Deck 16: Policing: Dilemmas of Crime Control in a Democratic Society

Question 1

Sometimes police will use force when none was needed or will sometimes use more force than was needed to subdue a suspect.The result is _____.

A) Excluded evidence
B) Constitutional crisis
C) Police brutality
D) Contempt of cop

Answer 1

C

Question 2

As with brutality,a disproportionate number of the civilians killed by police and 50 percent are:

A) African-American or Latino
B) White or Hispanic
C) Female or elderly
D) Juveniles

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Beginning in the 1990s,several police departments,especially New York City's,began to use an ongoing,aggressive style of _____ policing that falls short of a crackdown,but is more intense than directed policing.

A) Zero-tolerance
B) Shakedown
C) Moderate-allowance
D) Countdown

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Packer's _____ reflect the tensions of crime-control in a democratic society.

A) Crime-control and due process models
B) Feminist and patriarchal models
C) Diversity and exclusive models
D) Oppression and expression models

Question 5

In a democratic society,a key question is:

A) The best way to oppress citizens
B) How much power to give to the police to preserve law and order
C) How to limit all due process for illegal aliens
D) The best way to expand government authority

Question 6

Directed police patrolling occurs when:

A) The police direct citizens away from high-crime areas by blocking streets and thus reduce crime
B) The police utilize high tech devices such as drones in order to identify crimes and direct patrol vehicles to the scene
C) The police focus on hot-spot locations for crime, which appears to be able to reduce the amount of crime at these locations
D) The police adopt community policing strategies in traditional high-crime areas, such as suburbs

Question 7

Ten tithings living on a particular noble's estate were called a hundred.The noble appointed an unpaid _____ to monitor their behavior.

A) Sheriff
B) Justice of the peace
C) State trooper
D) Constable

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding police corruption?

A) Police corruption arises from cultural roots similar to those motivating heroism
B) Police corruption arises from structural roots similar to those motivating brutality
C) Police corruption arises from institutional roots similar to those motivating morality
D) Police corruption arises from historical roots similar to those motivating racism

Question 9

The Knapp commission divided corrupt officers into _____.

A) Grinders and choppers
B) Burger-eaters and donut-eaters
C) Meat-eaters and grass-eaters
D) Blenders and grillers

Question 10

Which of the following is the view of the chivalry hypothesis?

A) Female police do not arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be protected, not punished
B) Male police are more likely to arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be punished, not protected
C) Female police are more likely to arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be punished, not protected
D) Male police do not arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be protected, not punished

Question 11

African-Americans and Latinos are much more likely than non-Latino whites to be arrested for possessing ____.

A) Illegal drugs
B) Stolen goods
C) Pirated music
D) Internet scams

Question 12

Which of the following best describes driving while black?

A) This practice is effectively utilized to fight violent crime in predominately minority neighborhoods
B) This practice addresses the proven science that minorities are more likely to cause traffic accidents
C) This practice is a by-product of earlier police policies targeting whites
D) This practice is racial filing when applied to traffic violations

Question 13

Which of the following best represents the working personality of the police?

A) It helps police to bond with community members and create mutual trust and respect
B) It causes mistrust between police officers and erodes department esprit de corp, resulting in low police morale
C) It makes police have a sense of entitlement that encourages them to break the law and often abuse the rights of citizens
D) It makes police suspicious of and even hostile toward the public and reinforces police solidarity, or mutual loyalty

Question 14

As its name implies,the _____ key concerns are the apprehension and punishment of criminals,and it stresses the criminal justice system's need to capture and process criminals in the most efficient manner possible.

A) Due process model's
B) Diversity control model's
C) Crime-control model's
D) Eradication process model's

Question 15

Although women's gender may protect them from police beatings,it subjects them to _____.Such violence includes rape and other sexual assaults and unnecessary strip searches and body cavity searches by male officers.

A) Police erotic encounters (PEE)
B) Law enforcement rape (LER)
C) Law enforcement incest (LEI)
D) Police sexual violence (PSV)

Question 16

Japanese police are much more oriented toward _____ than most US police are,because they operate at the level of the immediate neighborhood.

A) Racial profiling
B) Community policing
C) Para-military tactics
D) Marshal law policing

Question 17

The evidence for juvenile arrests is fairly clear that girls are disproportionately arrested or otherwise brought to the attention of juvenile authorities for _____,such as running away from home,curfew violations,and premarital sexual intercourse.

