Deck 12: Nervous Tissue

Question 1

What specific type of unipolar neuron detects a sharp pain?

A)tactile epithelial cells (Merkel disc)
B)corpuscle of touch (Meissner corpuscle)
C)lamellated (Pacinian)corpuscle
D)nociceptor

Answer 1

D

Question 2

List the three major factors that contribute to the creation of the resting membrane potential in excitable cells.

Answer 2

The major factors that lead to creation of resting potential are:1)unequal distribution of ions across the plasma membrane,2)inability of most anions to leave the cell,and 3)the electrogenic nature of the Na⁺,K⁺ -ATPase.

Question 3

Describe four ways drugs can modify the effects of neurotransmitters.

Answer 3

Drugs can modify neurotransmitter effects by:1)stimulating or inhibiting their synthesis,2)enhancing or blocking their release,3)activating or blocking their receptor,and 4)stimulating or inhibiting their removal.

Question 4

As the action potential nears its peak,the voltage-gated [dropdown 1] channels close,and voltage-gated [dropdown 2] channels open,allowing cations to flow out of the cell to restore the resting membrane potential.
Dropdown 1& 2 choices:
calcium
chloride
potassium
sodium

Question 5

The motor portion of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into

A)somatic and sympathetic divisions.
B)somatic and parasympathetic divisions.
C)enteric and somatic divisions.
D)sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
E)voluntary and involuntary divisions.

Question 6

When an impulse arrives at the synaptic end bulb,the membrane becomes more permeable to [dropdown 1].The ion movement into the synaptic end bulbs causes [dropdown 2] of [dropdown 3] into the synaptic cleft.
Dropdown 1 choices:
calcium
chloride
potassium
sodium
Dropdown 2 choices:
endocytosis
exocytosis
Dropdown 3 choices:
electrons
ions
neurotransmitters
protons

Question 7

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can occur if there is an influx of [dropdown 1] ions.Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials can occur if there is an influx of [dropdown 2 ] ions or an efflux of [dropdown 3] ions.
Dropdown 1,2 & 3 choices:
phosphate
chloride
potassium
sodium

Question 8

Mechanically-gated channels are located at letter [dropdown 1] in this diagram and will be involved with the formation of [dropdown 2].

Dropdown 1 choices:
A
B
D
E
Dropdown 2 choices:
an action potential
a graded potential

Question 9

List the three ways that neurotransmitters can be removed from a synapse.

Question 10

Sensory receptors such as corpuscle of touch and tactile epithelial cells would be associated with neurons that are classified functionally as [dropdown 1] and structurally as [dropdown 2].
Dropdown 1 and 2 choices:
bipolar
interneuron
motor
multipolar
sensory
unipolar

Question 11

What factors limit neurogenesis in the CNS of adults?

Question 12

[dropdown 1] open in response to changes in membrane potential and are located in axolemma of all types of neurons.[dropdown 2] are only located in the membrane of synaptic end bulbs.
Dropdown 1 choices:
Leak channel
Ligand-gated channels
Mechanically gated channels
Voltage-gated channels
Dropdown 2 choices:
Voltage-gated calcium channels
Voltage-gated chloride channels
Voltage-gated potassium channels
Voltage-gated sodium channels

Question 13

Describe the events that occur with the voltage-gated sodium channel during the depolarizing phase of an action potential.

Question 14

Depolarization is represented by [dropdown 1].Repolarization is represented by [dropdown 2].After-hyperpolarization is represented by [dropdown 3 ].
Dropdown 1,2,& 3 choices:
-70mV $\rarr$ -90mV
-55mV $\rarr$ +30mV
+30mV $\rarr$ -70mV

Question 15

Once the membrane potential reaches a threshold voltage,hundreds of voltage-gated [dropdown 1] channels in that region of the membrane to open briefly.[dropdown 2] ions flood into the cell,completely [dropdown 3] the membrane.
Dropdown 1choices:
calcium
chloride
potassium
sodium
Dropdown 2 choices
Calcium
Chloride
Potassium
Sodium
Dropdown 3 choices:
depolarizing
hyperpolarizing
repolarizing

Question 16

Integration of information will occur in the [dropdown 1] of the spinal cord and brain,and is performed by unmyelinated [dropdown 2] neurons.
Dropdown 1 choices:
gray matter
white matter
Dropdown 2 choices:
bipolar
multipolar
pseudounipolar
unipolar

Question 17

Describe the difference between spatial and temporal summation in a postsynaptic neuron.