Question 1

Which of the following diseases infects T cells?&#10;A)HIV&#10;B)Tuberculosis&#10;C)Tetanus&#10;D)Syphilis

Accepted Answer

HIV infects T cells and slowly kills them.T cells have special receptors on their surfaces and are primarily responsible for immunity.As more T cells die,the body's ability to fight infection weakens.
Tuberculosis is transmitted through contact with airborne droplets.
Tetanus is transmitted through a wound or puncture from a soiled instrument and is a disease of the nervous system.
Syphilis is usually transmitted through sexual contact or contact with a lesion.

Question 2

What is the name of a new and separate class of disease-producing molecules that are composed of proteins that lack nucleic acids?&#10;A)Prions&#10;B)Scrapie&#10;C)DNA/RNA&#10;D)Algae

Accepted Answer

Prions are a new and separate class of disease-producing molecules that convert normal protein molecules into dangerous ones.Prions are unlike all other known pathogens.They differ from viruses and bacteria in that they are composed only of protein.
Scrapie is a prion disease found in sheep.
The protein molecules described lack DNA and RNA.
Algae usually do not produce disease in humans.

Question 3

Which is the smallest of the major groups of microorganisms?&#10;A)Bacteria&#10;B)Protozoa&#10;C)Fungi&#10;D)Viruses

Accepted Answer

Viruses are the smallest and can be seen only with a powerful electron microscope.
Bacteria are not the smallest microorganisms.
Protozoa are much larger than the smallest microorganism.
Fungi are not the smallest microorganisms.

Question 4

Kill time for which of the following infectious agents is the benchmark for the effectiveness of a surface disinfectant?&#10;A)West Nile virus&#10;B)Tetanus&#10;C)Tuberculosis&#10;D)Syphilis

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of a surface disinfectant is determined by the time it takes to kill tuberculosis on a surface.
Because West Nile is a virus,its survival time outside a living host is limited.
The bacterium that causes tetanus is not used as the standard for testing the effectiveness of a surface disinfectant.
The bacteria that cause syphilis can be destroyed with disinfectants and antibiotics more easily than tuberculosis.

Question 5

Dental assistants should be immunized against which of the following viral infections?&#10;A)Hepatitis B&#10;B)Hepatitis C&#10;C)Tetanus&#10;D)Tuberculosis

Accepted Answer

All dental personnel with a chance of occupational exposure should be vaccinated against hepatitis B.The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)Blood-borne Pathogens Standard requires that an employer offer the hepatitis B vaccination,at no cost to the employee,within 10 days of initial assignment to a position in which an employee may be occupationally exposed to blood or other body fluids.
There is no immunization against hepatitis C at this time.
Tetanus is caused by a spore-forming bacillus in soil,dust,or animal or human feces.Dental office personnel can be vaccinated to prevent tetanus; however,immunity must be kept current through booster doses.
Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection; it is not viral.

Question 6

Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by:&#10;A)fungi.&#10;B)bacteria.&#10;C)protozoa.&#10;D)rickettsiae.

Accepted Answer

Oral candidiasis,a common opportunistic infection found in the oral cavity,is caused by yeast.Yeast is a form of fungi.
Bacteria do not cause oral candidiasis.
Protozoa cause disease primarily in the intestinal tract,blood,lungs,liver,or brain.
Rickettsiae are nonmotile bacteria.They are associated with typhus and Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Question 7

Which of the following is a group of one-celled organisms that do not have a rigid cell wall?&#10;A)Algae&#10;B)Protozoa&#10;C)Fungi&#10;D)Rickettsiae

Accepted Answer

Protozoa are one-celled organisms found in freshwater and marine habitats and in moist soil.Their diet includes bacteria,small algae,and other protozoa.A small number of protozoa are responsible for intestinal infections of humans; others invade the blood,lungs,liver,or brain.
Algae range from microscopic single-cell organisms to larger multiple-cell organisms such as seaweed and kelp.
Fungi are organisms such as mushrooms,yeasts,and molds that lack chlorophyll.
Rickettsiae are short,nonmotile rods that are found in the intestinal tracts of some insects.

