Deck 24: The Digestive System

Question 1

How many stages of deglutition are there?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)8

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of following processes is the primary function of the mouth?

A)Ingestion
B)Secretion
C)Mixing and propulsion
D)Absorption
E)None of these choices

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which portion of the peritoneum attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm?

A)Greater omentum
B)Falciform ligament
C)Lesser omentum
D)Mesentery
E)Mesocolon

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which portion of the peritoneum is largely responsible for carrying blood and lymph vessels to the intestines?

A)Greater omentum
B)Falciform ligament
C)Lesser omentum
D)Mesentery
E)Mesocolon

Question 5

Which structure is composed of prominent lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response?

A)Mucosa
B)Lamina propria
C)MALT
D)Submucosa
E)Serosa

Question 6

Which layer functions by secreting a lubricating fluid?

A)Serosa
B)Submucosa
C)Muscularis
D)Mucosa
E)MALT

Question 7

Why do emotions such as anger or fear slow digestion?

A)Because they stimulate the parasympathetic nerves supplying the GI tract
B)Because they stimulate the somatic nerves that supply the GI tract
C)Because they stimulate the sympathetic nerves that supply the GI tract
D)They do not affect digestion
E)Because all emotions are controlled by the Vagus nerve

Question 8

The capability of the GI tract to move material along its length is called
1)Motility
2)Propulsion
3)Digestion
4)Defecation

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)4 only
E)Both 1 and 2

Question 9

Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine?

A)Ingestion
B)Secretion
C)Mixing and propulsion
D)Absorption
E)None of these choices

Question 10

Deciduous molars are replaced by

A)Bicuspids
B)Molars
C)Incisors
D)Canines
E)Wisdom teeth

Question 11

Which plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis?

A)ENS
B)Myenteric plexus
C)Submucosal plexus
D)Digestive plexus
E)Absorption plexus

Question 12

Which layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue that binds the mucosa to the muscularis?

A)Submucosa
B)Lamina propria
C)Epithelium
D)Serosa
E)None of these choices

Question 13

Which of the following layers of the GI tract contains skeletal muscle?

A)Muscularis
B)Mucosa
C)Serosa
D)Submucosa

Question 14

Which portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine?

A)Greater omentum
B)Falciform ligament
C)Lesser omentum
D)Mesentery
E)Mesocolon

Question 15

Which layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue containing blood and lymph vessels?

A)Mucosa
B)Lamina propria
C)MALT
D)Muscularis
E)Epithelium

Question 16

Which of following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system?

A)Ingestion
B)Secretion
C)Mixing and propulsion
D)Absorption
E)None of these choices

Question 17

Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats?

A)Teeth
B)Salivary glands
C)Liver
D)Gallbladder
E)Pharynx

Question 18

Which of the following accessory organs stores bile?

A)Teeth
B)Salivary glands
C)Liver
D)Gallbladder
E)Pharynx

Question 19

Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food?

A)Teeth
B)Salivary glands
C)Liver
D)Gallbladder
E)Pharynx

Question 20

In the mouth,the tooth sockets are lined with

A)Gingivae
B)Cementum
C)Periodontal ligament
D)Pulp
E)Root

Question 21

Which digestive aid,produced by the stomach,begins digestion by denaturing proteins?

A)Bicarbonate ion
B)mucus
C)Bile
D)Hydrochloric acid
E)Water

Question 22

This of the following structures is found on the liver and is a remnant of the umbilical cord in a fetus?

A)Coronary ligament
B)Falciform ligament
C)Round ligament
D)Kupffer ligament
E)Bile ductules

Question 23

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes digests lipids?

A)Trypsin
B)Elastase
C)Lipase
D)Pepsin
E)All of these choices

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

A)Conversion of carbohydrates
B)Protein metabolism
C)Storage of bilirubin
D)Phagocytosis
E)Storage of vitamins

Question 25

Which of the following cells secrete hydrochloric acid?

A)Mucous cells
B)Parietal cells
C)Chief cells
D)Serosa cells
E)Chyme cells

Question 26

Which of the following is the principle bile pigment?

A)Stercobilin
B)Bilirubin
C)Biliverdin
D)Both Stercobilin and Bilirubin
E)All of these choices

Question 27

Which cell secretes the hormone that promotes production of hydrochloric acid?

A)Neck cell
B)Chief cell
C)G cell
D)Chyme cell
E)Parietal cell

Question 28

Brunner's glands

A)Secrete an acidic mucus
B)Secrete an alkaline juice
C)Secrete an alkaline mucus
D)Secrete an acidic juice

Question 29

Which hormone is stimulated by high levels of dietary fat in the small intestine?

A)Pepsin
B)Secretin
C)Gastrin
D)Cholecystokinin
E)Amylase

Question 30

Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon?

A)Ileocecal sphincter
B)Pyloric sphincter
C)Appendix
D)Sigmoid colon
E)Anal canal

Question 31

What is line A pointing to?

A)Lumen
B)MALT
C)Mucosa
D)Submucosa
E)Muscularis

Question 32

Which hormone functions to counteract the effect of gastric acid in the small intestine?

A)Pepsin
B)Secretin
C)Gastrin
D)Cholecystokinin
E)Amylase

Question 33

Which structure of the stomach allows greater distension for food storage?

A)Cardia
B)Fundus
C)Pylorus
D)Rugae
E)Sphincter

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine?