A) Traffic offense
B) Parental offenses
C) Rank offenses
D) Status offenses

Question 18

The Knapp commission found corruption throughout New York's police force that stemmed primarily from _____.

A) Illegal drug trafficking and gambling
B) Offers of free coffee and meals
C) Bootlegging and prostitution
D) Illegal lotteries and loan sharking

Question 19

Police killings of civilians are also less common in police departments in which:

A) Police are not issued guns
B) Administrators set clear limits on police use of force
C) Police officers are encouraged to intimidate suspects before violence occurs
D) Police institute programs such as D.A.R.E.

Question 20

The first stage of _____ justice is the police officer's decision to arrest or cite someone.

A) Logical
B) Participatory
C) Discretionary
D) Tactical

Question 21

The mini stations used in urban neighborhoods in Japan are called yakuza.

Question 22

Non-Latino whites are much more likely than African-Americans and Latinos to be arrested for possessing illegal drugs African-Americans and Latinos.

Question 23

Research on African-American and other women officers of color indicate that they face a double burden of both _____.

A) Racism and sexism
B) Physical burdens and stress at home
C) Higher entry standards and physical requirements
D) Ageism and ethnocentrism

Question 24

Racial profiling,when applied to traffic violations,is termed "driving while black".

Question 25

In the 1990s,New York City began to use an ongoing,aggressive style called zero-tolerance policing.

Question 26

In early England,a system of community policing called the frankpledge developed.

Question 27

In a democratic society,a key question is how much power to give to the police to preserve law and order.

Question 28

Research on white,male police officers indicates that they face a double burden of both racism and sexism.

Question 29

Police sometimes have an "us against them" mentality.

Question 30

The Knapp commission divided corrupt cops into the categories of "vegans" and "raptors".

Question 31

The Court ruled in Miranda v.Arizona that police must advise suspects that they may _____.

A) Remain silent
B) Keep their guns
C) Speak freely
D) Post bail

Question 32

Which of the following best expresses the term community policing (also called problem-oriented policing)?

A) In this style of policing, police work closely with community groups and residents on various activities designed to reduce crime
B) In this style of policing, police use aggressive tactics such as random searches of citizens in high crime neighborhoods
C) In this style of policing, police invest in high-tech equipment such as armored vehicles and drones to control crime
D) In this style of policing, police target minorities who commit most crime and use racial profiling as they patrol communities

Question 33

Less than 50% of all police are people of color.

Question 34

Many scholars believe that police corruption extends beyond a few "_____" to the entire culture of policing.

A) Rotten apples
B) Sick souls
C) Lost boys
D) Hot spots

Question 35

US policing developed from the early German system.

Question 36

The Court ruled in _____ that evidence obtained by police in violation of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution cannot be used in court.

A) Mapp v. Ohio
B) Miranda v. Arizona
C) U.S. v. Escobedo
D) U.S. v. Simpson

Question 37

Early American police were known as bobbies.

Question 38

A main duty of an English constable was to control poaching on the noble's land.

Question 39

Women are much more likely than men to be beaten by police.

Question 40

African American suspects were less hostile than white suspects towards police.

Question 41

Racial profiling may affect which citizens get stopped and _____ while walking down the street or simply hanging out.

Question 42

Discuss some of the key concepts related to women and arrest.

Question 43

"The right to remain silent" is a recognizable part of the _____ warning.

Question 44

Girls are disproportionately arrested or otherwise brought to the attention of juvenile authorities for _____ offenses,such as running away from home and curfew violations.

Question 45

What is a police officer's working personality? How can some of the negative aspects of a police officer's working personality be improved?

Question 46

Compared to police in the US,police in _____ enjoy the respect and gratitude of the public.

Question 47

The Court ruled in Mapp v.Ohio that evidence obtained by police in violation of the _____ Amendment of the Constitution cannot be used in court.

Question 48

Rodney King was a victim of police _____ and suffered severe injuries.

Question 49

The outcome of Mapp v.Ohio lead to what is known as the _____ rule.

Question 50

Develop a pro and con list with regard to instituting a zero-tolerance policing initiative.

Question 51

In the 1990s,New York City began to use an aggressive style of _____ policing.

Question 52

Find a local or recent example of police brutality.Summarize the case and give your opinion about the case.

Question 53

When police suddenly saturate a small area and arrest drug pushers,prostitutes,and gang members,they are performing a _____.

Question 54

How does community policing differ from more aggressive styles of policing?

Question 55

There is growing evidence on the effectiveness of directed police patrol or _____ policing,which targets the relatively few locations at which most of a city's serious street crime occurs.