Question 8

Which of the following is the most resistant form of life known?&#10;A)Virulent fungus&#10;B)Capsule&#10;C)Spore&#10;D)Anaerobe

Accepted Answer

Spores can survive extremes of heat and dryness,and even the presence of disinfectants and radiation.Because of this resistance,harmless spores are used to test the effectiveness of techniques used to sterilize dental instruments.
Virulent fungi,capsules,and anaerobes are not as resistant as spores to heat,dryness,and disinfectants.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct term used to describe microorganisms that produce disease in humans?&#10;A)Pandemic&#10;B)Pathogen&#10;C)Percutaneous&#10;D)Germ

Accepted Answer

Pathogens are disease-producing microorganisms.
A pandemic is a condition that occurs throughout the people of a country or the world.
The term percutaneous means "through the skin," such as a needle stick,a cut,or a human bite.
The term germ refers to any microorganism,including those that are pathogenic.

Question 10

Which of the following types of bacteria have a spiral shape?&#10;A)Cocci&#10;B)Diplococci&#10;C)Bacilli&#10;D)Spirochetes

Accepted Answer

Spirochetes are spiral bacteria.
Cocci are spherical bacteria.
Diplococci are pairs of spherical bacteria.
Bacilli have a rodlike shape.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a dental sign of second-stage infectious syphilis?&#10;A)Split papules at the corners of the mouth&#10;B)Geographic tongue&#10;C)Grayish-white, moist, &#34;mucous patches&#34; on the tongue, roof of the mouth, tonsils, or inner surfaces of the lips&#10;D)Generalized measles-type rash, poxlike pustules, oozing sores, and hair falling from the scalp

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Question 12

Which of the following diseases is the leading cause of death worldwide?&#10;A)Legionnaires' disease&#10;B)HIV&#10;C)Tetanus&#10;D)Tuberculosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases is the...

Question 13

What type of microorganisms are known as obligate intracellular parasites,meaning that they can live and multiply only inside an appropriate host cell?&#10;A)Bacteria&#10;B)Viruses&#10;C)Protozoa&#10;D)Algae&#10;E)Fungi

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of microorganisms are known as...

Question 14

Bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen are called:&#10;A)aerobes.&#10;B)anaerobes.&#10;C)spores.&#10;D)gram-negative.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria that grow in the absence of...

Question 15

Human prion diseases affect which of the following tissues?&#10;A)Heart&#10;B)Lungs&#10;C)Brain&#10;D)Liver

Accepted Answer

The answer of Human prion diseases affect which of the...

Question 16

Which of the following forms of hepatitis is spread through fecal-oral contamination?&#10;A)Hepatitis A&#10;B)Hepatitis B&#10;C)Hepatitis C&#10;D)Hepatitis D

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following forms of hepatitis...

Question 17

It is important for the dental assistant to have a foundation in microbiology to understand the nature of pathogens and to:&#10;A)treat viral diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus.&#10;B)treat bacterial diseases, such as tuberculosis.&#10;C)know how to prevent disease transmission in the dental office.&#10;D)cure diseases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is important for the dental assistant...

Question 18

General antibiotics are ineffective in preventing or curtailing:&#10;A)bacteria.&#10;B)spores.&#10;C)anaerobes.&#10;D)viral infections.

Accepted Answer

The answer of General antibiotics are ineffective in preventing or...

Question 19

HIV infects cells known as CD4 cells,and hepatitis virus infects only liver cells because of:&#10;A)diversity.&#10;B)latency.&#10;C)specificity.&#10;D)singularity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of HIV infects cells known as CD4 cells,and...

Question 20

Chemicals such as chlorine (bleach),iodine,phenol,and formaldehyde are:&#10;A)unable to destroy viruses on surfaces coming into contact with infected patients.&#10;B)unable to destroy viruses on objects coming into contact with infected patients.&#10;C)able to destroy viruses in the external environment.&#10;D)used internally as effective antiviral medications.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chemicals such as chlorine (bleach),iodine,phenol,and formaldehyde are:&#10;A)unable...

Question 21

Which of the following was an English surgeon who recognized the role of airborne microorganisms in postsurgical infections?&#10;A)Louis Pasteur&#10;B)Aristotle&#10;C)Robert Koch&#10;D)Joseph Lister

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was an English...

Question 22

Which of the following diseases can be prevented by immunization?&#10;A)Hepatitis B&#10;B)Hepatitis C&#10;C)Hepatitis D&#10;D)Hepatitis E

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases can be...

