of the following contains a peptide linkage?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)none of the above

Question 32

How many chiral carbon atoms does the neopentane (2,2 - dimethylpropane)have?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 33

Which structure below represents an aldehyde?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 34

Sugars are examples of what type of molecule?

A)proteins
B)carbohydrates
C)nucleic acids
D)amino acids
E)salts

Question 35

The tertiary structure of proteins is maintained by ________ bonds.

A)hydrogen
B)dipole-dipole
C)ion-dipole
D)covalent
E)all of the above

Question 36

Which structure below represents an amine?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 37

The double helix of DNA is stabilized mainly by ________.

A)ionic bonds
B)covalent bonds
C)ion-dipole bonds
D)ester bonds
E)hydrogen bonds

Question 38

Which structure below is not correctly drawn?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 39

Proteins are biopolymers formed via multiple condensation coupling of which two functional groups?

A)ester and amine
B)amine and carboxylic acid
C)alcohol and carboxylic acid
D)alcohol and amine
E)ester and carboxylic acid

Question 40

How many chiral centers are there in CH₃CHClCH₂Cl?

A)1
B)0
C)3
D)2
E)4

Question 41

Alkenes have the general formula ________.

A)C_nH_2n
B)C_nH_2n-2
C)C_nH_2n+2
D)C_nH_n
E)C_2nH_n

Question 42

The minimum number of carbons necessary for a hydrocarbon to form a branched structure is ________.

A)4
B)6
C)3
D)9
E)12

Question 43

Alkenes always contain a ________.

A)C C bond
B)C≡C bond
C)C-C bond
D)C H bond
E)C≡H bond

Question 44

Alkanes with ________ to ________ carbons are found in straight-run gasoline.

A)2, 3
B)5, 12
C)1, 5
D)9, 15
E)20, 60

Question 45

The general formula of an alkane is ________.

A)C_2nH_2n+2
B)C_nH_2n
C)C_nH_2n+2
D)C_nH_2n-2
E)C_nH_n

Question 46

The name of -CH C CH-CH-CH CH- is ________.

A)2, 3, 5 - octatriene
B)2, 5, 6 - octatriene
C)2, 3, 6 - octatriene
D)3, 5, 6 - octatriene
E)3, 4, 7 - octatriene

Question 47

The molecular geometry of each carbon atom in an alkane is ________.

A)octahedral
B)square planar
C)trigonal planar
D)tetrahedral
E)trigonal pyramidal

Question 48

The simplest alkyne is ________.

A)ethylene
B)ethane
C)acetylene
D)propyne
E)benzene

Question 49

Hydrocarbons containing carbon-carbon triple bonds are called ________.

A)alkanes
B)aromatic hydrocarbons
C)alkynes
D)alkenes
E)olefins

Question 50

Cyclohexane has ________ fewer hydrogens than n-hexane.

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 51

________ could be the formula of an alkene.

A)C₃H₈
B)C₃H₆
C)C₆H₆
D)C₁₇H₃₆
E)CH₈

Question 52

Isooctane is assigned an octane number of 100,whereas ________ is assigned an octane number of 0.

A)methane
B)propane
C)benzene
D)heptane
E)nitrous oxide

Question 53

The melting and boiling points of hydrocarbons are determined by ________.

A)ion-dipole attraction
B)dipole-dipole attraction
C)London forces
D)hydrogen bonding
E)ionic bonding

Question 54

The compound below is an ________.

A)alkyne
B)alkene
C)alkane
D)aromatic compound
E)olefin

Question 55

In general,________ are the least reactive hydrocarbons.

A)alkenes
B)alkynes
C)alkanes

Question 56

What is the name of the compound below?

A)2,4-methylbutene
B)2,5-dimethylpentane
C)2,4-ethylbutene
D)2,4-dimethyl-1-pentene
E)2,4-dimethyl-4-pentene

Question 57

Alkynes always contain a ________.

A)C C bond
B)C≡C bond
C)C-C bond
D)C H bond
E)C≡H bond

Question 58

Gasoline and water do not mix because gasoline is ________.

A)less dense than water
B)less viscous than water
C)nonpolar and water is polar
D)volatile and water is not
E)polar and water is nonpolar

Question 59

How many structural isomers of heptane exist?

A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8
E)9

Question 60

The octane number of straight-run gasoline is about ________.

A)0
B)25
C)50
D)75
E)93

Question 61

The general formula of an ester is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 62

The general formula of a carboxylic acid is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 63

Which one of the following could be a non-branched alkene?

A)C₆H₅
B)C₇H₉
C)C₇H₁₄
D)C₂H₆
E)C₉H₂₀

Question 64

Optically active molecules that are mirror images of each other are called ________.

A)allotropes
B)geometrical isomers
C)enantiomers
D)cofactors
E)chiral compounds

Question 65

Which one of the following could be a straight-chain alkane?

A)C₉H₂₀
B)C₃H₃
C)C₄H₆
D)C₅H₄
E)C₃H₆

Question 66

The secondary structure of a protein is the result of ________ bonding.

A)covalent
B)peptide
C)ionic
D)hydrogen
E)none of the above

Question 67

The hybridization of the central carbon atom in formaldehyde is ________.

A)sp
B)sp³
C)d²sp³
D)sp²
E)sp⁴

Question 68

Ethers can be made by condensation of two ________ molecules by splitting out a molecule of water.

A)alkyne
B)alcohol
C)ketone
D)aldehyde
E)olefin

Question 69

The general formula for an ether is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 70

What forces hold the strands of DNA together?

A)covalent bonds
B)hydrogen bonding
C)ion-dipole attraction
D)coordinate covalent bonds

Question 71

The addition of HBr to 2-butene produces ________.

A)1-bromobutane
B)2-bromobutane
C)1,2-dibromobutane
D)2,3-dibromobutane
E)no reaction

Question 72

________ acts as a kind of energy bank in the body,and is found concentrated in muscles and liver.

A)Lactose
B)Starch
C)Cellulose
D)Glycogen
E)Sucrose

Question 73

The compound below is a(n)________.

A)carboxylic acid
B)ketone
C)aldehyde
D)ester
E)amine

Question 74

________ contains a series of π bonds on several consecutive carbon atoms.

A)pentane
B)cyclohexane
C)benzene
D)hexane

Question 75

Starch,glycogen,and cellulose are made of repeating units of ________.

A)lactose
B)glucose
C)fructose
D)sucrose
E)amino acids

Question 76

How many hydroxyl groups are in a glycerol molecule?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 77

Which one of the following could be a cycloalkane?

A)C₆H₅
B)C₃H₅
C)C₂H₆
D)C₁₀H₂₂
E)C₅H₁₀

Question 78

How many chiral atoms does the open-chain form of glucose have?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 79

The general formula of an aldehyde is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 80

is called a(n)________.

A)amine
B)amide
C)ketone
D)aldehyde
E)ester