Deck 15: Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Question 1

Which of the following is the structure for 2-bromopropanoic acid?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Answer 1

Question 2

The acids were among the first organic compounds studied.Why?

A) simplicity
B) color
C) aroma
D) abundance

Answer 2

abundance

Question 3

What reagent is necessary to complete the following reaction?

A) Na
B) NaCl
C) NaOH
D) Na₂O₂

Answer 3

NaOH

Question 4

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown below?

A) sodium 3-methylbutanonate
B) sodium 2-methylbutanonate
C) 2-methyl sodium butanonate
D) 3-methyl sodium butanonate

Question 5

Which of the following would you expect to have the highest boiling point?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 6

Which acid is responsible for the stinging sensation from the bite of a fire ant?

A) acetic acid
B) butyric acid
C) caproic acid
D) formic acid

Question 7

Which of the following is used to represent an organic acid?

A) COH
B) COC
C) COOH
D) CHO

Question 8

Which of the following is produced in the reaction shown below.

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 9

Which of the following is used as a mold inhibitor in bakery goods?

A) calcium propionate
B) calcium citrate
C) sodium stearate
D) sodium formate

Question 10

What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound given below?

A) 1-methyl-3-benzoic acid
B) 3-methyl-1-benzoic acid
C) 3-methylbenzoic acid
D) 3-methylbenzoate

Question 11

Two molecules of a carboxylic acid are joined together by two hydrogen bonds.This is referred to as a(n)____.

A) dimer
B) amide
C) ester
D) carboxylate

Question 12

Which physical relationship is attributed to carboxylic acids?

A) Since the carboxylic acids evaporate quickly they all have a scent.
B) The boiling point of carboxylic acids increases with the molecular weight.
C) The carboxylic acids are wax-like solids in the solid state.
D) None of these responses are correct.

Question 13

What is a source of oxalic acid?

A) rust stains
B) citrus fruits
C) spinach
D) pickles

Question 14

As CH₃COOH dissolves in water,H₃O⁺ and ____ are formed.

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 15

What is the name of the potassium salt of m-ethylbenzoic acid?

A) potassium m-ethylbenzoic acid
B) potassium m-ethylbenzoic
C) potassium m-ethylbenzoate
D) m-ethyl potassium benzoate

Question 16

Which of the following compounds would be most soluble in water?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 17

Which of the following conditions would favor the carboxylate ion instead of the carboxylic acid?

A) low pH
B) high pH
C) both low pH and high pH
D) neither low pH or high pH

Question 18

What is the IUPAC name for 5-bromobenzoic acid?

A) 5-bromobenzoate
B) 1-bromo-5-benzoic acid
C) 2-bromobenzoic acid
D) 3-bromobenzoic acid

Question 19

Which of the following is an ingredient in soaps?

A) sodium benzoate
B) sodium propionate
C) sodium stearate
D) zinc 10-undecylenate

Question 20

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound?

A) 3-ethylbutanoic acid
B) 2-ethylbutanoic acid
C) 2-pentanoic acid
D) 2-ethylpentanoic acid

Question 21

Which of the following is the structure of methyl acetate?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 22

What is the product of the following reaction?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 23

The pleasant,characteristic odor of fruit flavorings is often associated with the presence of

A) carboxylic acids.
B) carboxylic salts.
C) esters.
D) aldehydes.

Question 24

What is the common name of the compound shown below?

A) methyl propionate
B) propyl acetate
C) ethyl acetate
D) ethyl propionate

Question 25

When a carboxylic acid reacts with alcohol,the organic product is a(n)____.

A) acetal
B) hemiacetal
C) ester
D) salt

Question 26

Which of the following can react with alcohols to form esters?

A) sulfuric acid
B) carboxylic acid
C) nitric acid
D) more than one response is correct

Question 27

Which letter indicates the ester linkage in the following figure?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d

Question 28

The IUPAC name of the ester formed from methanol and benzoic acid is called

A) methyl benzoic acid.
B) methanol benzoate.
C) methyl benzoate.
D) benzyl methanoate.

Question 29

Saponification is a chemical reaction

A) that results in a soap.
B) due to the presence of a strong organic acid.
C) that results in an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
D) that explains why soap does not wash off easily in hard water.

Question 30

Phosphate esters are prepared from

A) phosphoric acid + alcohol.
B) phosphoric acid + carboxylic acid.
C) phosphoric acid + ester.
D) ester + phosphate.

Question 31

Which term correctly describes the following reaction?

A) esterification
B) dissociation
C) hydrolysis
D) saponification

Question 32

Which substance,when oxidized,results in the formation of this compound?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 33

Which of the following materials is a product from the given reaction?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 34

The sodium salt of benzoic acid is used as

A) a food preservative.
B) an antacid.
C) a flavoring agent.
D) a soap.

Question 35

Which ester would give CH₃COOH and CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH upon hydrolysis?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 36

What would be the products if ethyl stearate were to undergo hydrolysis?

A) There would be no products formed.
B) The products would be ethylaldehyde and stearone.
C) The products would be ethanol and stearic acid.
D) The products would be ethyl stearate hydrate.

Question 37

Nitrate esters are found in some

A) flavoring agents.
B) detergents.
C) food preservatives.
D) explosives.

Question 38

Give the IUPAC name for the compound shown below.

