Deck 14: Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the combining form for the reproductive glands?

A) Aden/o
B) Adren/o
C) Gonad/o
D) Cortic/o

Answer 1

Gonad/o

Question 2

What is the name of the combining form for the gland in which the islets of Langerhans are located?

A) Thyr/o
B) Adren/o
C) Pancreat/o
D) Parathyroid/o

Answer 2

Pancreat/o

Question 3

The inner part of the adrenal gland is the

A) hilum.
B) cortex.
C) medulla.
D) pelvis.

Answer 3

medulla.

Question 4

The combining form for "gland" is

A) aden/o.
B) adren/o.
C) gonad/o.
D) cortic/o.

Question 5

Androgen and estrogen are

A) catecholamines.
B) mineralocorticoids.
C) glucocorticoids.
D) sex hormones.

Question 6

The part of the master gland that secretes ADH is the

A) anterior lobe.
B) adrenal cortex.
C) posterior lobe.
D) islets of Langerhans.

Question 7

Chemical messengers used by the endocrine system to regulate body functions are

A) hormones.
B) neurotransmitters.
C) chemotherapeutic agents.
D) cytokines.

Question 8

The combining form for the external part of the adrenal gland is

A) calic/o.
B) cortic/o.
C) medull/o.
D) pyel/o.

Question 9

Aldosterone regulates blood volume, blood pressure, and

A) calcium.
B) vitamins.
C) electrolytes.
D) sex hormones.

Question 10

The hormone that stimulates the muscles of the uterus during the delivery of an infant is

A) ADH.
B) calcitonin.
C) oxytocin.
D) PTH.

Question 11

The combining form for the master gland is

A) thyr/o.
B) thym/o.
C) adren/o.
D) hypophys/o.

Question 12

The combining form for the pituitary gland is

A) aden/o.
B) adren/o.
C) hypophys/o.
D) thym/o.

Question 13

Another name for ADH is

A) oxytocin.
B) vasopressin.
C) oxytocia.
D) insulin.

Question 14

Which hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to release steroids?

A) TSH
B) PRL
C) ACTH
D) STH

Question 15

The combining form for the gland located in the mediastinum that is responsible for stimulating cells key in the immune response is

A) thyr/o.
B) thym/o.
C) adren/o.
D) hypophys/o.

Question 16

Which hormone stimulates the thyroid to release two other thyroid hormones?

A) TSH
B) PRL
C) ACTH
D) STH

Question 17

Another term for epinephrine is

A) acetylcholine.
B) adrenaline.
C) norepinephrine.
D) dopamine.

Question 18

Which hormone stimulates growth of long bones and skeletal muscle and converts proteins to glucose?

A) TSH
B) PRL
C) ACTH
D) STH

Question 19

The parathyroid glands regulate the amount of calcium in the

A) nerves.
B) brain.
C) blood.
D) kidneys.

Question 20

Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breast?

A) TSH
B) PRL
C) ACTH
D) STH

Question 21

Deficient hormones in which disorder may lead to tetany, hypocalcemia, and muscle cramps?

A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Hyperparathyroidism
D) Hypoparathyroidism

Question 22

Hypersecretion of hGH from the anterior pituitary during childhood, leading to excessive growth, is

A) GHD.
B) gigantism.
C) diabetes insipidus.
D) Simmonds disease.

Question 23

Enlargement of the thyroid gland is called

A) anorexia.
B) exophthalmia.
C) goiter.
D) hirsutism.

Question 24

Patients who exhibit excessive appetite may have which term in their chart?

A) Polyphagia
B) Exophthalmia
C) Goiter
D) Hirsutism

Question 25

Deficiency of calcium in the blood is

A) hypocalcemia.
B) hypokalemia.
C) hypoglycemia.
D) hyponatremia.

Question 26

The removal of the parathyroid gland, usually to treat hyperparathyroidism, is called

A) adrenalectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) parathyroidectomy.
D) thyroidectomy.

Question 27

Excessive sugar in the blood is

A) hypercalcemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) hyperkalemia.
D) hypernatremia.

Question 28

hGH deficiency during childhood, resulting in dwarfism, is

A) GHD.
B) gigantism.
C) diabetes insipidus.
D) Simmonds disease.

Question 29

Protrusion of eyeballs from their orbits is

A) anorexia.
B) exophthalmia.
C) goiter.
D) hirsutism.

Question 30

Excessive potassium in the blood is

A) hypercalcemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) hyperkalemia.
D) hypernatremia.

Question 31

Excessive calcium in the blood is

A) hypercalcemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) hyperkalemia.
D) hypernatremia.

Question 32

Which gland regulates cell metabolism?

A) Adrenal cortex
B) Adrenal medulla
C) Thyroid gland
D) Parathyroid gland

Question 33

One type of this disorder that may be accompanied by exophthalmia is termed Graves' disease is

A) hyperthyroidism.
B) hypothyroidism.
C) hyperparathyroidism.
D) hypoparathyroidism.

Question 34

The hormone that stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water and return it to circulation is

A) antediuretic hormone.
B) antidiuretic hormone.
C) oxytocin.
D) oxytocia.

Question 35

Deficiency or lack of all pituitary hormones, causing hypotension, weight loss, weakness, and loss of libido, is

A) GHD.
B) gigantism.
C) diabetes insipidus.
D) panhypopituitarism.

Question 36

Deficiency of potassium in the blood is

A) hypocalcemia.
B) hypokalemia.
C) hypoglycemia.
D) hyponatremia.

Question 37

Deficiency of sodium in the blood is

A) hypocalcemia.
B) hypokalemia.
C) hypoglycemia.
D) hyponatremia.

Question 38

Abnormal hairiness, especially in women, is

A) anorexia.
B) exophthalmia.
C) goiter.
D) hirsutism.

Question 39

Undersecretion of ADH, resulting in polydipsia and polyuria, is

A) GHD.
B) gigantism.
C) diabetes insipidus.
D) Simmonds disease.

Question 40

Deficiency of sugar in the blood is

A) hypocalcemia.
B) hypokalemia.
C) hypoglycemia.
D) hyponatremia.

Question 41

Excessive sodium in the blood is

A) hypercalcemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) hyperkalemia.
D) hypernatremia.

Question 42

Excessive secretion of cortisol leading to obesity, leukocytosis, hirsutism, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and muscle wasting is _____ disease.

A) Addison
B) Cushing
C) Graves
D) Simmonds

Question 43

Which disease was previously called IDDM?

A) Type 1 diabetes
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) Hyperinsulinism
D) Diabetes insipidus

Question 44

The condition of excessive urination is

A) polydipsia.
B) polyuria.
C) polyphagia.
D) micturition.

Question 45

Which is a laboratory test that measures the thyroid gland's ability to concentrate and retain iodine and that is useful to test for hyperthyroidism?

A) RIA
B) RAIU
C) OGTT
D) TFTs

Question 46

The condition of excessive appetite is

A) polydipsia.
B) polyuria.
C) polyphagia.
D) anorexia.

Question 47

Total lack of insulin production, with symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, blurred vision, fatigue, and frequent infections, is

A) hyperinsulinism.
B) type 1 diabetes.
C) type 2 diabetes.
D) diabetes insipidus.

Question 48

Oversecretion of insulin, seen in some newborns of diabetic mothers, is

A) hyperinsulinism.
B) type 1 diabetes.
C) type 2 diabetes.
D) diabetes insipidus.

Question 49

An abnormal sensation such as prickling is

A) polydipsia.
B) polyuria.
C) polyphagia.
D) paresthesia.

Question 50

The condition of excessive thirst is

A) polydipsia.
B) polyuria.
C) polyphagia.
D) paresthesia.

Question 51

Continuous muscle spasms are

A) paresthesia.
B) tetany.
C) myalgia.
D) muscular dystrophy.

Question 52

Which is a test that measures the body's response to a concentrated glucose solution and that may be used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?

A) RIA
B) RAI
C) OGTT
D) TFTs

Question 53

A chronic immune system disease that attacks the thyroid gland that often occurs slowly, leading to difficulty thinking, dry skin, goiter, fatigue, hair loss, and cold intolerance is called

A) Addison's disease.
B) Cushing's disease.
C) Graves' disease.
D) Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Question 54

Oversecretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine is

A) pheochromocytoma.
B) goiter.
C) Addison's disease.
D) Cushing's disease.

