Deck 4: The Modern Model of the Atom

Question 1

Which of the following species does not match the electronic configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶ ?

A)Br^-
B)Sr⁺²
C)As^-3
D)Se⁺²

Answer 1

Se⁺²

Question 2

For the electron of a hydrogen atom, which of the following quantum "jumps" requires the most energy?

A)from n = 3 to n = 4
B)from n = 2 to n = 3
C)from n = 4 to n = 5
D)from n = 1 to n = 2

Answer 2

from n = 1 to n = 2

Question 3

Which of the following anions will have the electronic configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p^{6 ?}

A)K^1-
B)Cl^1-
C)S^2-
D)Br^1-

Answer 3

Cl^1-

Question 4

Which of the following cations will have the electronic configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p^{6 ?}

A)Co²⁺
B)Ca²⁺
C)Sc¹⁺
D)Cl¹⁺

Question 5

Which of the following subshells does not appear in the third shell?

A)s
B)p
C)d
D)f

Question 6

Which of the following elements never obeys the octet rule?

A)Hydrogen
B)Nitrogen
C)Carbon
D)Chlorine

Question 7

How many electrons can be "stored" in a completely filled p-block of elements?

A)10
B)3
C)6
D)5

Question 8

A non-metal is an element that tends to ________ valence electrons in chemical reactions, becoming a(n)________ in the process.

A)lose; cation
B)gain; anion
C)lose; anion
D)gain; cation

Question 9

The likely formula of the compound formed between Al and S is ________.

A)Al₂S
B)AlS₂
C)Al₂S₃
D)Al₃S₂

Question 10

A metal is an element that tends to ________ valence electrons in chemical reactions, becoming a(n)________ in the process.

A)lose; cation
B)gain; anion
C)lose; anion
D)gain; cation

Question 11

The correct order of increasing energy in the following subshells is:

A)2p, 3s, 4s, 3p, 3d
B)2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d
C)2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s
D)2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s

Question 12

Which is the correct electronic configuration for Fe (atomic number 26)in the ground state?

A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁶
B)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d⁸
C)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d⁶4s²
D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²4p⁶

Question 13

The likely formula of the compound formed between Ca and O is ________.

A)Ca₂O
B)CaO₂
C)Ca₂O₃
D)CaO

Question 14

Which of the following subshells appear in the second shell?

A)s
B)s,p
C)s, p, d
D)p

Question 15

Which species has the following electronic configuration: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶ ?

A)F^-
B)Mg⁺²
C)P^-3
D)S^-

Question 16

How many electrons can be "stored" in a completely filled 4f sublevel?

A)14
B)10
C)7
D)28

Question 17

The total number of electrons that can be accommodated in 3d is ________.

A)5
B)2
C)6
D)10

Question 18

Which is the correct electronic configuration for Se (atomic number 34)in the ground state?

A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁴
B)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s⁰4p⁶
C)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁴
D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s⁰3p⁶

Question 19

Which feature of Bohr's atomic model is no longer accepted as true by today's scientists?

A)that most of an atom's mass is located within the nucleus
B)that electrons have only certain, allowed energy values
C)that electrons orbit the nucleus in circular paths
D)that each principal quantum level can hold a maximum of 2n² electrons

Question 20

What is the main difference between "classical physics" and "quantum physics"?

A)Quantum physics requires the speed of light to be a constant value.
B)Classical physics requires that only certain, allowed values for energy be used.
C)Quantum physics requires that only certain, allowed values for energy be used.
D)Quantum physics can only describe the behavior of very small objects, like atoms and molecules.

Question 21

Which orbital is dumbbell-shaped?

A)2s
B)3p
C)4d
D)5g

Question 22

Which species has the following electronic configuration: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³ ?

A)Al
B)P
C)S
D)Si

Question 23

Atoms in which of the following groups will likely gain three electrons?

A)IIIA
B)VA
C)VIIA
D)both A and B

Question 24

Which of the following does not have the neon electron configuration?

A)S⁴⁺
B)Mg²⁺
C)O^2-
D)Al³⁺

Question 25

Which color light is composed of photons having the largest energy?

A)blue
B)green
C)yellow
D)red

Question 26

The valence shell ________.

A)always contains eight electrons
B)is the lowest energy shell in an atom
C)is the outermost occupied shell in an atom
D)is always the same for anions and cations

Question 27

Which orbital is a spherical shape?

A)2s
B)3p
C)4d
D)5f

Question 28

The ion that has 14 protons and 18 electrons is ________.

A)Si⁴⁺
B)Si^4-
C)N⁴⁺
D)N^4-

Question 29

Which of the following does not include [Kr] in its shorthand electron configuration?

A)Sr²⁺
B)Te^2-
C)Se⁶⁺
D)Mo

Question 30

Which of the following has attained a noble gas electronic configuration?

A)Si⁴⁺
B)Cl¹⁺
C)Al^3-
D)Cr³⁺

Question 31

Atoms in which of the following groups will likely lose three electrons?

A)IIIA
B)VA
C)IIA
D)IVA

Question 32

What is the number of outer shell electrons in fluorine?

A)2
B)5
C)7
D)9

Question 33

The scientist credited with developing the current mathematical model of the atom is ________.

A)Bohr
B)Schrodinger
C)Planck
D)Rutherford

Question 34

How many valence electrons are in silicon?

A)2
B)4
C)5
D)7

Question 35

The size of boron is ________ than that of oxygen and ________ than that of aluminum.

