Deck 35: Drugs for Bacterial Infections

Question 1

Which information should the nurse include in the teaching about bacteria with a client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Bacteria are either aerobic or anaerobic.
B) Bacteria are multicellular organisms.
C) E. coli are gram-negative bacteria.
D) Gram staining is one way to identify bacteria.
E) Spherical-shaped bacteria are called cocci.

Answer 1

E. coli are gram-negative bacteria.
Gram staining is one way to identify bacteria.
Spherical-shaped bacteria are called cocci.

Question 2

Which priority nursing actions should the nurse take prior to administering penicillin G benzathine (Bicillin LA) to a client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Have the client lie down and assess vital signs.
B) Inquire about a history of allergies to penicillin.
C) Inform the client that they will need be observed for 30 minutes after the injection.
D) Inform the client that they will need someone to drive them home.
E) Advise the client to rest for the remainder of the day.

Answer 2

Inquire about a history of allergies to penicillin.
Inform the client that they will need be observed for 30 minutes after the injection.

Question 3

A client prescribed amoxicillin (Amoxil) for 10 days to treat strep throat tells the nurse that they are going to stop the prescription when they feel better. Which initial response should the nurse provide the client?

A) "If you stop the prescription early, you may have not effectively killed the bacteria."
B) "You should get another throat culture if your symptoms return."
C) "Stopping the prescription early could result in resistance to the antibiotic."
D) "If you do stop your prescription early, make sure you get another throat culture."

Answer 3

"If you stop the prescription early, you may have not effectively killed the bacteria."

Question 4

The nurse plans to teach the client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) about bacterial infections. Which information should the nurse include in this teaching? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) "If just a few bacteria make you sick, this is virulence."
B) "Most bacteria have developed antibiotic resistance."
C) "Pathogens are divided into two classes, bacteria and viruses."
D) "Pathogenicity means the bacteria can cause an infection."
E) "Actually, most bacteria will not harm us."

Question 5

A client tells the nurse they do not understand why their prescribed antibiotic did not kill the bacteria that caused their infection. Which response should the nurse provide the client?

A) "Some antibiotics work with your body's ability to help kill the infection."
B) "Your healthcare provider will most likely prescribe a different type of antibiotic."
C) "Your healthcare provider will want additional blood work to identify type of bacteria."
D) "Your infection is not a serious one and over time your body should be able to kill the bacteria."

Question 6

Which treatment plan should the nurse anticipate for the client with a sore throat, with white patches on the tonsils and swollen cervical lymph nodes?

A) Prescription of a narrow-spectrum antibiotic
B) Prescription of a broad-spectrum antibiotic
C) Prescription for blood cultures
D) Prescription for a throat culture

Question 7

Which describes the action of bactericidal drugs?

A) Disrupt normal cell function
B) Slow the growth of the bacteria
C) High potency
D) Kill the bacteria

Question 8

Which priority question should the nurse ask the female client that has been prescribed penicillin G?

A) "Are you pregnant?"
B) "Do you plan to become pregnant?"
C) "Are you breastfeeding?"
D) "Are you taking birth control pills?"

Question 9

Which laboratory test should the nurse anticipate prescribed to help identify the correct antibiotic to be used for the treatment of a client with a fever of 104°F?

A) Liver function tests
B) Complete blood count (CBC)
C) Urinalysis
D) Blood for culture and sensitivity

Question 10

Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a client prescribed tetracycline? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Take the medication with antacids.
B) Do not take the prescription with iron supplements.
C) Do not take the prescription with milk.
D) Do not take the prescription with vitamins.
E) Take the prescription with food.

Question 11

A client with tuberculosis asks why they are prescribed multiple drugs. Which information should the nurse include in the education?

A) "Current research indicates that the most effective way to treat tuberculosis is with multiple drugs."
B) "Multiple drugs are necessary because the bacteria are likely to develop resistance to just one drug."
C) "Treatment for tuberculosis is complex, and multiple drugs must be continued for as long as you are contagious."
D) "Multiple drug treatment is necessary to help develop an immunity to tuberculosis."

Question 12

Which describes pathogenicity?

A) Ability of organisms to cause infection
B) Ability to kill pathogens
C) Ability for disease to occur when pathogens are present
D) Ability to disrupt the DNA of the pathogen

Question 13

Which is a nursing priority action for the client receiving gentamicin (Garamycin) intravenously?

