Deck 9: Joints

Question 1

Another term for menisci is

A)articular fat pads.
B)articular discs.
C)articular spaces.
D)capsular fat pads.
E)capsular discs.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Briefly describe the functions of synovial fluid.

Answer 2

Synovial fluid reduces friction,absorbs shock and supplying oxygen and nutrients to and removing carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from the chondrocytes within articular cartilage.

Question 3

List the three functional classifications of joints,and briefly describe the basis for the functional classification of joints.

Answer 3

The functional classification joint is based on the degree of movement that they allow.The three functional classes are:1)synarthroses,which are totally immovable,2)amphiarthroses,which have slight movement,and 3)diarthroses,which are freely moveable joints.
Question

Question 4

Which of the following structures include the fibular and tibial collateral ligaments of the knee joint?

A)Synovial membranes
B)Articular fat pads
C)Menisci
D)Extracapsular ligaments
E)Tendon sheath

Question 5

The epiphyseal plate in a long bone is an example of which type of joint?

A)Gomphosis
B)Suture
C)Symphysis
D)Synovial
E)Synchondrosis

Question 6

Which of the following is(are)made from dense regular connective tissue?

A)Ligaments
B)Articular cartilage
C)Articular fat pads
D)Synovial membrane
E)Synovial fluid

Question 7

Articular discs
1)maintain the stability of a joint.
2)direct flow of the synovial fluid to areas of greatest friction.
3)are made of hyaline cartilage.
4)are only found in the vertebral column.

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)4 only
E)1 and 2

Question 8

List the three structural categories of joints and briefly describe the criteria used for structural classification of joints.

Question 9

Which type of motion results from relatively flat bone surfaces moving back and forth and from side to side with respect to one another?

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Gliding
D)Circumduction
E)Hyperextension

Question 10

Which of the following types of joints do NOT have a synovial cavity?
1)Fibrous joints
2)Cartilaginous joints
3)Synovial joints

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)1 and 2
E)All of these choices

Question 11

Which of the following represents a type of movement where there is a decrease in the angle between articulating bones?

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Gliding
D)Circumduction
E)Rotation

Question 12

Which of the following is a type of fibrous joint composed of a thin layer of dense irregular fibrous connective tissue found between the bones of the skull?
1)Syndesmoses
2)Gomphosis
3)Suture

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)Both 1 and 2
E)None of these choices

Question 13

What unique characteristics would a person who is "double-jointed" possess?

Question 14

Which of the following structures is used to reduce friction in joints?
1)Bursae
2)Synovial fluid
3)Accessory ligaments
4)Elastic fibers

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)4 only
E)1 and 2

Question 15

The joint between the first rib and the manubrium of the sternum is classified as

A)a synchondrosis.
B)a synarthrosis.
C)a cartilaginous joint.
D)All of these choices.
E)None of these choices.

Question 16

Briefly describe what is happening when a person "cracks their knuckles".

Question 17

A suture joint fits into which functional joint classification?

A)synarthrosis.
B)amphiarthrosis.
C)diarthrosis.
D)synovial.
E)cartilaginous.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of synovial joints?

A)Contain a joint cavity
B)Are freely moveable
C)Articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage
D)Include elastic cartilage
E)Have ligaments holding the joint together

Question 19

Which of the following types of joints lacks a joint cavity and is held together by a fibrous connective tissue?
1)Fibrous joints
2)Cartilaginous joints
3)Synovial joints

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)1 and 2
E)All of these choices

Question 20

Which functional class of joints contains joints that are freely movable?
1)Synarthrosis
2)Amphiarthrosis
3)Diarthrosis

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)Both 2 and 3
E)All of these choices

Question 21

Which of the joints shown in the figure represents a condyloid joint?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 22

Which of the joints shown in the figure is classified as a biaxial joint?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)More than one selection is correct

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a structural category of synovial joints?

A)Planar
B)Hinge
C)Condyloid
D)Suture
E)Saddle

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting range of motion of a joint?