A)smaller; larger
B)larger; larger
C)smaller; smaller
D)larger; smaller

Question 36

Which color light is composed of photons having the longest wavelength?

A)blue
B)green
C)yellow
D)red

Question 37

The elements of Group VIIIA are almost entirely non-reactive with any of the other chemical elements. Which of the following statements best explains this observed behavior?

A)Group VIIIA elements comply with the octet rule.
B)Group VIIIA elements are so rare that no one has ever studied their reactive properties in any detail.
C)Group VIIIA elements are all gases, and gases are generally non-reactive.
D)No explanation given here can explain why Group VIIIA elements do not react with any of the other chemical elements.

Question 38

Below are four pairs of atoms and ions. In which pair is the larger of the two species written first?

A)S^2- and S
B)Cu²⁺ and Cu
C)O and O^2-
D)Cr³⁺ and Cr

Question 39

The relative ratio of atoms in the binary compound Al_xO_y is ________.

A)x=2, y=3
B)x=3, y=2
C)x=5, y=2
D)x=2, y=5

Question 40

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is composed of photons having the largest energy?

A)microwaves
B)radio waves
C)x rays
D)gamma rays

Question 41

Which of the following elements is the smallest size chalcogen?

A)H
B)N
C)O
D)F

Question 42

Which s orbital is the largest?

A)1s
B)2s
C)-2s
D)-1s

Question 43

Calculate the energy in joules of microwave radiation of wavelength 12.7 centimeters. (E = hν, h = 6.63 × 10^-34 J sec; speed of light = wavelength × ν, speed of light = 3 × 10⁸ meters/sec.)

A)4.87 × 10¹⁹ J
B)7.30 × 10^-19 J
C)3.61 × 10^-18 J
D)1.56 × 10^-24 J

Question 44

The only possible way for an excited state electron to return to the ground state is to emit energy in the form of visible light.

Question 45

The units of h (Planck's constant)are ________.

A)J.s
B)J/s
C)m/s
D)J/nm

Question 46

The p-block represents a region on the periodic table which is 6 elements in width.

Question 47

Predict the formula of the compound produced in a reaction between barium (Ba)and oxygen (O).

A)(^BaO2)
B)BaO
C)
D)(^Ba2^O3)

Question 48

What is the wavelength (in meters)of radio waves that have a frequency of 89.9 MHz? (wavelength × frequency = speed of light; speed of light = 3 × 10⁸ meters/sec.)

A)3.34 centimeters
B)2.70 × 10¹⁶ millimeters
C)0.300 meters
D)3.34 meters

Question 49

The s-type orbitals of any given principal energy level are always spherical in shape.

Question 50

The f-block represents a region on the periodic table which is 10 elements in width.

Question 51

Metals generally become more reactive as one proceeds down a column (group).

Question 52

Atoms tend to increase in size as one moves from left to right across a period.

Question 53

Which of the following elements is the largest size halogen?

A)He
B)Br
C)F
D)Kr

Question 54

What is the trend in atomic size in the series of Group IIA elements Be through Ra?

A)Atomic size increases in this series.
B)Atomic size decreases in this series.
C)Atomic size remains unchanged in this series.
D)Atomic size increases at first, then decreases in this series.

Question 55

In a single atom, what is the maximum number of electrons that can have quantum number n=4?

A)10
B)14
C)18
D)32

Question 56

Bohr's atomic theory places an atom's electrons in discrete-energy circular paths around a central, positively charged nucleus.

Question 57

Phosphorus atoms have five valence electrons.

Question 58

Predict the formula of the compound produced in a reaction between lithium (Li)and phosphorus (P).

A)LiP
B)(^Li2^P3)
C)(^LiP2)
D)(^Li3P)

Question 59

The observed line spectra of electrically excited gas samples tend to support the notion that electron energies are quantized.

Question 60

The n = 5 principal energy level can hold a maximum of 25 electrons.

Question 61

The atomic radius can be calculated by x-ray diffraction.

Question 62

Halogens have large electron affinity values.

Question 63

Modern atomic theory places electrons into complex mathematical probability functions called "orbitals."

Question 64

The correct shortcut for writing the electronic configuration of Sr is [Ar]4s².

Question 65

The atom size decreases as one proceeds from left to right across a period.

Question 66

H⁺ has one electron.

Question 67

An electron in the excited state does not necessarily return to a ground state in a single jump.

Question 68

The element is defined by its atomic number.

Question 69

The 95% boundary indicates the area where 95% of the time the electron may be found.

Question 70

If an element has a small electron affinity value it can easily lose an electron.

Question 71

The wavelength is the distance measured between two crests, but not between two troughs.

Question 72

+1 is the only charge sodium ions normally have.

Question 73

The speed of light is about 186,000 miles per minute.

Question 74

Carbon can assume both +4 and -4 charges.

Question 75

A non-metal is an element that tends to gain valence electrons in chemical reactions becoming a cation in the process.

Question 76

Once an atom gets excited, it may remain in that excited state indefinitely.

Question 77

Modern scientists accept the notion that electrons are found in circular orbits around a central, positively charged nucleus.

Question 78

The number of electrons in the valence shell of an atom is equal to the group number for the representative elements.

Question 79

Should an oxygen atom (O)gain two electrons, it would then have the same ground state electronic configuration as an atom of neon (Ne), thus satisfying the octet rule.

Question 80

Shells get larger as the principal quantum number n increases.