Deck 3: Anatomy and Research Methods

Question 1

 Together, the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system make up the ____ nervous system.

A) peripheral
B) central
C) sympathetic
D) dorsal

Answer 1

peripheral

Question 2

 Lia was scared by a loud noise. This caused her sympathetic system to activate her "fight or flight" response.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

 Elane is studying for an anatomy quiz. She wrote in her notes that the central nervous system was made up of _____.

A) the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
B) the brain
C) the brain and spinal cord
D) the sensory neurons

Answer 3

the brain and spinal cord

Question 4

 Neurons that directly convey messages to muscles and glands are part of the central nervous system.

Question 5

 Although relatively small, the hypothalamus is very important for a large range of motivated behaviors.

Question 6

 The somatic nervous system carries signals from the ____ and is part of the ____.

A) senses; central nervous system
B) organs; autonomic nervous system
C) organs; sympathetic nervous system
D) senses; peripheral nervous system

Question 7

 The limbic system is important for motivation and emotional behaviors.

Question 8

 Desirae touched a plate and it was hot. Which part of her nervous system conveyed this sensory information?

A) Somatic
B) Central
C) Parasympathetic
D) Autonomic

Question 9

 Which division of the nervous system consists of neurons that control the heart, intestines, and other organs?

A) Internal
B) Afferent
C) Somatic
D) Autonomic

Question 10

 The choroid plexus reabsorbs the cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 11

 The prefrontal cortex is important for working memory.

Question 12

 The hindbrain consists of the medulla, the pons, and the cerebellum.

Question 13

 Hai is exercising. His body prepares for movement by serotonin release in the substantia nigra.

Question 14

 Tanya has suffered damage to her striate cortex. She now experiences visual disturbances.

Question 15

 Parasympathetic neurons use acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter.

Question 16

 Abe has suffered damage to the right side of his cerebral cortex. As a result, he now has motor and sensory deficits on the right side of his body.

Question 17

 Cell bodies of motor neurons are located outside of the spinal cord.

Question 18

 Many cells in association areas of the brain respond to more than one sensory modality.

Question 19

 Some cranial nerves include both sensory and motor components.

Question 20

 Venessa's hand is more proximal to her body than her shoulder.

Question 21

 You are walking after dark. A sudden noise frightens you. Your heart pounds, your pulse races, and your breathing rate increases. These responses are due to your ____.

A) parasympathetic nervous system
B) sympathetic nervous system
C) somatic nervous system
D) immune system

Question 22

 Danica is studying for a quiz. She writes in her notes that the _____ matter is in the center of the spinal cord and is made up of _____.

A) gray; mainly cell bodies and dendrites
B) gray; mainly myelinated axons
C) white; mainly cell bodies and dendrites
D) white; mainly myelinated axons

Question 23

 Which part of the nervous system prepares the body for "fight or flight" activities?

A) Sympathetic
B) Somatic
C) Parasympathetic
D) Peripheral

Question 24

 After damage to the ventral roots of the spinal cord, an individual will suffer what kind of loss?

A) Sensation from the affected body area
B) Control of the peripheral muscles in the affected body area
C) Control of organs in the affected body area
D) Sensation of the muscles on the opposite side of the body

Question 25

 The sweat glands, adrenal glands, and muscles that constrict blood vessels have input from only the ____ nervous system.

A) sympathetic
B) parasympathetic
C) central
D) dorsal root

Question 26

 Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the ____.

A) spinal cord
B) dorsal root ganglia
C) white matter
D) ventral roots

Question 27

 Where would you find the dorsal root ganglia?

A) At the base of the brain
B) In the gray matter of the spinal cord
C) In the white matter of the spinal cord
D) Outside, but near, the spinal cord

Question 28

 Mardell is in the lab studying for a physiology exam. She is studying a brain that has been dissected from the front. The brain was cut with _____ sections.

A) coronal
B) sagittal
C) horizontal
D) transverse

Question 29

 The basal ganglia are a related cluster of cell bodies that are lateral to the _____.

A) meninges
B) hippocampus
C) hypothalamus
D) thalamus

Question 30

 Sympathetic ganglia ____.

A) are located inside the spinal cord
B) act more independently than do parasympathetic ganglia
C) are closely linked and often act as a single system
D) have short postganglionic fibers extending to internal organs

Question 31

 The spinal cord communicates with ____.

A) sense organs and muscles below the level of the head
B) all sense organs and muscles in the human body
C) the dorsal root ganglia only
D) the ventral root ganglia only

Question 32

 The parasympathetic nervous system has ____.