A) Monitor the client for hearing loss.
B) Draw daily blood chemistries.
C) Decrease the fluids for the client during therapy.
D) Place the client on isolation precautions.

Question 14

Prior to administering a prescribed dose of gentamicin (Garamycin), the nurse notes a client's serum level of gentamicin (Garamycin) is 12 mcg/mL? Which action should the nurse take?

A) Administer the dose of gentamicin
B) Request a new culture and sensitivity
C) Request a new serum level
D) Hold the dose of gentamicin

Question 15

The nurse notes a client that has received intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) develops an upper body rash and has a decreased urine output. In addition to notifying the healthcare provider, which is the nurse's priority action?

A) Hold the next dose of vancomycin (Vancocin).
B) Obtain a stat x-ray.
C) Administer an antihistamine.
D) Obtain a sterile urine specimen.

Question 16

The nurse notes a client has a gram-negative urinary tract infection. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate?

A) Tetracycline (Sumycin)
B) Vancomycin (Vancocin)
C) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
D) Gentamicin (Garamycin)

Question 17

Which statement should the nurse include when discussing antibiotic resistance with a client?

A) "Resistance to antibiotics most often occurs when a client has a suppressed immune system."
B) "Resistance to antibiotics can occur by the common use for nosocomial infections."
C) "Resistance to antibiotics most often occurs when prescribed to treat the wrong organism."
D) "Resistance to antibiotics can occur any time they are prophylactic prescribed."

Question 18

Which question should the nurse ask the client that is prescribed cefepime (Maxipime)?

A) "Are you breastfeeding?"
B) "Are you pregnant?"
C) "Are you allergic to penicillin?"
D) "Are you allergic to tetracycline?"

Question 19

Which should the nurse assess the client for that is receiving intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin)? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Neuromuscular toxicity
B) Nephrotoxicity
C) Cardiotoxicity
D) Neurotoxicity
E) Acute toxicity

Question 20

Which is a priority nursing assessment for the client receiving multiple antibiotics?

A) Assessing blood cultures for the presence of bacteria
B) Assessing changes in stool, white patches in the mouth, and urogenital itching or rash
C) Assessing renal and liver function tests
D) Assessing whether or not the client has adequate food and fluid intake

Question 21

Which should the nurse recognize is the safest classification of antibiotics that is commonly prescribed?

A) Macrolides
B) Aminoglycosides
C) Sulfonamides
D) Penicillin

Question 22

Which information should the nurse provide when educating a client about the reduction of the development of antibiotic resistance? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) The best way to prevent antibiotic resistance is to prevent infections from occurring.
B) Antibiotic prescriptions are not used for the treatment of colds and influenza.
C) Take the full amount of any prescribed medication.
D) See your healthcare provider as soon as you feel ill.
E) Use good infection control measures.

Question 23

Which should the nurse anticipate prescribed for a client with a complicated MRSA infection?

A) Telithromycin (Ketek)
B) Linezolid (Zyvox)
C) Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)
D) Clindamycin (Cleocin)

Question 24

Which prescription should the nurse anticipate for a client requiring an extended-spectrum penicillin?

A) Oxacillin
B) Piperacillin
C) Penicillin V
D) Ampicillin

Question 25

Which should the nurse monitor a client for that is prescribed cefotaxime (Claforan)?

A) Diarrhea
B) Headache
C) Fever
D) Tachycardia

Question 26

Which describes a characteristic of the class of carbapenems?

A) They have some of the broadest antimicrobial spectrums.
B) They have one of the lowest resistance rates.
C) They have some of the narrowest antimicrobial spectrums.
D) They have one of the longest half-lives.

Question 27

Which unit of measurement should the nurse anticipate penicillin to be prescribed?

A) Grams
B) Grains
C) Units
D) Milligrams

Question 28

Which describes the action of urinary antiseptics? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) They can be administered intravenously.
B) They are used as first-line treatment of urinary tract infections.
C) Therapeutic levels of the drug are reached in the kidney.
D) They treat local infections in the urinary tract.
E) The anti-infective action is specific to the urinary system.

Question 29

Which statement made by a client prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Septra) should the nurse be concerned about?

A) "I will take this prescription with water."
B) "I forgot to take iron today."
C) "I will not take my warfarin at the same time."
D) "If I go out I will make sure to use a strong sunscreen."

Question 30

Which should the nurse recognize is a broad-spectrum penicillin? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) Oxacillin
B) Ampicillin
C) Piperacillin
D) Amoxicillin
E) Dicloxacillin