Deck 22: The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to Disease, and Immunity

Question 1

Which of these provides a non-specific cellular disease resistance mechanism?

A)Macrophages
B)T lymphocytes
C)B lymphocytes
D)Memory B cells
E)Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Describe the barriers used in innate defense.

Answer 2

Barriers used by the innate defense include epidermis,mucus,hairs,cilia,lacrimal apparatus,saliva,urine,vaginal secretions,sebum,perspiration and gastric juices.
Question

Question 3

Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system?

A)Spleen
B)Lymph node
C)Red bone marrow
D)Thymus
E)Pancreas

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in the

A)Lymphatic system
B)Cardiovascular system
C)Immune system
D)Lymphatic and Immune systems only
E)Lymphatic,Immune and Cardiovascular systems

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

A)Removes worn out blood cells
B)Circulates lymph
C)Cleanses interstitial fluid
D)Cleanses lymph
E)Traps microbes with mucus

Question 6

The left subclavian vein receives lymph from the

A)Left axillary vein
B)Lumbar trunk
C)Jugular trunk
D)Thoracic duct
E)Right lymphatic duct

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic and immune system?

A)Draining excess interstitial fluid
B)Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
C)Transporting dietary lipids
D)Carrying out immune responses

Question 8

Describe how lymphatic capillaries are one-way only vessels.

Question 9

Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?

A)Complement proteins
B)Perforin
C)Fever
D)Macrophages
E)Natural killer cells

Question 10

Which organ produces a hormone that promotes maturation of T cells?

A)Spleen
B)Lymph node
C)Red bone marrow
D)Thymus
E)Pancreas

Question 11

What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid?

A)Composition of electrolytes
B)White blood cells are present in lymph
C)Location
D)Types of proteins present
E)Red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid

Question 12

Which anti-microbial substances reduce viral replication (in uninfected cells)?

A)Transferrins
B)Perforins
C)Complement proteins
D)Defensins
E)Interferons

Question 13

What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?

A)Proteins
B)WBC
C)RBC
D)Lipids
E)Carbohydrates

Question 14

Which anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis,phagocytosis and inflammation?

A)Transferrins
B)Perforins
C)Complement proteins
D)Defensins
E)Interferons

Question 15

Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier?

A)Macrophages
B)Saliva
C)Urine
D)Mucus
E)Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?

A)Redness
B)Pain
C)Heat
D)Mucus production
E)Swelling

Question 17

In which part of the thymus are T cells thought to die?

A)Capsule
B)Trabeculae
C)Epithelial cells
D)Thymic (Hassall's)corpuscles
E)T cells do not die in the thymus

Question 18

Which chemical(s)do NOT induce vasodilation and permeability (increased fluid flow)to an infection site?

A)Histamines
B)Kinins
C)Perforin
D)Leukotrienes
E)Complement

Question 19

Lack of resistance is also known as:

A)Pathogenic
B)Innate
C)Specific
D)Susceptibility
E)Lymphatic

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?

A)Drain excessive interstitial fluid
B)Transport dietary lipids
C)Carry out immune responses
D)All of these are functions of the lymphatic system
E)None of these are functions of the lymphatic system

Question 21

To become activated,which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation?

A)B Cell
B)T Cell
C)Interferon
D)MHC antigen
E)Antigen presenting cell

Question 22

In the diagram this vessel drains lymph from the upper right side of the body into venous blood using a subclavian vein.

A)B
B)C
C)F
D)G
E)E

Question 23

Which of the following is an inactive,self responsive cell?

A)Deleted cell
B)Hybridoma cell
C)Epitopic cell
D)Anergy cell
E)Natural killer cell

Question 24

Which action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis?

A)Opsonization
B)Cytolysis
C)Inflammation
D)Complement
E)Hybridoma

Question 25

Which cells display CD4 proteins and interact with MHC Class II antigens?

A)Cytotoxic T cells
B)Helper T Cells
C)Memory T Cells
D)MHC antigens
E)B cells

Question 26

Which region includes B cells,follicular dendritic cells and macrophages?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)F

Question 27

In the diagram,which region includes B cells,plasma cells and macrophages?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)None of these choices

Question 28

Which class of cells includes macrophages,B cells and dendritic cells?

A)Antigen presenting cells
B)Primary lymphocytes
C)T cells
D)RBC
E)Epitope cells

Question 29

Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody?

A)Phagocytosis
B)Antigen
C)Antibody
D)Defensin
E)Immunoglobulin

Question 30

Describe what is happening in the diagram.

Question 31

Which of the following leads to inflammation,enhancement of phagocytosis and lysis of microbes?

A)Classical complement system
B)Alternative complement system
C)Apoptosis
D)Classical and Alternative complement systems
E)Hapten activation

Question 32

List the five actions of antibodies.

Question 33

Which class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat,tears,breast milk and GI secretions?

A)IgG
B)IgA
C)IgM
D)IgD
E)IgE

Question 34

When B and T cells are fully developed and mature,they are described as being

A)Immunocompetent
B)Pluripotent stem cells
C)Primary lymphatic cells
D)Specifically promoted
E)Germ cells

Question 35

Which T cell toxin fragments DNA?

A)Perforin
B)Tumor antigen
C)Interferons
D)Lymphotoxin
E)Toxin T

Question 36

What does this diagram represent?

Question 37

In the diagram,where do T cells mature?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)None of these choices

Question 38

Which of the following stimulates an immune response ONLY when it is attached to a large carrier molecule?

A)Epitope
B)Antigen
C)Hapten
D)MHC antigen
E)CD8

Question 39

In the diagram,where do pluripotent stem cells come from?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)None of these choices

Question 40

Genetic recombination generates diversity in what part (s)of the immune system?

