Deck 8: Diagnosis and Feedback

Question 1

Practitioners agree that the purpose of ______ is to "help an organization understand its behavior and its present situation-what's going on, how it's going on-so that something can be done about it."

A) feedback
B) data gathering
C) interviews
D) diagnosis

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Feedback ______ attention to the right set of actions that will produce better results.

A) directs
B) supports
C) prohibits
D) motivates

Answer 2

A

Question 3

If categories appear "saturated" during the inductive coding process, ______.

A) add more comments to the category
B) determine if the category should be broken down further
C) the themes were not set up appropriately
D) combine some categories together

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of these models does NOT use data generated from a whole organization?

A) Likert's four systems
B) Weisbord's Six-Box Model
C) Nadler-Tushman congruence model
D) Burke-Litwin model

Question 5

Which criteria of energizing the client toward action is a tradeoff to selectivity?

A) Relevant
B) Influenceable or manageable
C) Descriptive
D) Sufficient and specific

Question 6

Which criteria of energizing the client toward action relates to ensuring issues presenting to the client are among influential causes of the problem?

A) Relevant
B) Influenceable or manageable
C) Descriptive
D) Selective

Question 7

Which criteria of energizing the client toward action relates to ensuring the data describes current facts?

A) Relevant
B) Influenceable or manageable
C) Descriptive
D) Selective

Question 8

Which criteria of energizing the client toward action relates to the practitioner not sharing all themes from the data, in order to not overwhelm the client?

A) Relevant
B) Influenceable or manageable
C) Sufficient and specific
D) Selective

Question 9

Using the ______ process for analyzing data, the analyst applies general principles or a theory to a particular circumstance or (set of) observations.

A) inductive
B) deductive
C) academic
D) practitioner

Question 10

Which criteria of energizing the client toward action relates to ensuring the consultant presents issues that the client can change?

A) Relevant
B) Influenceable or manageable
C) Descriptive
D) Sufficient and specific

Question 11

Using the ______ process for analyzing data, the analyst reasons from the observations or the data to elicit general principles or a theory.

A) inductive
B) deductive
C) academic
D) practitioner

Question 12

Most OD practitioners should be familiar with all the following statistical tools except ______.

A) frequency distribution tables
B) descriptive statistics
C) ANOVA
D) histograms

Question 13

One benefit of using the ______ approach is that the label for the categories can more closely align with the language of organizational members.

A) inductive
B) deductive
C) academic
D) practitioner

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT commonly seen as an activity within the diagnostic phase?

A) Analyze the data, including sorting them into key themes.
B) Gather additional data if something appears missing.
C) Interpret the data.
D) Select and prioritize the right issues that will "energize" the client.

Question 15

Feedback ______ action when it is inconsistent with what is already believed so that it produces a level of discomfort and the recipient is prompted to take different actions to reach different results.

A) directs
B) supports
C) prohibits
D) motivates

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a drawback to using models as a means to deductive analysis?

A) often oversimplifying a complex process
B) highlighting attention to certain areas
C) being dependent on a model
D) potentially overlooking some aspects

Question 17

The question that is the objective of the diagnostic and feedback phases of the OD process is:

A) What do we do next?
B) What is going on here?
C) What is the plan?
D) Who is involved?

Question 18

What distinguishes academic research from OD practice?

A) data can only be organized in one manner in OD practice based on structured guidelines
B) academic research is viewed as a more open-ended and creative process for analyzing data
C) academic research knows more about organizations as clients than OD practitioners
D) the OD practitioner's judgment and experience have a great deal to add to the creative and intuitive process of analyzing data

Question 19

If "single-instance" items are noted during the inductive coding process, ______.

A) add more comments to the category
B) determine if the category should be broken down further
C) the themes were not set up appropriately
D) combine some categories together

Question 20

Once data is sorted into categories, the following step occurs:

A) evaluation
B) intervention
C) interpretation
D) collection

Question 21

Which of the following is an example of a technical problem within an organization?

A) groupthink
B) employees lack motivation
C) process delays cause quality problems
D) poor communication among teams

Question 22

Which benefit of resistance is described as prompting leaders to more clearly articulate the rationale for the change?

A) Resistance can clarify purpose.
B) Resistance can keep the change active in the organization's conversations.
C) Resistance can enhance the quality of the change and its implementation.
D) Resistance can reflect, and potentially build, involvement in and commitment to the organization.

Question 23

Which benefit of resistance is described as offering the opportunity to keep information flowing?

A) Resistance can clarify purpose.
B) Resistance can keep the change active in the organization's conversations.
C) Resistance can enhance the quality of the change and its implementation.
D) Resistance can provide additional data about how employees feel about past change attempts and the organization itself.

Question 24

Which of the following ethical dilemmas relates to a client desiring to know which quote came from which interviewee?