A)Mechanical digestion
B)Chemical digestion
C)Absorption
D)Feces formation
E)Regulation of blood glucose

Question 35

How long can food stay in the fundus before being mixed with gastric juices?

A)10 minutes
B)20 minutes
C)30 minutes
D)45 minutes
E)1 hour

Question 36

Which of the following small intestine cells secrete lysozyme?

A)Goblet cells
B)Absorptive cells
C)Mucosa cells
D)Paneth cells
E)S cells

Question 37

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on glycogen and starches?

A)Chymotrypsin
B)Amylase
C)Trypsin
D)Phosphatase
E)Nucleosidase

Question 38

Which of the following enzymes acts to produce monoglycerides as one product?

A)Lipase
B)Amylase
C)Trypsin
D)Phosphatase
E)Ligase

Question 39

Which major duct carries a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions?

A)Pancreatic duct
B)Hepatopancreatic duct
C)Cystic duct
D)Bile duct
E)Hepatic duct

Question 40

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on peptide bonds?

A)Chymotrypsin
B)Amylase
C)Pepsin
D)Phosphatase
E)Nucleosidase

Question 41

Name the structure labeled G

A)Parietal cell
B)Gastric glands
C)Gastric pit
D)Chief cell
E)Simple columnar epithelium

Question 42

Which structure consists of calcified connective tissue?

A)A
B)B
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 43

This is the area where pyloric stenosis occurs.

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)B
E)I

Question 44

What does line G point to?

A)Pylorus
B)Pyloric sphincter
C)Rugae
D)Pyloric antrum
E)Greater curvature

Question 45

Describe the structural characteristics of the small intestine that enhance its function as the major absorber of nutrients.

Question 46

Which the portion of the stomach connects to the duodenum?

A)A
B)E
C)D
D)B

Question 47

What layer is composed of areolar connective tissue and epithelium?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)none of these

Question 48

What is line I pointing to?

A)Greater curvature
B)Lesser curvature
C)Body
D)Fundus
E)Cardia

Question 49

Describe the role of the liver in protein metabolism.

Question 50

Identify the protein-hydrolyzing enzymes in the digestive tract,and name their sources.Why are these enzymes released in an inactive form?

Question 51

Describe the structures and functions of the enteric nervous system.

Question 52

Which of the following cells secretes intrinsic factor?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 53

What is line F pointing to?

A)Pulp cavity
B)Cementum
C)Root canal
D)Alveolar bone
E)Gingival sulcus

Question 54

Which structure has an opening called the apical foramen?

A)A
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 55

Which layer contains the lamina propria?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 56

Which of the following cells secretes pepsinogen?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 57

Which of the following cells secretes gastrin?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 58

Explain why food does not normally go up into your nasal cavity or down into your lungs when you swallow-even if you are standing on your head when you swallow.

Question 59

Name the structure labeled F

A)Parietal cell
B)Gastric glands
C)Gastric pit
D)Chief cell
E)Simple columnar epithelium

Question 60

Which of the following cells secrete mucus?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E

Question 61

Which of the following is a contribution of the digestive system to the muscular system?

A)Small intestine absorbs dietary calcium and phosphorous salts.
B)The liver can convert lactic acid to glucose.
C)Small intestine absorbs vitamin D.
D)Excess dietary calories are stored as triglycerides in adipose cells.
E)The liver synthesizes most plasma proteins.

Question 62

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled C,that produces fatty acids and monoglycerides during digestion is called:

A)Sucrase
B)Pancreatic lipase
C)Salivary amylase
D)Trypsin
E)Elastase

Question 63

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled D,that produces only glucose as a product is called:

A)maltase
B)pancreatic lipase
C)sucrase
D)pepsin
E)nucleases

Question 64

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled D,that produces both glucose and galactose as products is called:

A)lactase
B)pancreatic lipase
C)sucrase
D)pepsin
E)nucleases

Question 65

Name the layer labeled A

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT a change in the digestive system associated with aging?

A)Decreased secretory mechanisms
B)Decreased motility of the digestive organs
C)Loss of strength and tone of the muscular tissue
D)changes in neurosensory feedback regarding enzyme and hormone release
E)All of these are age related changes in the digestive system.

Question 67

Name the layer labeled C

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 68

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled C,which digests DNA is called:

A)Deoxyribonuclease
B)Ribonuclease
C)Salivary amylase
D)Pepsin
E)sucrase

Question 69

Name the layer labeled B

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 70

Which type of hepatitis is spread via fecal contamination of objects such as food,clothing,toys,and eating utensils and is characterized by loss of appetite,malaise,nausea,diarrhea,fever,and chills.

A)Hepatitis A
B)Hepatitis B
C)Hepatitis C
D)Hepatitis D
E)Hepatitis E

Question 71

Which of the following disorders can occur in the organ labeled B?

A)Appendicitis
B)mumps
C)pancreatitis
D)hepatitis
E)peptic ulcers

Question 72

Which of the following is the forerunner of the gastrointestinal tract?

A)primitive gut
B)foregut
C)midgut
D)hindgut
E)endoderm

Question 73

Which of the following disorders involving the organ labeled E can result from viruses,drugs and chemicals such as alcohol?

A)heartburn
B)mumps
C)pancreatitis
D)hepatitis
E)vomiting

Question 74

Name the layer labeled E

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 75

Name the layer labeled D

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle