Deck 13: Nutrition Care and Assessment

Question 1

A coordinated program of treatment that merges the care plans of different health practitioners is a:

A)critical pathway.
B)care map.
C)clinical pathway.
D)care plan.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Malnutrition :

A)occurs in 10-12% of hospital patients.
B)is always a top priority in patient care.
C)often increases overall patient care costs.
D)frequently shortens hospital stays.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is not a criterion for identifying malnutrition risk?

A)depression
B)recent changes in appetite
C)medical diagnosis
D)gender

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A patient's diet order is prescribed by the:

A)registered dietitian.
B)physician.
C)registered nurse.
D)registered dietetic technician.

Question 5

Which of the following medical problems is not generally associated with malnutrition?

A)celiac disease
B)dementia
C)pressure sores
D)incontinence

Question 6

"What is the first thing you ate or drank yesterday morning?" is often the first question asked in a:

A)food frequency questionnaire.
B)kcalorie count.
C)food diary.
D)24-hour recall.

Question 7

The medical history provides information about:

A)genetic susceptibility to diseases.
B)living situation.
C)recent food intake.
D)financial concerns that may restrict access to food.

Question 8

Medical nutrition therapy includes all of the following except:

A)performing nutrition assessments.
B)diagnosing nutrition problems.
C)developing nutrition care plans.
D)writing a patient's diet order.

Question 9

Which of the following nursing diagnoses has nutritional implications?

A)hyperthermia
B)self-esteem disturbance
C)impaired dentition
D)sleep pattern disturbance

Question 10

A written account of foods and beverages consumed by a client over several days is called a nutrition diagnosis.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a characteristic of nutrition screening?

A)accurate enough to identify nutrition risk
B)varies according to the health care facility
C)may lead to a referral for nutrition care
D)the first step in the nutrition care process

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the nurse's roles in nutrition care of a patient?

A)nutrition screening
B)encouraging patients to eat
C)answering questions about special diets
D)developing, implementing, and evaluating nutrition care plans

Question 13

Which of the following evaluates a person's risk of malnutrition by ranking key variables from the medical history and physical examination?

A)subjective global assessment
B)integrated assessment
C)functional assessment
D)nutrition care plan

Question 14

The 24-hour recall provides accurate and complete data for assessing an individual's diet.

Question 15

To ensure that a planned intervention is realistic, the dietitian takes into account the client's food habits, lifestyle, and other personal factors.

Question 16

Obtaining an accurate account of a person's usual food intake is dependent upon all of the following but:

A)the person's memory.
B)the person's honesty.
C)the interviewer's skill.
D)the interviewer's personality.

Question 17

Serum protein values can be affected by fluid imbalances, pregnancy, infections, and some medications.

Question 18

The registered dietitian performs all of the following services except:

A)conducting nutrition assessments.
B)planning and approving menus.
C)diagnosing nutrition problems.
D)changing a patient's diet order.

Question 19

Which of the following health professionals does not assume a primary role for developing and implementing nutrition care plans?

A)dietetic technician
B)dietitian
C)nurse
D)pharmacist

Question 20

Limitations of a 24-hour recall include all of the following except:

A)the previous day's intake may not be typical.
B)they are difficult to obtain.
C)the person may not be able to accurately report portion sizes.
D)they provide data for one day only.

Question 21

A child's height is measured in the standing position once she or he reaches the age of:

A)12 months.
B)18 months.
C)2 years.
D)3 years.

Question 22

Which of the following methods of collecting a dietary history is the most time-consuming and requires a high degree of motivation to complete?

A)24-hour recall
B)food frequency questionnaire
C)food record
D)direct observation

Question 23

Tools for obtaining food intake data include all of the following except:

A)24-hour recall.
B)food frequency questionnaires.
C)food records.
D)diet manuals.

Question 24

Which of the following is not an anthropometric measurement commonly used to evaluate overnutrition and undernutrition?

A)height
B)arm length
C)waist circumference
D)head circumference

Question 25

A disadvantage of using a food record is:

A)the time involved in keeping one.
B)it increases awareness of one's food choices.
C)the process does not rely on a person's memory.
D)it may provide more information than is needed.

Question 26

Which of the following can be used to record behaviors associated with eating, physical activity, medications, and symptoms associated with eating?

A)24-hour recall
B)kcalorie count
C)food frequency questionnaire
D)food record

Question 27

In people who are ill, significant weight loss may be masked by:

A)fluid retention.
B)dehydration.
C)a large tumor.
D)drug therapy.

Question 28

Which of the following is used in infancy to assess brain development?

A)measure of abdominal girth
B)fatfold measurement
C)head circumference
D)height and weight

Question 29

Which of the following laboratory tests would aid in the diagnosis of anemia?

A)red blood cell count
B)total protein
C)C-reactive protein
D)blood urea nitrogen

Question 30

What is the ideal body weight of a 42-year-old female who is 5'5" tall and of medium frame?

A)108 pounds
B)113 pounds
C)132 pounds
D)149 pounds

Question 31

A disadvantage to using a food frequency questionnaire is:

A)it does not take into account fluctuations in food intake.
B)its inability to determine recent changes in food intake.
C)the results are not affected by seasonal changes in diet.
D)it may not be reflective of a typical day's intake.

