Deck 15: Developing Products and Services

Question 1

Which of these is NOT commonly cited as a motivation to produce new products or services?

A)to exploit existing capabilities
B)to fully utilize the R&D function
C)to provide benefits to the firm
D)to block out competitors

Answer 1

to fully utilize the R&D function

Question 2

How might a company benefit from its own new product?

A)by increasing product complexity
B)by increasing cost of components
C)by decreasing component commonality with their other offerings
D)by decreasing assembly time

Answer 2

by decreasing assembly time

Question 3

Provide an example from industry of a product or service that was duplicated by a competitor. Was this considered successful from the perspective of the first company? The competitor?

Answer 3

Examples and opinions will vary.

Question 4

New products or services provide benefits to the firm.

Question 5

Which of the following functions is NOT typically involved in a cross-functional product development effort?

A)marketing
B)operations
C)finance
D)All of these functions are involved.

Question 6

The ease with which parts can be replaced or evaluated is:

A)repeatability.
B)serviceability.
C)testability.
D)functionality.

Question 7

A revision to a drawing or design released by designers to correct a part is called a(n):

A)engineering change.
B)part mod.
C)tweak.
D)lock-in.

Question 8

________ refers to the ease with which critical components or functions can be tested during production.

Question 9

If a company is capable of delivering the service over and over again in the volumes needed it is said to have a high level of scalability.

Question 10

Product design refers to the characteristics or features of a product or service that determine its ability to meet the needs of the user.

Question 11

The unexpected expenses associated with overhead and engineering change notices are ________.

Question 12

An airline specifies a wider monitor for installation on their overseas flights. The airframe manufacturer will accommodate this order by issuing an engineering change.

Question 13

A box of cake mix can be the basis for a tasty cake even if the novice baker adds olive oil instead of vegetable oil and forgets to set a timer. The cake recipe has probably been developed using:

A)value analysis.
B)the development funnel.
C)robust design.
D)Design for the Environment.

Question 14

All product development efforts directly benefit the consumer.

Question 15

The ease with which parts can be replaced, checked or evaluated is testability.

Question 16

Robust design is the design of products to be less sensitive to manufacturing variation and misuse.

Question 17

The operations function is more tightly coupled with new service designs than with new product designs because the new service designs are often the operations process itself.

Question 18

What are the four reasons that a company might develop new products and services?

Question 19

What are robust design, testability, and serviceability and how are they related?

Question 20

New product designs are quickly copied so there is virtually no advantage to new products.

Question 21

Which of the following occurs during a sequential development process?

A)Activities in different development stages overlap with one another.
B)Constant communication is required between participants at various stages in the development effort.
C)Prototypes can begin before product characteristics are finalized.
D)The development funnel process takes place.

Question 22

The company begins to address the feasibility of a product or service in the ________ phase of the development process.

Question 23

What is the operations and supply chain function responsible for in each of the product development phases?

Question 24

In high tech firms, the group most likely to be taking the lead in being responsible for the success of a product development process is:

A)scientists and engineers.
B)marketing.
C)consumers.
D)accounting/finance.

Question 25

Customers are often brought in to lend their thoughts during the:

A)concept development phase.
B)planning phase.
C)design and development phase.
D)commercial preparation phase.

Question 26

The feasibility of a product or service is evaluated during the:

A)planning phase.
B)evaluation phase.
C)launch phase.
D)concept development phase.

Question 27

In most firms, the group that addresses the questions of who buys the company's product and what they are likely to pay is:

A)scientists and engineers.
B)marketing.
C)consumers.
D)accounting/finance.

Question 28

Products developed using a concurrent engineering process can be developed more quickly than those using a sequential development process.

Question 29

The development of specifications for the manufacturing equipment needed to make the product is the responsibility of what function?

A)engineering
B)marketing
C)accounting
D)purchasing

Question 30

The operations and supply chain functions develop detailed process maps of the operations and supply chain flows and test new processes in the:

A)concept development phase.
B)planning phase.
C)design and development phase.
D)commercial preparation phase.

Question 31

The concept development phase addresses the feasibility of a product or service.

Question 32

The ________ process occurs because many ideas are considered at the concept development phase but few ideas make it to the commercial development and launch phases.

Question 33

What are the phases of the product development process and what takes place in each?

Question 34

In most firms, the group that addresses the cost and performance information that companies need to make good business decisions is:

A)scientists and engineers.
B)marketing.
C)consumers.
D)accounting

Question 35

In most firms, the group that tracks forecasts of prices and long term supplies of key materials is:

A)suppliers.
B)marketing.
C)purchasing.
D)accounting/finance.

Question 36

The development funnel demonstrates that while initial conceptual development takes a long time, product design can progress quickly through the final phases of development.

Question 37

The process of preapproving suppliers for specific commodities or parts is known as:

A)screening.
B)presourcing.
C)presaging.
D)certifying.

Question 38

________ allows activities in different development stages to overlap with one another.

Question 39

In the launch phase of product development it is typically the marketing department's responsibility to fill the downstream supply chain.

Question 40

In the planning phase, the operations and supply chain function develops initial cost estimates and identifies key supply chain partners.

Question 41

The DMADV process for improving product and service designs is rooted in what methodology?

A)Project management
B)Optimization
C)Lean
D)Six Sigma

Question 42

ABC Corporation knew that XYZ Industries could provide the casings needed for their new line of typewriters like they had for the previous generations of typewriters. Therefore, they designated XYZ as the supplier for that key element, a practice known as ________.

Question 43

What role does the purchasing function play in product and service design?

Question 44

What role does the finance function play in product and service design?