A) propyl ethanoate
B) propyl ethanate
C) ethyl acetate
D) ethyl propanoate

Question 39

The IUPAC name of the ester formed from butanoic acid and ethanol is

A) butyl ethanate.
B) butyl ethanonate.
C) ethyl proponoate.
D) ethyl butanoate.

Question 40

What are products of the following reaction?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 41

Which of the following statements about carboxylic acids is true?

A) All are weak acids.
B) Produce hydrogen ions in water.
C) Will react with strong bases.
D) All of the choices are true.

Question 42

Which of the following is the structure of 3-bromopropanoic acid?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 43

Reacting a carboxylic acid with a base will produce?

A) an ester
B) no reaction
C) a carboxylate salt
D) an anhydride

Question 44

Which of the following correctly shows what is produced as a result of increased oxidation of carbon?

A) alcohol > aldehyde > ketone > carboxylic acid
B) alkene > alcohol > aldehyde > carboxylic acid
C) ketone > alcohol > carboxylic acid > aldehyde
D) alcohol > alkene > ketone > aldehyde

Question 45

Which compound could be used to produce the following compound on reaction with ethanol under appropriate conditions?

A)

B)

C)

D) Any of them could be used.

Question 46

Which of the following is structure of bromomethyl ethanoate?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 47

Which of the following causes the noxious odor of rancid butter?

A) butyric acid
B) oxalic acid
C) lactic acid
D) stearic acid

Question 48

A common preservative found in many foods to prevent the growth of bacteria and mold is

A) sodium propanoate.
B) ethyl butanoate.
C) sodium stearate.
D) methyl salicylate.

Question 49

What would be produced as the result of a dehydration reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?

A) aldehyde
B) ester
C) acid anhydride
D) alkene

Question 50

Alpha hydroxy acids can be found in which of the following?

A) apples
B) sour milk
C) sugar beets
D) all the choices

Question 51

What is the IUPAC name for the compound shown below?

A) ethyl 2-chlorobenzoate
B) 2-chloroethoxybenzoate
C) 2-chloroethoxyphenolate
D) o-chloroethoxybenzoate

Question 52

Reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol will produce?

A) an ester
B) no reaction
C) a carboxylate salt
D) an anhydride

Question 53

A wax is the product of the reaction between a fatty acid and fatty alcohol.As such,you would expect the resulting functional group to be which of the following? (Hint: The term fatty simply means that the carbon chains involved are both linear and at least 12 carbons long).

A) ether
B) anhydride
C) glycol
D) ester

Question 54

Carboxylic acids dissociate as showed in the following equation.Based on this information,we know that

A) carboxylic acids are weak acids.
B) carboxylic acids are weak electrolytes
C) carboxylic acids will reduce the pH when added to water.
D) All of the above

Question 55

The following ion could be converted to the corresponding carboxylic acid by _____.

A) heating
B) adding an acid
C) adding water
D) adding a base

Question 56

How many mL of a 0.150 M solution of KOH would be required to titrate 25.0 mL of a 0.125 M solution of the following acid,which can be used as a standard in acid-base titrations?

A) 10.4 mL
B) 30.0 mL
C) 20.8 mL
D) 41.7 mL

Question 57

Which of the following has the greatest solubility in water?

A) formic acid
B) propionic acid
C) acetic acid
D) all are equal

Question 58

Which of the following sets of reactants could be used to produce a polyester?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 59

If an intermediate in metabolism is a diester of phosphoric acid,it would have which general formula? (Note: R represents a generic alkyl chain. )

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 60

Carboxylic acids dissociate in a manner shown in the following equation.Identify the conjugate base for the acid of the forward reaction.

A) RCOOH
B) RCOO^-
C) H₂O
D) H₃O⁺

Question 61

Pure liquid carboxylic acids are strongly hydrogen bonded even in the absence of water.

Question 62

An ester is equivalent to the inorganic term salt.

Question 63

Esters contain a carbonyl group attached directly to two carbons.

Question 64

Butyric acid is composed of a molecule that is small enough to evaporate from the liquid state at room temperature and,therefore,may have a scent.

Question 65

Carboxylic acids are not polar and are expected to have a relatively high boiling point.

Question 66

Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than water.

Question 67

The other product in the formation of an ester from an acid and an alcohol is water.

Question 68

Some alpha-hydroxy acids are used in cosmetics as an exfoliating agent to remove dead skin.Which of the following compounds would be considered an alpha hydroxy acid?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 69

Carboxylic acids react readily with sodium hydroxide to form salts.

Question 70

Because carboxylic acids can have more than one carboxyl carbon,they are among the more acidic compounds found in the study of chemistry.

Question 71

Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid.

Question 72

At pH 2,the predominant form of a carboxylic acid is the carboxylate anion.

Question 73

The carboxyl group found in carboxylic acids must be on a terminal carbon.

Question 74

Decanoic acid would likely be water soluble.

Question 75

Esters are formed when an alcohol and a carboxylic acid react by means of hydrolysis.

Question 76

Even though aspirin is named acetylsalicylic acid,aspirin contains the ester configuration due to the chemical reaction of a carboxyl group of the salicylic acid and acetic acid.

Question 77

Nitroglycerin is a compound that is formed by the reaction of three molecules of nitric acid with a molecule of glycerol,and is an ester.

Question 78

Aldehydes are usually higher boiling than carboxylic acids with the same number of carbon atoms.

Question 79

Carboxylic acids are weaker acids than HCl.

Question 80

The simplest of the carboxylic acids is formic acid.