A)Structure of articulating bones
B)Tension of the muscles
C)Hormones
D)Disuse
E)Eversion

Question 25

What type of special movement occurs in your clavicles at your acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints when you cross your arms in front of your body?

A)Protraction
B)Retraction
C)Inversion
D)Eversion
E)Supination

Question 26

Which of the joints shown in the figure is classified as a monaxial joint?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)B and C

Question 27

Which type of movement involves a continuous sequence of flexion,abduction,extension,and adduction resulting in a distal body part moving in a circle?

A)Gliding
B)Lateral flexion
C)Hyperextension
D)Circumduction
E)Elevation

Question 28

Which special movement occurs when you bend your foot at the ankle in the direction of the foot's superior surface as would occur when you stand on your heels?

A)Inversion
B)Eversion
C)Dorsiflexion
D)Plantar flexion
E)Supination

Question 29

Flexion and extension usually occur along which plane?

A)Frontal
B)Transverse
C)Sagittal
D)Oblique
E)None of these choices

Question 30

Moving the humerus laterally at the shoulder joint is an example of which type of movement?

A)Lateral flexion
B)Hyperextension
C)Adduction
D)Abduction
E)Gliding

Question 31

Bending the trunk forward at the intervertebral discs is an example of what type of angular movement?

A)Flexion
B)Extension
C)Lateral flexion
D)Hyperextension
E)None of these choices

Question 32

What type of joint is shown in the diagram?

A)Suture
B)Synostosis
C)Symphysis
D)Synovial
E)Gomophosis

Question 33

In the figure,what represents a saddle joint?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 34

A condyloid joint

A)is also called an ellipsoidal joint.
B)is considered to be biaxial.
C)allows both flexion-extension and abduction-adduction of the joint.
D)can be found in the wrist.
E)is All of these choices

Question 35

In the diagram,what represents a pivot joint?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 36

Which special movement involves moving your thumb across the palm to touch the tips of the fingers on the same hand?

A)Pronation
B)Supination
C)Eversion
D)Retraction
E)Opposition

Question 37

What type of joint is shown in the diagram?

A)Suture
B)Syndesmosis
C)Symphysis
D)Cartilaginous
E)Synovial

Question 38

Which of the joints shown in the figure is classified as a multiaxial joint?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)F

Question 39

Which of the following is not considered a "special movement" that occurs at only certain joints?

A)Depression
B)Protraction
C)Elevation
D)Supination
E)All of these are special movements

Question 40

In which type of synovial joint does a rounded or pointed surface on one bone articulate with a ring formed partly by another bone and partly by a ligament?

A)Pivot joint
B)Planar joint
C)Hinge joint
D)Ball-and-socket joint
E)Saddle joint

Question 41

Which panel in the figure shows an example of the movement termed elevation?

A)A
B)B
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 42

Which panel in the figure shows an example of the movement termed retraction?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)I

Question 43

Which two panels in the figure show a movement of a bone away from the midline of the body?

A)A and B
B)B and D
C)D and E
D)F and A
E)B and F

Question 44

Which of the following labeled panels in the figure shows extension?

A)E
B)D
C)F
D)G
E)I

Question 45

Which of the following is a degenerative joint disease in which joint cartilage is gradually lost due to a combination of aging,obesity,wear and abrasion of the joints?

A)gouty arthritis
B)Lyme disease
C)bursitis
D)osteoarthritis
E)synovitis

Question 46

Describe the general effects that aging has on joints.

Question 47

Which panel in the figure shows an example of the movement termed inversion?

A)B
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 48

List and briefly describe the three common types of arthritis.

Question 49

Which of the following diseases is characterized by sodium urate crystals being deposited in the soft tissues of joints?

A)gouty arthritis
B)Lyme disease
C)ankylosing spondylitis
D)osteoarthritis
E)rheumatoid arthritis

Question 50

Which panel in the figure shows an example of the movement termed opposition?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 51

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints?

A)gouty arthritis
B)Lyme disease
C)arthroplasty
D)osteoarthritis
E)rheumatoid arthritis

Question 52

Which of the joints shown in the figure only permits back-and-forth and side-to-side movements between the articulating bones?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)Both A and B
E)Both A and C

Question 53

Which panel in the figure shows an example of the movement termed supination?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 54

Which of the panels in the figure shows a movement called lateral flexion?

A)B
B)F
C)G
D)D
E)C

Question 55

Which of the following types of movement is shown in diagram E?

A)supination
B)circumduction
C)pronation
D)rotation
E)adduction

Question 56

Which of the following labeled panels in the figure shows flexion?

A)E
B)F
C)C
D)G
E)H

Question 57

Which of the following labeled panels in the figure shows hyperextension?

A)C
B)E
C)F
D)G
E)I

Question 58

Which diagram shows a movement of a distal end of a body part in a circle,in a continuous

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)F

Question 59

Which type of joint permits this type of movement?
1)Synovial joint
2)Cartilaginous joint
3)Fibrous joint

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)Both 1 &2
E)Both 2 & 3

Question 60

Which of the joints shown in the figure only permits back-and-forth and side-to-side movements between the articulating bones?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)Both A and B
E)Both A and C

Question 61

The line is pointing to the _____ ligament.

A)coracoacromial
B)acromioclavicular
C)glenohumeral
D)coracohumeral

Question 62

Which feature goes with the knee joint?

A)medial and lateral menisci
B)glenoid labrum
C)radial annular ligament
D)zona orbicularis
E)acetabular labrum

Question 63

Based on the structural classification of joints,which of the following is a fibrous joint?

A)Synchondrosis
B)Synovial joint
C)Symphysis
D)Syndesmosis
E)Diarthrosis

Question 64

The hormone relaxin stimulates changes that lead to increased range of motion in the

A)shoulder joint.
B)pubic symphysis.
C)temporomandibular joint
D)knee joint.
E)coronal suture.

Question 65

A joint in which there is a complete fusion of two separate bones into one bone is called a

A)synchondrosis.
B)syndesmosis.
C)symphysis.
D)diarthrosis.
E)synostosis.

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the type of movement and range of motion possible at a synovial joint?

A)structure of the articulating bones.
B)strength and tension of the joint ligaments.
C)use of the joint.
D)arrangement and tension of the muscles.
E)hormones.

Question 67

Which of the following is NOT an anatomical component of the elbow?

A)articular capsule.
B)ulnar collateral ligament.
C)radial collateral ligament.
D)anular ligament of the radius.
E)tendon of the biceps brachii muscle.

Question 68

Which of the following is a correct description of arthroplasty?

A)resurfacing of cartilage in a joint
B)reshaping of the ends of the bones in a joint
C)surgically replacing a joint with an artificial joint
D)injection of synovial fluid into the joint
E)a,b,and d

Question 69

Disuse of a limb,like would occur when the limb is in a cast,leads to muscular atrophy and _____ of the affected joint.

A)increased range of motion
B)decreased range of motion
C)increased fluid accumulation in bursa
D)loosening of the tendons
E)chronic inflammation

Question 70

The line is pointing to the _____ ligament.

A)fibular collateral
B)posterior cruciate
C)oblique popliteal
D)anterior cruciate

Question 71

The line is pointing to the _____ ligaments.

A)coracoacromial
B)acromioclavicular
C)glenohumeral
D)coracohumeral

Question 72

Which ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur?

A)Fibular collateral ligament
B)Anterior cruciate ligament
C)Posterior cruciate ligament
D)Patellar ligament
E)Arcuate popliteal ligament

Question 73

A condition in which a muscle or muscle and tendon is stretched or partially torn is called

A)bursitis.
B)a sprain.
C)a strain.
D)a dislocation.
E)an arthrosis.

Question 74

Bursae are saclike structures that are commonly found between bone and

A)skin.
B)muscle.
C)ligaments.
D)tendons.
E)all the other answer selections.

Question 75

The line is pointing to the _____.

A)lateral meniscus
B)medial meniscus
C)anterior cruciate ligament
D)posterior cruciate ligament