Question 1

For which condition does vasopressin (Vasostrict) treat?&#10;A) Diabetes insipidus&#10;B) Dehydration&#10;C) Electrolyte imbalances&#10;D) Diabetes mellitus

Accepted Answer

Vasopressin (Vasostrict) is primarily used to treat diabetes insipidus, a condition that causes excessive thirst and urination due to inadequate production or function of vasopressin hormone. It works by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and preventing dehydration. It is not used to treat dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or diabetes mellitus.

Question 2

Which describes the function of the thyroid gland?&#10;A) Stimulate growth&#10;B) Control pituitary gland secretion&#10;C) Conserve water in the body&#10;D) Control basal metabolism

Accepted Answer

The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that control the body's basal metabolism, which includes regulating the body's metabolic rate, heart rate, and body temperature.

Question 3

Which symptom should the nurse monitor the client for that is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus?&#10;A) Increased dilute urine output&#10;B) Hyperglycemia&#10;C) Hyponatremia&#10;D) Fluid retention

Accepted Answer

Diabetes insipidus is a condition where there is a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which results in excessive urine output (polyuria) that is dilute (low specific gravity). Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for an increased dilute urine output as a symptom of diabetes insipidus. Hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, and fluid retention are associated with other conditions such as diabetes mellitus, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), and heart failure, respectively.

Question 4

Which describes the primary goal of pharmacotherapy for the treatment of hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease)?&#10;A) Decrease the metabolic processes&#10;B) Increase synthesis of thyroid hormones&#10;C) Lower the activity of the thyroid gland&#10;D) Prevent a thyroid storm from occurring

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of pharmacotherapy for the treatment of hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease) is to lower the activity of the thyroid gland. This can be achieved through the use of medications such as antithyroid drugs, beta blockers, or radioactive iodine therapy. The goal is to reduce the production and release of thyroid hormones, which are responsible for the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Lowering the activity of the thyroid gland can help alleviate symptoms and prevent complications such as thyroid storm. Decreasing the metabolic processes or increasing synthesis of thyroid hormones would be counterproductive in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Question 5

Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client who has been prescribed levothyroxine (Levothroid)? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) "It may take a few weeks for you to see the full benefits from this drug."
B) "Be sure to keep all of your follow-up appointments."
C) "Take this medication at whatever time you eat your evening meal."
D) "Do not start a fiber laxative without first discussing it with your healthcare team."
E) "Take your calcium supplement at least 4 hours after taking this drug."

Accepted Answer

The nurse should educate the client that it may take a few weeks for the full benefits of levothyroxine to be seen and stress the importance of keeping all follow-up appointments to monitor dosage and any potential side effects. The client should also be advised not to start a fiber laxative without discussing it with the healthcare team, as it may interfere with medication absorption. Finally, the client should be instructed to take their calcium supplement at least 4 hours after taking the medication to prevent interference with absorption. The statement to take the medication at whatever time they eat their evening meal is incorrect, as levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach and preferably in the morning.

Question 6

The nurse has provided education for a client prescribed glucocorticoid therapy. Which statement made by the client indicates further teaching is required?&#10;A) &#34;I can take the medication at any time as long as I don't forget it.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I will monitor my blood sugar on a regular basis.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I will eat a diet that is high in protein.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I should take my medication after I have eaten.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoid therapy should be taken at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level in the body. Taking it at random times can lead to fluctuating levels and adverse effects. Therefore, the client needs further teaching on the correct timing of the medication. The other options are correct and indicate that the client understands the instructions provided. The client should monitor their blood sugar regularly as glucocorticoids can cause hyperglycemia, consume a high-protein diet to promote tissue repair, and take the medication after eating to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

Question 7

The nurse is reviewing the records of a child being treated for a short stature. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate the child is receiving?&#10;A) Somatotropin (Accretropin)&#10;B) Pegmisovant (Somavert)&#10;C) Octreotide (Sandostatin)&#10;D) Bromocriptine (Cycloset)

Accepted Answer

Somatotropin (Accretropin) is a synthetic human growth hormone that is prescribed to children with growth hormone deficiency, Turner syndrome, and idiopathic short stature in order to increase their height. Pegmisovant (Somavert) is used to treat acromegaly, a condition characterized by excessive growth hormone production in adults, and would not be appropriate for a child with short stature. Octreotide (Sandostatin) is used to treat conditions such as acromegaly and gigantism, which involve excessive growth hormone production, but would not be appropriate for a child with growth hormone deficiency. Bromocriptine (Cycloset) is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and Parkinson's disease, and is not indicated for the treatment of short stature in children.