Question 55

Which disease was previously called NIDDM?

A) Type 1 diabetes
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) Hyperinsulinism
D) Diabetes insipidus

Question 56

Insufficient secretion of adrenal cortisol manifested by gastric complaints, hypotension, and dehydration is _____ disease.

A) Addison
B) Cushing
C) Graves
D) Simmonds

Question 57

Excessive secretion of the thyroid gland is _____ disease.

A) Addison
B) Cushing
C) Graves
D) Simmonds

Question 58

Which is caused by a lack of vasopressin?

A) Type 1 diabetes
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) Hyperinsulinism
D) Diabetes insipidus

Question 59

A blood test used to assess thyroid hormones and evaluate abnormalities of thyroid function is

A) RIA.
B) RAIU.
C) OGTT.
D) TFT.

Question 60

Deficient insulin production associated with obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and family history is

A) hyperinsulinism.
B) type 1 diabetes.
C) type 2 diabetes.
D) diabetes insipidus.

Question 61

Removal of part or all of the thyroid gland is

A) parathyroidectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) thyroidectomy.
D) adenectomy.

Question 62

Removal of the gland that is directly above the kidney is

A) parathyroidectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) thyroidectomy.
D) adrenalectomy.

Question 63

Removal of the gland that includes the islets of Langerhans is

A) parathyroidectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) pancreatectomy.
D) adrenalectomy.

Question 64

Which is used to treat Addison's disease?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Insulin replacement therapy
C) Thyroid hormone replacement
D) Vasopressin, desmopressin acetate

Question 65

The presence of glucose in the urine is called

A) hypoglycemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) polyuria.
D) glucosuria.

Question 66

Oversecretion of ADH, leading to severe hyponatremia, is called

A) Simmonds disease.
B) acromegaly.
C) diabetes mellitus.
D) SIADH.

Question 67

Excision of an adrenal gland is

A) adenectomy.
B) adrenalectomy.
C) adenotomy.
D) adrenotomy.

Question 68

When a urine specimen is tested for the presence of glucose to monitor diabetes mellitus, the test is called a(n)

A) A_1c
B) FBG.
C) urine glucose.
D) OGTT.

Question 69

The presence of ketones in the urine is called

A) ketonuria.
B) hypokalemia.
C) ketoacidosis.
D) hyperkalemia.

Question 70

Enlargement of the extremities is called

A) gigantism.
B) growth hormone deficiency.
C) acromegaly.
D) tetany.

Question 71

Removal of the four glands located on the back of the thyroid gland is

A) parathyroidectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) pancreatectomy.
D) adrenalectomy.

Question 72

Resection of the parathyroid gland is

A) parathyroidectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) thyroidectomy.
D) adenectomy.

Question 73

Which is used to treat diabetes insipidus?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Insulin replacement therapy
C) Thyroid hormone replacement
D) Vasopressin, desmopressin acetate

Question 74

Which procedure to remove part of this gland will result in a regrowth of normal tissue?

A) Parathyroidectomy
B) Hypophysectomy
C) Thyroidectomy
D) Adrenalectomy

Question 75

The condition of excessive ketone acids in the bloodstream is called

A) ketonuria.
B) hypokalemia.
C) ketoacidosis.
D) hyperkalemia.

Question 76

Resection of part or all of the pancreas is

A) pancreasotomy.
B) pancreasectomy.
C) pancreatotomy.
D) pancreatectomy.

Question 77

Excision of the pituitary gland is

A) parathyroidectomy.
B) hypophysectomy.
C) thyroidectomy.
D) adenectomy.

Question 78

A test used to measure average glucose levels and monitor diabetes mellitus is

A) A_1c
B) FBG.
C) urine glucose.
D) OGTT.

Question 79

In this test, after a period of fasting blood is drawn, and the amount of glucose present is used to measure the body's ability to break down and use glucose.

A) A_1c
B) FBG
C) Urine glucose
D) OGTT

Question 80

Which is used to treat diabetes mellitus?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Insulin replacement therapy
C) Thyroid hormone replacement
D) Vasopressin, desmopressin acetate