A)Antigen receptors
B)MHC antigen
C)Hapten
D)MHC antigen and antigen receptors
E)Epitopes

Question 41

The inability of the immune system to protect the body from a pathogen causes

A)immunodeficiency diseases
B)allergy
C)autoimmune disease
D)transplantations
E)graft

Question 42

Which of the following is a small hormone that can stimulate or inhibit many normal cell functions?

A)Enzyme
B)Kinins
C)Cytokine
D)MHC
E)Leukocyte

Question 43

Which type of immunity defends against any type of invader?

A)Nonspecific
B)Specific
C)Cell mediated
D)Antibody mediated immunity
E)None of these choices

Question 44

Which structure in the figure is a lymphatic vessel?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)J
E)G

Question 45

Lymph travels from the medullary sinus to which structure in the figure?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 46

Natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to:

A)Passive immunity
B)Active immunity
C)Both of these choices
D)None of these choices

Question 47

An acute allergic response can lead to:

A)transplantation
B)retroviruses
C)anaphylactic shock
D)passive immunity
E)active immunity

Question 48

What types of cells are located in area C in the figure?

A)B cells and follicular dendritic cells
B)B cells and plasma cells
C)macrophages and B cells
D)T cells and dendritic cells
E)plasma cells and macrophages

Question 49

Which structure in the figure is the right lymphatic duct?

A)D
B)C
C)F
D)H
E)A

Question 50

The primary response will peak how many days after an exposure?

A)1 day or less
B)2-7
C)10-17
D)20-30
E)Over a month

Question 51

Lymph travels to the efferent lymphatic vessel from which structure in the figure?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 52

Lymph travels to the subcapsular sinus from which structure in the figure?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 53

What type of cell is located in area B in the figure?

A)B cells
B)dendritic cells
C)macrophages
D)T cells
E)plasma cells

Question 54

Lymph flowing from the afferent lymphatic vessel will travel next to which structure in the figure?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 55

The ability of an antigen to react specifically with the antibodies or cells it has provoked is called

A)Specificity
B)Immunogenicity
C)Reactivity
D)Epitopes
E)Immune Response

Question 56

Which structure in the figure is the main duct for the return of lymph to the blood?

A)A
B)F
C)G
D)C
E)H

Question 57

Which of the following cells is the most variable cell in the immune system?

A)Natural killer cell
B)Monocyte
C)RBC
D)Lymphocyte
E)Macrophage

Question 58

Which of the following cells is part of the body's second line of defense?

A)Mucous cells
B)Germ cells
C)B and T Lymphocytes
D)Natural killer cells
E)None of these choices

Question 59

Which class of antibodies indicates a recent invasion?

A)IgA
B)IgE
C)IgM
D)IgD
E)IgG

Question 60

Which structure in the figure is the cisterna chyli?

A)J
B)C
C)F
D)H
E)A

Question 61

Which of the following is an incorrect matching of immune system cells and their functions?

A)Macrophage - process and presentation of foreign antigens to T cells
B)Dendritic cell - processes and presents antigen to T and B cells
C)B cells - process and presents antigen to helper T cells
D)Plasma cell - produces and secretes antibodies
E)All of these are correct matching of the cells and their functions

Question 62

Which type of allergic reaction is the most common type?

A)Type I (anaphylactic)reaction
B)Type II (cytotoxic )reaction
C)Type III (immune-complex)reactions
D)Type IV (cell-mediated)reactions
E)All of these types are common allergic reactions.

Question 63

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the immune system?

A)Increased susceptibility to infections
B)Increased susceptibility to malignancies
C)Decreased response to vaccines
D)Increased response of T cells to antigens
E)Decreased production of antibodies

Question 64

Which of the following organ systems is NOT aided by the MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)?

A)Respiratory system
B)Digestive system
C)Muscular system
D)Urinary system
E)Reproductive system

Question 65

Which cell is considered to be the most important cell in the immune system?

A)Cytotoxic T Cells
B)B lymphocytes
C)T Helper cells
D)Eosinophils
E)macrophages

Question 66

Which cells of the immune system are the primary targets the HIV virus?

A)B cells
B)helper T cells
C)cytotoxic T cells
D)antigen-presenting cells
E)all of these cells are affected by HIV

Question 67

Which of the following is an effect of stress on the immune system?

A)Increased activity of T lymphocytes
B)Increased activity of B lymphocytes
C)Activation of the immune system
D)Inhibition of the immune system
E)Increased production of antibodies

Question 68

Natural passive immunity is associated with which of the following?

A)Vaccination
B)Exposure to a microbe resulting in antibody formation
C)Receiving booster shots
D)Transfer of IgG from mother to fetus
E)Intravenous injection of antibodies

Question 69

Which type of adaptive immunity will result from mother-to-baby IgA transfer via breast feeding?

A)naturally acquired active immunity
B)naturally acquired passive immunity
C)artificially acquired active immunity
D)artificially acquired passive immunity
E)None of these choices

Question 70

Which cytokine released by macrophages acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature during fever?

A)Interleukin-1
B)Interleukin-2
C)Interleukin-4
D)Gamma interferon
E)Perforin

Question 71

Which type of adaptive immunity will result from intravenous injection of immunoglobulins?

A)naturally acquired active immunity
B)naturally acquired passive immunity
C)artificially acquired active immunity
D)artificially acquired passive immunity
E)None of these choices

Question 72

Which cells increase the permeability of blood vessels by releasing histamine?

A)neutrophils
B)eosinophils
C)lymphocytes
D)mast cells
E)macrophages

Question 73

Plasma cells are located in which area in the figure?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)None of these choices

Question 74

Describe the ways to acquire adaptive immunity.

Question 75

Antigens that induce an allergic reaction are called

A)lymphotoxin
B)perforin
C)granulysin
D)interleukin-1
E)allergen