Question 23

Which herpes simplex virus type causes Burkitt lymphoma?&#10;A)Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV 1)&#10;B)Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV 2)&#10;C)Herpes varicella-zoster virus (HZV)&#10;D)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which herpes simplex virus type causes Burkitt...

Question 24

______ is the study of microorganisms.&#10;A)Anatomy&#10;B)Microbiology&#10;C)Antiseptic&#10;D)Disinfectant

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ is the study of microorganisms.&#10;A)Anatomy&#10;B)Microbiology&#10;C)Antiseptic&#10;D)Disinfectant...

Question 25

_______ is the study of viruses and their effects.&#10;A)Diversity&#10;B)Latency&#10;C)Virology&#10;D)Singularity

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is the study of viruses and...

Question 26

Which of the following types of bacteria have a rodlike shape?&#10;A)Cocci&#10;B)Gram-positive bacteria&#10;C)Bacilli&#10;D)Spirochetes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of bacteria...

Question 27

Which of the following types of microorganisms contain chlorophyll?&#10;A)Protozoa&#10;B)Algae&#10;C)Fungi&#10;D)Rickettsiae

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of microorganisms...

Question 28

Bacteria that do require oxygen in order to grow are called:&#10;A)anaerobes.&#10;B)aerobes.&#10;C)spores.&#10;D)gram-negative.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria that do require oxygen in order...

Question 29

Which of the following diseases is commonly known as lockjaw?&#10;A)Legionnaires' disease&#10;B)Syphilis&#10;C)Tuberculosis&#10;D)Tetanus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases is commonly...

Question 30

Which type of microorganism causes chickenpox,shingles,measles,and herpes?&#10;A)Hepatitis A&#10;B)Hepatitis B&#10;C)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)&#10;D)Herpesvirus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of microorganism causes chickenpox,shingles,measles,and herpes?&#10;A)Hepatitis...

Question 31

A viral disease cannot be transmitted through:&#10;A)direct contact and blood transfusion.&#10;B)insects and contaminated food or water.&#10;C)coughing or sneezing.&#10;D)radiation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A viral disease cannot be transmitted through:&#10;A)direct...

Question 32

Which disease is caused by a spore-forming bacillus found in soil?&#10;A)HIV&#10;B)Tuberculosis&#10;C)Tetanus&#10;D)Syphilis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which disease is caused by a spore-forming...

Question 33

Which of the following types of microorganisms do not produce human diseases?&#10;A)Virus&#10;B)Nonpathogenic&#10;C)Pasteurized&#10;D)Germ

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of microorganisms...

Question 34

Which chemicals are capable of destroying viruses in an external environment?&#10;A)Chlorine (bleach)&#10;B)Alcohol&#10;C)Soap&#10;D)Ammonia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which chemicals are capable of destroying viruses...

Question 35

Which of the following diseases is spread through sexual contact with an infected person and by needle sharing among drug users?&#10;A)Legionnaires' disease&#10;B)HIV&#10;C)Tetanus&#10;D)Tuberculosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases is spread...

Question 36

Which of the following diseases presents the highest risk to dental personnel?&#10;A)Hepatitis A&#10;B)Hepatitis B&#10;C)Hepatitis C&#10;D)Hepatitis D

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases presents the...

Question 37

A provirus is found when a virus establishes a(n)______ state in a host cell.&#10;A)latent&#10;B)specific&#10;C)virulent&#10;D)active

Accepted Answer

The answer of A provirus is found when a virus...

Question 38

Which of the following types of bacteria normally live in the intestinal tract of insects?&#10;A)Tuberculosis&#10;B)Tetanus&#10;C)Rickettsiae&#10;D)Actinomyces israelii

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of bacteria...

Question 39

Which of the following types of viruses causes chickenpox?&#10;A)Herpes zoster&#10;B)Spores&#10;C)Herpes type 1&#10;D)Epstein-Barr virus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of viruses...

Question 40

_______ is responsible for 34% of all types of acute viral hepatitis.&#10;A)HIV&#10;B)Hepatitis A&#10;C)HBV&#10;D)Herpesvirus

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is responsible for 34% of all...

Deck 18: Microbiology