Question 8

The nurse has provided education for a client prescribed desmopressin (DDAVP). Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the information?&#10;A) &#34;This medication is a potent vasodilator.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;This medication promotes diuresis in my body.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;This medication increases water reabsorption in my kidneys.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;This medication suppresses hormone secretion from my posterior pituitary gland.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a medication that works by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, which can be helpful in treating conditions such as diabetes insipidus or bedwetting. It is not a potent vasodilator or a diuretic, and although it does affect hormone secretion, it specifically targets the posterior pituitary gland to increase the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Therefore, the client's statement that "This medication increases water reabsorption in my kidneys" indicates an understanding of the medication's mechanism of action.

Question 9

The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses about the endocrine system. The nursing instructor evaluates that learning has occurred when the student nurses make which statements? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) "The hypothalamus secretes releasing hormones."
B) "Hormones released by the endocrine system influence every organ in the body."
C) "The hypothalamus is considered the master gland."
D) "The pituitary gland secretes TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)."
E) "The endocrine system is a major controller of homeostasis."

Accepted Answer

A) The hypothalamus does indeed secrete releasing hormones that regulate the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland. B) Hormones released by the endocrine system have widespread effects on various organs throughout the body, influencing numerous physiological processes. D) The pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. E) The endocrine system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating metabolism, growth, reproduction, and responses to stress and injury. C) is incorrect because the pituitary gland, not the hypothalamus, is often referred to as the "master gland" due to its role in controlling the functions of other endocrine glands.

Question 10

Which outcome should the nurse anticipate for the client receiving treatment with radioactive iodine (Iodine-131) therapy?&#10;A) The client will only temporarily accomplish the euthyroid state.&#10;B) The client should limit fluid intake during the treatment.&#10;C) The client will most likely require thyroid replacement therapy.&#10;D) The client should avoid contact with others until the treatment is over.

Accepted Answer

Radioactive iodine therapy is used to treat hyperthyroidism by destroying thyroid tissue with radiation. As a result, the client may become hypothyroid and require thyroid replacement therapy after the treatment. The client does not need to limit fluid intake or avoid contact with others, but they may need to follow certain precautions to minimize radiation exposure to others.

Question 11

Which finding should the nurse be most concerned about for a client with hypothyroidism?&#10;A) Dry skin&#10;B) Generalized weakness&#10;C) Muscle cramps&#10;D) Weight gain

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which finding should the nurse be most...

Question 12

Which food selection should the client with hyperthyroidism be instructed to avoid?&#10;A) Soy sauce&#10;B) Dairy products&#10;C) High-calorie foods&#10;D) Caffeine-free soda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which food selection should the client with...

Question 13

Which electrolyte disturbance should the nurse assess a client for that is receiving hydrocortisone therapy?&#10;A) Hypernatremia and hyperglycemia&#10;B) Hypernatremia and hyperkalemia&#10;C) Hypercalcemia and hyperkalemia&#10;D) Hypoglycemia and hyponatremia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which electrolyte disturbance should the nurse assess...

Question 14

Which assessment findings should the nurse anticipate for the client with Cushing's syndrome?&#10;A) Hypotension&#10;B) Tachycardia&#10;C) Upper body obesity&#10;D) Thin, gaunt appearance of the face

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which assessment findings should the nurse anticipate...

Question 15

Which assessment findings are associated with Cushing's disease? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.&#10;A) Acne&#10;B) Osteoporosis&#10;C) Confusion&#10;D) Delayed wound healing&#10;E) Lethargy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which assessment findings are associated with Cushing's...

Question 16

Which should the nurse monitor the client for that is receiving glucocorticoid therapy?&#10;A) Hypothermia&#10;B) Hypotension&#10;C) Hypertension&#10;D) Weight loss

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should the nurse monitor the client...

Question 17

Which is the initial step of the negative feedback regulation that results in the suppression of secretion of TSH and TRH thyroid hormone?&#10;A) Blood levels of thyroid hormone rise.&#10;B) Hypothalamus secretes thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH).&#10;C) T3 and T4 are secreted.&#10;D) The anterior pituitary secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is the initial step of the...

