Question 1

What is the most influential source of self-efficacy?&#10;A)Mastery&#10;B)Affective states&#10;C)Verbal persuasion&#10;D)Vicarious experience

Accepted Answer

Four primary influences shape an individual's self-efficacy beliefs: mastery; vicarious experience; verbal persuasion and other social influences; and physiological and affective states that help us judge our capability and our vulnerability to dysfunction. Mastery reflects a belief about whether or not "we have what it takes to succeed" and is considered the most influential source of self-efficacy.

Question 2

According to the World Health Organization's ICF Bio-Psycho-Social Model, which of the following factors is an environmental contextual factor?&#10;A)Social background&#10;B)Behaviour pattern&#10;C)Social attitudes&#10;D)Coping style

Accepted Answer

Contextual factors are composed of external environmental factors (e.g., social attitudes, architectural characteristics, and legal and social structures, as well as climate, terrain, and so forth). The other choices represent internal personal factors (e.g., gender, age, coping styles, social background, education, profession, past and current experience, overall behaviour pattern, character, and other factors that influence how disability is experienced by the individual).

Question 3

Which of the following models calls for a political response to disability?&#10;A)Social&#10;B)Medical&#10;C)Activist&#10;D)Collaborative

Accepted Answer

The social model of disability, conversely, sees disability as a socially created problem and not an inherent attribute of an individual (Barnes, 2012). The social model perspective calls for a political response, because the problem is created by an unaccommodating physical environment brought about by attitudes and other features of the social environment.

Question 4

Which of these clients assigned to the nurse is most likely to need planning for long-term nursing management?&#10;A)22-year-old with appendicitis who has had an emergency appendectomy&#10;B)56-year-old with bilateral knee osteoarthritis who weighs 159 kg&#10;C)34-year-old with cholecystitis who has had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy&#10;D)62-year-old with acute sinusitis who will require antibiotic therapy for 5 days

Accepted Answer

The client's osteoarthritis is a chronic problem that will require planning for long-term interventions such as physical therapy and nutrition counselling. The other clients have acute problems that are not likely to require long-term management.

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes who has been hospitalized with severe hyperglycemia. Which of the following topics will be most important to include in discharge teaching?&#10;A)Effect of endogenous insulin on transportation of glucose into cells&#10;B)Function of the liver in formation of glycogen and gluconeogenesis&#10;C)Impact of the client's family history on likelihood of developing diabetes&#10;D)Symptoms indicating that the client should contact the health care provider

Accepted Answer

One of the tasks for clients with chronic illnesses is to prevent and manage a crisis. The client needs instruction on recognition of symptoms of hyperglycemia and appropriate actions to take if these symptoms occur. The other information also may be included in client teaching, but is not as essential in the client's self-management of the illness.

Question 6

Which of the following models view disability as directly caused by disease or trauma?&#10;A)Social&#10;B)Nursing&#10;C)Medical&#10;D)Collaborative

Accepted Answer

The medical model views disability as directly caused by disease, trauma, or another health condition. Disability, from the medical model perspective, necessitates medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by providers to "correct" the problem with the individual. The social model of disability, conversely, sees disability as a socially created problem and not an inherent attribute of an individual.

Question 7

Which of the following levels are part of the client response to health care recommendations based on a continuum of self-care? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A)Compliance&#10;B)Adherence&#10;C)Self-care&#10;D)Denial&#10;E)Acceptance

Accepted Answer

Compliance, adherence, and self-care makeup the three levels of client response to health care recommendations on a continuum of self-care. Compliance reflects coercion of the client to engage in particular recommendations, whereas adherence implies conformity of the client with the recommendations. Self-care connotes a therapeutic alliance between the client and the provider. Adherence is now the term most widely accepted because it incorporates the notion of the client agreeing with the treatment plan presented by the health care provider.

Question 8

Clients with chronic illness want the health care system to provide them with which of the following?&#10;A)Less information&#10;B)Less travel time&#10;C)Ways to adjust to disease consequences&#10;D)Limited information on ways to cope with their symptoms

Accepted Answer

Clients with chronic illness want the health care system to provide them with ways to adjust to disease consequences such as uncertainty, fear and depression, anger, loneliness, sleep disorders, memory loss, exercise needs, nocturia, sexual dysfunction, and stress.They did not identify wanting less information, less travel time, or limited information on coping strategies but they do also want shorter wait times.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of multimorbidity?&#10;A)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a urinary tract infection&#10;B)Lung cancer and pneumonia&#10;C)Chronic kidney disease and appendicitis&#10;D)Diabetes and exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis

Accepted Answer

Multimorbidity is the simultaneous occurrence of several chronic medical conditions, which may or may not be related to each other, in the same person. Pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and appendicitis are all acute conditions.

Question 10

What is the average life expectancy in Canada?&#10;A)60 years&#10;B)70 years&#10;C)80 years&#10;D)90 years

Accepted Answer

The life expectancy in Canada is estimated to be 80 years, specifically in 2010, it was 78.5 years for males and 82.7 years for females.

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of health-related hardiness known as &#34;challenge&#34;?&#10;A)Confidence to appraise a health stressor&#10;B)Ability to modify responses to health stressors&#10;C)Viewing a health stressor as an opportunity for growth&#10;D)Optimal psychosocial adaptation to a health stressor

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a characteristic...

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true related to nonmodifiable risk factors for chronic illness?&#10;A)Cannot be changed&#10;B)Requires intervention in order to change&#10;C)Can be altered to benefit health outcomes&#10;D)Can be changed with client perseverance

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 13

Which of the following factors has a major impact on the development of chronic illness?&#10;A)Poverty&#10;B)Social stability&#10;C)Urban dwelling&#10;D)High school diploma

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following factors has a...

Question 14

Which of the following diseases has the highest proportion of chronic illness deaths in Canada?&#10;A)Cancer&#10;B)Diabetes&#10;C)Cardiovascular disease&#10;D)Chronic respiratory disease

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases has the...

Question 15

Which of the following client statements reflect an outcome expectancy statement?&#10;A)&#34;I am not able to exercise.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Exercise helps people lose weight.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Exercise is too hard on my arthritis.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Dietary restrictions work better than exercise to lose weight.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following client statements reflect...

Question 16

&#34;Set in motion and continue the trajectory projection and scheme&#34; is a goal of management in which of the following trajectory phases?&#10;A)Pretrajectory&#10;B)Onset&#10;C)Comeback&#10;D)Downward

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#34;Set in motion and continue the trajectory...

Question 17

Which of the following characteristics is true related to chronic illness?&#10;A)Abrupt onset&#10;B)Usually single cause&#10;C)Short latency period&#10;D)Noninfectious origin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following characteristics is true...

Question 18

Which of the following types of cancers has a genetic predisposition to its occurrence?&#10;A)Lung&#10;B)Breast&#10;C)Cervix&#10;D)Testicles

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of cancers...

Deck 5: Chronic Illness