Question 45

Black box design works best when:

A)the manufacturer is the expert.
B)the supplier is the expert.
C)the design is innovative.
D)the product is simply being redesigned, not newly developed.

Question 46

Your supplier works closely with you to jointly design a product in:

A)gray box design.
B)black box design.
C)white box design.
D)red box design.

Question 47

The left side of the quality function deployment house of quality contains:

A)product characteristics.
B)relationships between product characteristics.
C)customer requirements.
D)product specifications.

Question 48

What does the M represent in the acronym DMADV?

A)Metrics
B)Measure
C)Monitor
D)Market

Question 49

Which of the following acronyms is a process that involves the systematic consideration of manufacturing issues in the design and development process?

A)DFE.
B)CAM.
C)QFD.
D)DFM.

Question 50

What are the implications of an empty column (i.e., one with no check marks or x's)in the main body of the matrix of the house of quality?

A)Nothing, it's just a sparse row.
B)There is no synergy among the product characteristics.
C)Product characteristics are potentially unnecessary.
D)Customer requirements are potentially not being met by the product.

Question 51

What are the implications of an empty row (i.e., one with no check marks or x's)in the roof portion of the house of quality?

A)Nothing, it's just a sparse row.
B)There is no synergy for that product characteristic with other product characteristics.
C)Product characteristics are potentially superfluous.
D)Customer requirements are potentially not being met by the product.

Question 52

What are the implications of an empty row (i.e., one with no check marks or x's)in the main body of the matrix of the house of quality?

A)Nothing, it's just a sparse row.
B)There is no synergy among the product characteristics.
C)Product characteristics are potentially superfluous.
D)Customer requirements are potentially not being met by the product.

Question 53

Presourcing is the process of preapproving suppliers for specific commodities or parts.

Question 54

In ________, the supplier works with the customer to jointly design the product.

Question 55

The finance group typically help in new product development by:

A)determining how much it will cost.
B)acquiring the needed capital to develop a product or service.
C)locating reliable and solvent suppliers.
D)create an identity for the product.

Question 56

The DMADV process relies on:

A)benchmarking competitors' products.
B)intuitive design championed by contractors external to the company.
C)rigorous data analysis by teams of black belts, green belts and champions.
D)black box design or gray box design.

Question 57

What does the A represent in the acronym DMADV?

A)Analyze
B)Assign
C)Advise
D)Agenda

Question 58

Which of these matrix combinations is a correct pairing for quality function deployment?

A)customer requirements and process specifications
B)product characteristics and process characteristics
C)product specifications and process characteristics
D)process specifications and product specifications

Question 59

What role do supply chain partners play in product and service design?

Question 60

An example of black box design would be a producer of automotive brakes working at the design table with an automobile manufacturer through all phases of product development.

Question 61

The oil could be changed at the push of a button without dirtying your hands or peering underneath the new Chrysler Crepitus. This is an important achievement in their Design for Six Sigma program.

Question 62

A process that involves examining all elements of a component, assembly, end product, or service to make sure it fulfills its intended function at the lowest total cost is:

A)target costing.
B)design to cost.
C)value analysis.
D)examination costing.

Question 63

Parts standardization typically does NOT:

A)reduce the time to develop a new product.
B)reduce the cost of final products.
C)reduce the profit of a new product.
D)reduce the cost of developing new products.

Question 64

The initial generation of DeLorean boasted of its stainless steel skin, gull-wing doors, and 273 sizes of fasteners. The engineers lowered the product's overall inventory level and product complexity by settling on only 12 different sizes of fasteners thanks to their ________ program.

Question 65

The roof of the quality function deployment house of quality displays synergies among the ________.

Question 66

A modular architecture improves:

A)design for Six Sigma and design for the environment.
B)design for manufacturability and design for susceptibility.
C)design for maintainability and design for the environment.
D)design for Six Sigma and design for manufacturability.

Question 67

Companies can reduce the time and cost of developing new products and reduce the cost of final products by using parts standardization.

Question 68

Quality function deployment can be used to show linkages between customer requirements and product characteristics.

Question 69

________ is a product design in which each functional element maps into its own physical chunk.

Question 70

The relationship between product functionality and product cost is quantified as ________.

Question 71

Safety and health issues over the product's projected life cycle are addressed by the ________ approach.

Question 72

No poultry farmer in his right mind was going to pay more than $1 for a rooster helmet, so the ________ program for Rooster Boosters set that as the goal for their new product.

Question 73

Which of these features would contribute to a design for the environment (DFE)program?

A)using one model of fan motor across the entire product line that uses fan motors
B)using more reliable parts that are in areas that are difficult to access
C)standardizing on two or three fasteners where there were ten different kinds before
D)using recyclable parts whenever possible

Question 74

The output from the first QFD matrix that feeds into the second QFD matrix is the product characteristics information.

Question 75

Target costing is the process of designing a process to meet a specific cost objective.

Question 76

The fast food restaurant switched from wrapping their hamburgers in Styrofoam containers, which had a half-life of several thousand years, to wrapping them in a thin film of kelp and plankton, which could be used as a healthy snack for fish. This move was part of a broad approach entitled a design for ________ initiative.

Question 77

CAD systems allow engineers to develop, modify, share, and test designs in a virtual world.

Question 78

The roof of the house of quality displays conflicts between the voice of the customer and product characteristics and permits designers to rapidly identify trade-offs.

Question 79

Value may be increased by simultaneously increasing cost and decreasing functionality.

Question 80

Using less packaging or biodegradable batteries would be components of a design for manufacturability initiative.