Question 32

For an adult's height to be accurately measured, the person should:

A)stand erect without shoes.
B)stand erect with shoes.
C)stand with feet slightly apart.
D)stand 2" away from the wall.

Question 33

Joe, a 69-year-old widower, has lost 27 pounds since his wife's death a year ago.He is 5'11" and his usual body weight is 173 pounds.What is his %UBW?

A)15%
B)69%
C)84%
D)101%

Question 34

Jim is 5'10" tall, is of medium frame, and weighs 135 pounds.Based on his IBW, what is his level of nutritional risk?

A)no risk of malnutrition
B)risk of mild malnutrition
C)risk of moderate malnutrition
D)risk of severe malnutrition

Question 35

Which of the following is most often used to monitor a client's response to and compliance with medical nutrition therapy?

A)food record
B)food frequency checklist
C)24-hour recall
D)usual intake record

Question 36

What is the %IBW of a 35-year-old female whose IBW is 120 pounds and whose actual weight is 108 pounds?

A)90
B)110
C)120
D)132

Question 37

All of the following standardized conditions should be used when making repeated weight measures on adults except:

A)weight should be taken at the same time of day.
B)weight must be estimated for bedridden patients.
C)the same scale should be used.
D)weight should be taken after the person has voided.

Question 38

When direct observations are used to generate an estimate of a client's current food intake, the procedure is called a:

A)kcalorie count.
B)food diary.
C)24-hour recall.
D)food record.

Question 39

Which of the following is most valuable for evaluating the degree of nutrition risk associated with acute illness?

A)ideal body weight
B)height-weight tables
C)percent ideal body weight
D)percent usual body weight

Question 40

The height of a person who is unable to stand is estimated from equations that use:

A)elbow breadth or wrist circumference.
B)knee height or full arm span.
C)head circumference or wrist circumference.
D)knee height or elbow breadth.

Question 41

Mr.Wilson's low hemoglobin and hematocrit may be indicative of a deficiency of dietary:

A)potassium.
B)calcium.
C)sodium.
D)iron.

Question 42

Transthyretin is also known as:

A)prealbumin.
B)retinol-binding protein.
C)transferrin.
D)albumin.

Question 43

The most likely cause of Mr.Wilson's weight loss is:

A)depression due to loss of his spouse.
B)inadequate income to purchase food.
C)lack of knowledge about nutrition.
D)a high level of physical activity.

Question 44

Among the following, the least expensive lab test for evaluating protein status is:

A)prealbumin.
B)albumin.
C)transthyretin.
D)retinol-binding protein.

Question 45

Edema means:

A)fluid retention.
B)dehydration.
C)PEM.
D)wasting.

Question 46

Mr.Wilson's low albumin level may indicate a depletion of:

A)body fat.
B)body proteins.
C)vitamin D.
D)iron.

Question 47

A drawback to obtaining detailed genetic information about one's disease risk is:

A)the potential for revealing private information.
B)people may take better care of themselves and seek medical care less often.
C)less effective treatments for some diseases.
D)physicians may quit ordering less expensive lab tests.
Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice

Question 48

The human body contains _____ chromosomes.

A)23
B)37
C)46
D)52

Question 49

Signs of fluid retention include all of the following except:

A)tight-fitting shoes.
B)puffy face.
C)abdominal distension.
D)reduced skin tension.

Question 50

Signs of malnutrition tend to appear most often in parts of the body where cell replacement occurs at a rapid rate, including all of the following except the:

A)hair.
B)skin.
C)respiratory tract.
D)digestive tract.

Question 51

Genomics research may be helpful in all of these areas except:

A)fine-tuning nutrient recommendations for individuals.
B)establishing indicators of nutrient status for some minerals.
C)understanding how nutrient deficiencies may alter gene expression.
D)determining environmental factors that may influence disease risk.

Question 52

What is Mr.Wilson's ideal body weight?

A)125 pounds
B)144 pounds
C)161 pounds
D)170 pounds

Question 53

Albumin has a half-life of:

A)2-4 days.
B)2-3 weeks.
C)3-6 days.
D)3-6 weeks.

Question 54

Which of the following statements about albumin is false?

A)It is the most abundant plasma protein.
B)It is slow to reflect changes in nutrition status.
C)It degrades slowly in the body.
D)It is a sensitive indicator of effective nutritional intervention.

Question 55

What lab value responds to both PEM and iron status?

A)albumin
B)prealbumin
C)retinol-binding protein
D)transferrin

Question 56

Segments of a DNA strand that can be translated into proteins are called:

A)chromosomes.
B)noncoding sequences.
C)genomics.
D)genes.

Question 57

Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for Mr.Wilson?

A)impaired physical mobility
B)feeding self-care deficit
C)imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D)impaired dentition

Question 58

What is Mr.Wilson's percent usual body weight?

A)86.6%
B)88.3%
C)113.2%
D)115.4%

Question 59

The study of the effects of diet on gene expression is called:

A)gene expression.
B)nutritional genomics.
C)nutritional science.
D)gene therapy.