Question 18

Which finding is a sign or symptom of hypothyroidism?&#10;A) Anxiety&#10;B) Bradycardia&#10;C) Tachycardia&#10;D) Weight loss

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which finding is a sign or symptom...

Question 19

The nurse is preparing to educate a client prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?&#10;A) Monitor daily temperature.&#10;B) Assess for decreased appetite.&#10;C) Assess weekly serum blood levels.&#10;D) Assess for altered sleep patterns.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing to educate a...

Question 20

Which should the nurse include in the plan of care when administering intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) to a client?&#10;A) Instruct the client to blow his nose following administration.&#10;B) Be sure to have fresh water at the bedside.&#10;C) Withhold other prescriptions when administering desmopressin (DDAVP) to ensure absorption.&#10;D) Direct the spray high into the nasal cavity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should the nurse include in the...

Question 21

Which assessment finding should the nurse recognize is an adverse CNS effect of mitotane (Lysodren)? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Confusion
B) Tinnitus
C) Lethargy
D) Increasing depression
E) Dizziness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which assessment finding should the nurse recognize...

Question 22

A client with Addison's disease is experiencing nausea, vomiting, and confusion. Which priority intervention should the nurse anticipate to be included in the plan of care?&#10;A) Placement of a nasogastric tube&#10;B) Administration of intravenous hydrocortisone&#10;C) Administration of intravenous diuretic&#10;D) Immediate endotracheal intubation

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with Addison's disease is experiencing...

Question 23

Which should the nurse anticipate will be included in a client's treatment plan to limit the incidence of serious adverse effects when prescribing corticosteroids?&#10;A) Administer steroids every other day&#10;B) Administer small doses over a period of several weeks&#10;C) Administer oral doses of the prescription whenever possible&#10;D) Administer large doses for acute conditions then discontinue the prescription

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should the nurse anticipate will be...

Question 24

Which should the nurse monitor a client for who has been on long-term steroid therapy?&#10;A) Acute closed angle glaucoma&#10;B) Muscle wasting&#10;C) Ulcerative colitis&#10;D) Weight loss

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should the nurse monitor a client...

Question 25

Which should the nurse instruct a client to report that has been prescribed methimazole (Tapazole)? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Unexplained bruising
B) Anxiety
C) Decrease sense of taste
D) Weight loss
E) Intolerance to cold

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should the nurse instruct a client...

Question 26

Which should the nurse be most concerned about during the treatment of a client experiencing a thyroid storm?&#10;A) The client requires a second dose of propylthiouracil.&#10;B) The client develops crackles in both lung bases.&#10;C) The client begins to shiver.&#10;D) The client becomes hyperglycemic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which should the nurse be most concerned...

Question 27

Which information should the nurse include in the teaching for the client prescribed long-term corticosteroid therapy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Avoid carbonated beverages.
B) Participate in regular weight-bearing exercises.
C) Avoid taking calcium supplements.
D) Take your prescription with food or milk.
E) Avoid caffeine in the diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which information should the nurse include in...

Question 28

Which information should the nurse include in the teaching for the client prescribed long-term corticosteroid therapy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Avoid carbonated beverages.
B) Participate in regular weight-bearing exercises.
C) Avoid taking calcium supplements.
D) Take your prescription with food or milk.
E) Avoid caffeine in the diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which information should the nurse include in...

Question 29

Which statements made by a client indicate an understanding of the education for corticosteroid therapy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) "If I cannot take my medicine for more than 2 days, I will contact my healthcare provider."
B) "I will take my medication at the same time every day."
C) "I will take my medication with food or a meal."
D) "I will avoid dairy products while taking this medication."
E) "If I notice my vision is changing, I will contact my healthcare provider."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statements made by a client indicate...

Question 30

Which result from the diagnostic testing with cosyntropin (Cortrosyn) for adrenocortical insufficiency indicates secondary adrenocortical insufficiency has occurred?&#10;A) The client's plasma level of cortisol rises following the injection.&#10;B) The client has carpal spasms following injection.&#10;C) The client's urine cortisol fails to rise following the injection.&#10;D) The client experiences flushing following the injection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which result from the diagnostic testing with...

Deck 44: Drugs for Pituitary, Thyroid, and Adrenal Disorders