A) long preganglionic and long postganglionic axons
B) long preganglionic and short postganglionic axons
C) short preganglionic and short postganglionic axons
D) short preganglionic and long postganglionic axons

Question 33

 Sympathetic is to ____ as parasympathetic is to ____.

A) the central nervous system; the peripheral nervous system
B) voluntary behavior; involuntary behavior
C) arousal; relaxation
D) neurotransmitters; hormones

Question 34

 Professor Tutson is lecturing about the peripheral nervous system. She tells her class that the parasympathetic system primarily uses ____ to communicate.

A) dopamine
B) serotonin
C) acetylcholine
D) norepinephrine

Question 35

 Which plane shows brain structures as they would be seen from above?

A) Coronal
B) Sagittal
C) Horizontal
D) Commuter

Question 36

 Merrilee's right hand and left foot are on _____ sides of her body.

A) superior
B) posterior
C) ipsilateral
D) contralateral

Question 37

 After damage to the dorsal roots of the spinal cord, an individual will suffer what kind of loss?

A) Sensation from the affected body area
B) Control of the peripheral muscles in the affected body area
C) Control of organs in the affected body area
D) Sensation of the muscles on the opposite side of the body

Question 38

 Renee is in the lab studying for a physiology exam. She records in her notebook that the cell bodies of the motor neurons are all located in the ____.

A) dorsal root ganglion
B) central canal
C) white matter
D) gray matter

Question 39

 Acetylcholine is the only neurotransmitter released by ____.

A) the sympathetic nervous system's postganglionic synapses
B) the parasympathetic nervous system's postganglionic axons
C) intrinsic neurons in the spinal cord
D) intrinsic neurons of the hippocampus

Question 40

 The cell bodies of sensory neurons that are in clusters of neurons outside the spinal cord are called ____.

A) sensory nuclei
B) sensory clusters
C) ventral root ganglia
D) dorsal root ganglia

Question 41

 The cerebellum contributes to the control of what function?

A) Hunger
B) Temperature
C) Olfaction
D) Movement

Question 42

 In addition to problems with balance and coordination, a person with damage to the cerebellum will likely have problems with ____.

A) reflexive changes in heart rate
B) shifting attention between auditory and visual stimuli
C) amnesia
D) rational decision-making

Question 43

 While it is known for a role in balance and coordination, the _____ is also very important for certain types of learning and conditioning.

A) cerebellum
B) pons
C) basal ganglia
D) substantia nigra

Question 44

 Vision is to ____ as hearing is to ____.

A) cranial nerve I; cranial nerve X
B) cranial nerve II; cranial nerve VIII
C) cranial nerve II; cranial nerve V
D) cranial nerve IV; cranial nerve VIII

Question 45

 Sophia is not feeling well and has been coughing and sneezing all day. These actions are controlled by her _____.

A) cerebellum
B) hypothalamus
C) basal ganglia
D) medulla

Question 46

 The medulla controls a number of reflexes through ____.

A) the midbrain
B) the forebrain
C) cranial nerves
D) skeletal nerves

Question 47

 Which of the following cranial nerves does not play a role in taste and control of the tongue and throat movements?

A) VII
B) IX
C) XII
D) XI

Question 48

 Research indicates that the behavioral effects of the cerebellum may be due to its role in ____.

A) coordinating information from left and right hemispheres
B) focusing attention and organizing sensory inputs
C) interpreting visual stimuli
D) coordinating the release of hormones

Question 49

 The nuclei for most of the cranial nerves are located in the ____.

A) cerebral cortex
B) hypothalamus
C) midbrain
D) pons and medulla

Question 50

 In which area of the brain would one find the tectum, tegmentum, superior and inferior colliculi, and substantia nigra?

A) Midbrain
B) Hindbrain
C) Reticular formation
D) Forebrain

Question 51

 Which of the following cranial nerves does not play a role in the control of eye movements?

A) VIII
B) III
C) IV
D) VI

Question 52

 The term rhombencephalon refers to the ____.

A) brainstem
B) hindbrain
C) midbrain
D) forebrain

Question 53

 As axons from the spinal cord enter the skull, which structure do they enter?

A) Midbrain
B) Forebrain
C) Medulla
D) Cerebellum

Question 54

 Shasta abuses opiate drugs. Because receptors for the opiate drugs are found in the _____, one serious side effect of an overdose would be Shasta having suppressed breathing and heart rate.

A) medulla
B) cerebellum
C) pons
D) hypothalamus

Question 55

 Sympathetic is to ____ as parasympathetic is to ____.