A) anonymity
B) biased interpretation
C) lost objectivity
D) collusion

Question 25

Which benefit of resistance is described as an opportunity to hear resistance messages from history which can reveal a great deal more about the general state of the employee population?

A) Resistance can keep the change alive in the organization's conversations.
B) Resistance can enhance the quality of the change and its implementation.
C) Resistance can provide additional data about how employees feel about past change attempts and the organization itself.
D) Resistance can reflect, and potentially build, involvement in and commitment to the organization.

Question 26

Using coding, which of the following themes does NOT relate to the others?

A) Human resource processes
B) Technology systems
C) Financial systems
D) Compensation

Question 27

Using coding, which of the following themes does NOT relate to the others?

A) Project managers
B) Department supervisors
C) Team members
D) Tools

Question 28

Client resistance can be expressed in a variety of ways; which of the following ways is detailed as the client expressing their concern that the solutions are not feasible?

A) Give me more detail.
B) Time.
C) Impracticality.
D) Attack.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT related to qualitative data analysis?

A) statistical review of surveys
B) transcription of interviews
C) observation of behaviors
D) reviewing of historical documents

Question 30

Which of the following ethical dilemmas relates to to a consultant being tempted to highlight or omit particular points of the data?

A) anonymity
B) biased interpretation
C) lost objectivity
D) collusion

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a way in which practitioners can avoid the problem of slipping from facts to inferences?

A) resorting the data
B) getting a second opinion
C) using past experiences
D) work with the client

Question 32

Client resistance can be expressed in a variety of ways; which of the following ways is detailed as the client philosophizing about the organization and its theoretical patterns?

A) Attack.
B) Moralizing.
C) Methodology.
D) Intellectualizing.

Question 33

Client resistance can be expressed in a variety of ways; which of the following ways is detailed as the client clearly expressing anger, frustration, and irritation?

A) Time.
B) Attack.
C) Compliance.
D) Flight into health.

Question 34

Client resistance can be expressed in a variety of ways; which of the following ways is detailed as the client wanting to blame others?

A) Confusion.
B) Impracticality.
C) Moralizing.
D) Methodology.

Question 35

Which benefit of resistance is described as an opportunity for recipients to share their feedback, whether positive or negative, to be taken into account to create a better solution?

A) Resistance can keep the change alive in the organization's conversations.
B) Resistance can enhance the quality of the change and its implementation.
C) Resistance can provide additional data about how employees feel about past change attempts and the organization itself.
D) Resistance can reflect, and potentially build, involvement in and commitment to the organization.

Question 36

Client resistance can be expressed in a variety of ways; which of the following ways is detailed as the client expressing frustration at any additional explanation about the problem, where it came from, who is involved, and so on?

A) Pressing for solutions.
B) Time.
C) Compliance.
D) Give me more detail.

Question 37

It is important for feedback to be viewed as ______, meaning that clients will be more likely to have faith in the feedback if they also believe that the data is valid and accurate and representative.

A) quantifiable
B) verifiable
C) reliable
D) substantial

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT related to quantitative data analysis?

A) dispersion
B) frequency distribution
C) unobtrusive measures
D) central tendency

Question 39

Which of the following is an example of a personal problem within an organization?

A) strategy confusion among functions
B) employees lack motivation
C) process delays cause quality problems
D) infrastructure lacking to meet needs

Question 40

Which benefit of resistance is described as serving an organizationally protective purpose?

A) Resistance can keep the change alive in the organization's conversations.
B) Resistance can enhance the quality of the change and its implementation.
C) Resistance can provide additional data about how employees feel about past change attempts and the organization itself.
D) Resistance can reflect, and potentially build, involvement in and commitment to the organization.

Question 41

How can practitioners avoid the problem of slipping from facts to inferences in the data interpretation phase?

Question 42

Diagnosis is typically viewed as a one-time occurrence.

Question 43

Fear of the unknown, cynicism regarding change, and lack of trust are all common issues related to resistance to change.

Question 44

An environment where there is potential for multiple interruptions would be a good choice for a feedback meeting.

Question 45

Even if the client willingly invites feedback, it can still be a sensitive process.

Question 46

What are some ethical issues with diagnosis and giving feedback?

Question 47

Disconfirmation is a process when feedback directs attention to a set of actions.

Question 48

Beginning with positive data is not a recommendation for practitioners to utilize during the feedback meeting.

Question 49

Discuss items to take into consideration when structuring the feedback meeting.

Question 50

Cueing is a process in which feedback directs attention to the right set of actions.

Question 51

Discuss the general steps that practitioners utilize when performing inductive coding.

Question 52

The inductive approach may require more knowledge of the organization, the data, or organizational theory in general than the deductive approach.

Question 53

Resistance, in fact, can be a useful resource in change efforts.

Question 54

Discuss the three commonly viewed phases within the diagnostic process.

Question 55

For surveys, statistical analysis would not be an appropriate tool for data analysis.