Deck 16: Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Data

Question 1

What term is used to describe a white blood cell (WBC) count that is above normal values?

A)leukocytosis
B)leukopenia
C)neutropenia
D)polycythemia

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What term is used to describe a potassium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?

A)hypokalemia
B)hyponatremia
C)hypocalcemia
D)hypochloremia

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the formed elements in the blood?

A)leukocytes
B)erythrocytes
C)thrombocytes
D)electrolytes

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What term is used to describe a platelet count below normal?

A)anemia
B)leukopenia
C)thrombocytopenia
D)neutropenia

Question 5

In which of the following clinical settings would hyperkalemia be a significant problem?

A)during weaning from mechanical ventilation
B)in a patient with pleural effusion
C)in a patient with kyphoscoliosis
D)during spirometry testing

Question 6

What term is used to describe a white blood cell (WBC) count that is below normal values?

A)anemia
B)thrombocytopenia
C)leukopenia
D)hyponatremia

Question 7

The mean cell hemoglobin concentration of your patient is reduced. What type of anemia is this?

A)microcytic
B)macrocytic
C)hypochromic
D)hypotrophic

Question 8

What test is useful for evaluating the blood-clotting ability of your patient?

A)red blood cell count
B)platelet count
C)neutrophil count
D)hematocrit

Question 9

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is above normal values?

A)leukocytosis
B)leukopenia
C)anemia
D)polycythemia

Question 10

The total carbon dioxide (CO₂) value is linked to what electrolyte in the blood serum?

A)sodium
B)potassium
C)bicarbonate (HCO₃^-)
D)chloride

Question 11

What type of white blood cell increases in response to viral infections?

A)neutrophils
B)eosinophils
C)lymphocytes
D)monocytes

Question 12

What abnormality in the complete blood count is often seen in a patient with chronic lung disease that causes significant hypoxemia?

A)leukocytosis
B)anemia
C)polycythemia
D)leukopenia

Question 13

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is below normal values?

A)leukocytosis
B)leukopenia
C)anemia
D)polycythemia

Question 14

What is the name used for immature neutrophils?

A)segs
B)bands
C)polys
D)monos

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a cause of leukopenia?

A)chemotherapy
B)bone marrow disease
C)radiation therapy
D)antibiotics

Question 16

Which of the following values represents a normal serum potassium level?

A)137 to 147 mEq/L
B)98 to 105 mEq/L
C)7 to 20 mEq/L
D)3.5 to 4.8 mEq/L

Question 17

The sweat chloride level is used to diagnose which of the following disorders?

A)asthma
B)cystic fibrosis
C)hyperthyroidism
D)hepatitis

Question 18

What term is used to describe a sodium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?

A)hypokalemia
B)hyponatremia
C)hypocalcemia
D)hypochloremia

Question 19

What type of white blood cell increases in response to allergic reactions?

A)neutrophils
B)eosinophils
C)lymphocytes
D)monocytes

Question 20

What term is used to describe the increase in neutrophils due to recruitment of marginated cells back into the circulating blood?

A)acute neutropenia
B)pseudoneutrophilia
C)thrombocytopenia
D)an acute left shift

Question 21

Which of the following tests is used to evaluate renal function?

A)creatinine
B)protein level
C)serum enzymes
D)sweat chloride

Question 22

Which of the following symptoms is least often associated with hypoglycemia?

A)shortness of breath
B)weakness
C)increase sweating
D)lethargy

Question 23

What is indicated by an elevation of the anion gap?

A)respiratory failure
B)metabolic alkalosis
C)metabolic acidosis
D)renal failure

Question 24

Which of the following statements is NOT true about type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

A)Type 1 often occurs initially in childhood.
B)Type 2 is much more common than type 1.
C)Type 1 is most often due to increased caloric intake.
D)Genetics may play a role in both type 1 and type 2.

Question 25

Your patient has an elevated creatine kinase level. What two organs are most likely diseased?

A)heart and skeletal muscle
B)liver and heart
C)kidney and heart
D)brain and liver

Question 26

What should be done in response to a sputum sample that has many epithelial cells in it?

A)repeat Gram stain
B)sputum culture
C)sputum sensitivity
D)obtain new sputum sample

Question 27

Your patient has an elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST). What two organs are most likely diseased?

A)heart and brain
B)liver and kidney
C)brain and kidney
D)heart and liver

Question 28

What is the normal anion gap?

A)5 to 10 mEq/L
B)8 to 16 mEq/L
C)25 to 32 mEq/L
D)35 to 45 mEq/L

Question 29

Which of the following Gram stain results suggests the most legitimate sputum sample in a patient with pneumonia?

A)many epithelial cells and many pus cells
B)few pus cells and many epithelial cells
C)few pus cells and few epithelial cells
D)few epithelial cells and many pus cells

Question 30

What is the upper limit of normal for the fasting blood glucose level?

A)50 mg/dl
B)85 mg/dl
C)105 mg/dl
D)140 mg/dl