A) serotonin; dopamine
B) dopamine; serotonin
C) acetylcholine; norepinephrine
D) norepinephrine; acetylcholine

Question 56

 Superior colliculus is to ____ as inferior colliculus is to ____.

A) vision; hearing
B) taste; smell
C) vision; touch
D) touch; hearing

Question 57

 Sheldon is studying for a quiz. He writes in his notes that humans have _____ pairs of cranial nerves.

A) 12
B) 6
C) 10
D) 5

Question 58

 The medulla is considered part of the brain rather than the spinal cord because it ____.

A) developed later in evolution
B) is contained in the skull
C) develops from a separate group of neurons
D) is composed only of interneurons

Question 59

 Professor Godines is lecturing about the medulla, pons, the midbrain, and certain central structures of the forebrain. His lecture is about the _____.

A) hindbrain
B) rhombencephalon
C) midbrain
D) brain stem

Question 60

 Which of the following is not part of the hindbrain?

A) Cerebellum
B) Thalamus
C) Pons
D) Medulla

Question 61

 The hippocampus plays a major role in ____.

A) innate sexual behavior
B) temperature regulation
C) memory
D) secretion of hormones

Question 62

 Olfactory information is processed by the ____.

A) thalamus via the olfactory bulbs
B) cortex via the olfactory bulbs
C) spinal cord
D) medulla

Question 63

 Which structure provides the main source of input to the cerebral cortex?

A) Limbic system
B) Medulla
C) Thalamus
D) Hypothalamus

Question 64

 If Nicole had damage to her hypothalamus, which of the following would NOT be a symptom?

A) Impaired temperature regulation.
B) Altered eating and drinking patterns.
C) Altered sexual behavior.
D) Impaired movement and coordination.

Question 65

 Damage to the basal ganglia would most likely result in ____.

A) a movement disorder
B) problems with visual perception
C) problems with auditory perception
D) a loss of pain sensation

Question 66

 Secretions from which gland will also affect the secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and ovaries or testes?

A) Thymus gland
B) pineal gland
C) Pineal gland
D) Pituitary gland

Question 67

 The ventricles, central canal, and subarachnoid space are all ____.

A) part of the forebrain
B) filled with cerebrospinal fluid
C) involved in cognitive functioning
D) filled with blood

Question 68

 By both neural and hormonal pathways, the hypothalamus regulates activity of the ____.

A) pituitary gland
B) thalamus
C) retina
D) ventricles

Question 69

 An individual has difficulty remembering certain things after brain damage, but all memories stored before the damage are intact. The brain area most likely damaged is the ____.

A) fornix
B) hypothalamus
C) hippocampus
D) nucleus basalis

Question 70

 The choroid plexus ____.

A) cushions the brain
B) protects the brain from infection
C) is another name for the ventricles
D) forms the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 71

 The nucleus basalis is a key part of the brain's system for ____.

A) emotional response
B) attention
C) visual perception
D) auditory perception

Question 72

 A group of forebrain structures is important for motivated and emotional behavior. What term refers to this group of structures?

A) Limbic system
B) Reticular formation
C) Tegmentum
D) Basal ganglia

Question 73

 Membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord are called ____.

A) CSF
B) ventricles
C) meninges
D) hydrocephali

Question 74

 The hindbrain consists of the ____.

A) tectum, tegmentum, and reticular formation
B) thalamus and hypothalamus
C) spinal cord and cranial nerves
D) medulla, pons, and cerebellum

Question 75

 Meningitis is an inflammation of the ____.

A) cerebrospinal fluid
B) glia
C) membranes surrounding the brain
D) medulla oblongata

Question 76

 One function of the thalamus is to ____.

A) relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex
B) regulate sleep cycles
C) direct the secretions of the hypothalamus
D) moderate emotional outbursts

Question 77

 If Geri had disruptions to her limbic system, she would likely have problems with _____.

A) emotional behaviors
B) motor coordination
C) language formation
D) perception of three-dimensional objects

Question 78

 Rudy has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. He will have damage to his ____ neurons in the _______.

A) serotonin; substantia nigra
B) dopamine; substantia nigra
C) norepinephrine; cerebellum
D) dopamine; cerebellum

Question 79

 Which structure is likely to be damaged in Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and other conditions that impair movement?

A) Thalamus
B) Basal ganglia
C) Limbic system
D) Reticular formation

Question 80

 Professor Basco is lecturing about the nervous system. He tells the class that the role of the pituitary gland is to make and release _____ into ______.

A) hormones; bloodstream
B) hormones; hypothalamus
C) neurotransmitters; ventricles
D) neurotransmitters; hypothalamus