Question 60

Which of the following is an indicator of good nutritional status?

A)shiny hair
B)smooth tongue
C)lack of fat under the skin
D)rough skin
Use the following case study to answer questions 46-51.
John Wilson is a 74-year-old retired schoolteacher.He is 5'8" tall and weighs 136 pounds.His wife died nine months ago.During a routine visit to the doctor, it was noted that his weight had decreased 21 pounds since his visit a year ago.Mr.Wilson does not have any medical problems, though he does report feeling depressed and lonely.The physician ordered a panel of lab tests including hemoglobin, hematocrit, and albumin, which all were low.

Question 61

Interpreting laboratory tests can be challenging because many factors influence test results.The nurse understands that:

A)no one lab value is an indicator of nutritional deficiencies.
B)serum albumin is the only reliable lab value to determine protein status.
C)fluid imbalances have no effect on lab values.
D)serum values of vitamins and minerals are good indicators of nutrient deficiencies.

Question 62

The nurse recognizes that diseases involving the esophagus may have nutritional implications due to difficulty swallowing, and it will be necessary to:

A)have a family member feed the patient.
B)monitor the patient's food intake.
C)be in the room and encourage the patient to eat.
D)provide the patient with assisted feeding devices.

Question 63

Which of the following nursing diagnoses has a nutritional implication?

A)feeding self-care deficit
B)impaired verbal communication
C)bowel incontinence
D)sleep deprivation

Question 64

The nurse understands the importance of evaluating the progress of growth in pregnant women, infants, children, and adolescents, detecting under- and over-nutrition in all age groups, and measuring changes in body composition over time.The nurse should recognize that all of these purposes can be served through:

A)anthropometric measurements.
B)functional tests of nutrition status.
C)biochemical tests of protein status.
D)physical examination for signs of malnutrition.

Question 65

Describe the types of information collected in a nutrition screening.

Question 66

The nurse understands that though a dietitian or dietetic technician may perform a patient's nutrition screening, it should occur within _____ hours of admission.

A)12
B)24
C)36
D)48

Question 67

List and describe the steps in the nutrition care process.

Question 68

When a patient is diagnosed with a chronic illness that requires long-term dietary modifications, the most appropriate role for the nurse is to:

A)write the correct diet order.
B)help patients accept and understand the dietary changes.
C)plan and approve the patient's menus while she/he is in the hospital.
D)evaluate the accuracy of the meal trays.

Question 69

The nurse recognizes that the dietitian has appropriately documented a nutrition diagnosis for a patient who recently lost a significant amount of weight as:

A)recent weight loss of 10 pounds.
B)unintentional weight loss related to poor kcalorie intake as evidenced by 10% weight loss in the past 2 months.
C)unintentional weight loss as evidenced by 10% weight loss.
D)recent weight loss of 10% of usual body weight.

Question 70

Describe how bed rest and immobility compromise nutrition status.

Question 71

The nurse recognizes that an illness that interferes with the digestion or absorption of nutrients may ultimately lead to:

A)difficulty swallowing.
B)inappropriate food intake.
C)a shorter hospital stay.
D)slower healing from injury.

Question 72

An elderly male is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of malnutrition three months after his wife died.The nurse recognizes that this is most likely due to which criteria for identifying malnutrition risk?

A)depression or social isolation
B)recent unintentional weight change
C)history of chronic illness
D)age

Question 73

The nurse recognizes that a patient experiencing a high fever and vomiting is at risk for:

A)malnutrition.
B)wasting.
C)dehydration.
D)fluid retention.

Question 74

The nurse recognizes that weight gain due to fluid retention in a patient with liver cirrhosis can mask symptoms of:

A)liver failure.
B)PEM.
C)obesity.
D)gallbladder disease.

Question 75

The nurse is measuring the length of an infant and understands that in order to perform this measurement correctly:

A)the infant must be completely undressed.
B)a measuring board should be used.
C)a flexible tape measure should be used.
D)the measurement should be recorded to the nearest ¼".

Question 76

The nurse realizes that malnutrition is a common problem among people who are hospitalized and that it is associated with:

A)a weakened immune system.
B)lower mortality rates.
C)reduced health care costs.
D)fewer complications.

Question 77

If the nurse is unable to obtain a patient's weight and the patient states her weight, the nurse understands that:

A)five pounds should be added to the self-reported weight.
B)self-reported weights are valid.
C)the weight should be documented as self-reported.
D)it is impolite to ask a patient's weight.

Question 78

The dietitian asks the nurse to observe a patient's food intake and record the kinds and quantities of foods the patient receives and leaves on his plate.The nurse realizes that the dietitian is interested in keeping a _____ for this patient.

A)food record
B)24-hour recall
C)kcalorie count
D)usual intake record

Question 79

The nurse reviews the dietitian's note that includes a specific nutrition problem, its etiology, and evidence of the problem.The nurse recognizes this as the:

A)nursing diagnosis.
B)physician's diet order.
C)hospital diet manual.
D)nutrition diagnosis.

Question 80

Matching