Deck 6: Urinary System

Question 1

The ___________ brings blood into the glomerulus and the ___________ takes blood away from the glomerulus.

A) renal artery; renal vein
B) renal tubule; renal pelvis
C) afferent arteriole; efferent arteriole
D) renal capillary; renal venule

Answer 1

afferent arteriole; efferent arteriole

Question 2

A urinary tract infection of one or both of the kidneys is

A) pyelonephritis.
B) pyonephritis.
C) glomerulonephritis.
D) nephrosis.

Answer 2

pyelonephritis.

Question 3

A combining form for the urinary bladder is

A) vesicul/o.
B) vesic/o.
C) cyt/o.
D) trigon/o.

Answer 3

vesic/o.

Question 4

What is a condition of excessive urea in the blood?

A) Azoturia
B) Albuminuria
C) Azotemia
D) Nocturia

Question 5

The combining form for the sac that stores urine is

A) cyt/o.
B) cyst/o.
C) vesicul/o.
D) vas/o.

Question 6

A condition of excessive urination at night is

A) enuresis.
B) nocturia.
C) diuresis.
D) polyuria.

Question 7

The combining form for the inner portion of the kidney is

A) medull/o.
B) cortic/o.
C) corne/o.
D) medi/o.

Question 8

The location on the kidney where the ureter and renal vein leave the kidney and the renal artery enters is the renal

A) cortex.
B) hilum.
C) medulla.
D) trigone.

Question 9

The microscopic functional units of the urinary system are

A) nephrons.
B) Bowman capsules.
C) glomeruli.
D) renal tubules.

Question 10

A condition of blood in the urine is

A) hematuria.
B) glycosuria.
C) uremia.
D) Hematuria.

Question 11

The combining form for the tubes that move urine from the kidneys to the bladder is

A) uter/o.
B) ur/o.
C) urethr/o.
D) ureter/o.

Question 12

What is the intense sensation of the need to urinate immediately?

A) Polyuria
B) Urgency
C) Diuresis
D) Enuresis

Question 13

A suffix that denotes a "condition of urine" is

A) -urea.
B) -dipsia.
C) -uria.
D) -lysis.

Question 14

A condition of excessive thirst is

A) hypertension.
B) polyuria.
C) polyphagia.
D) polydipsia.

Question 15

The term for the inability to hold urine is

A) urinary retention.
B) enuresis.
C) diuresis.
D) urinary incontinence.

Question 16

The combining form for the tube that conducts urine from the bladder to the outside of the body is

A) uretero.
B) ur/o.
C) urethr/o.
D) uter/o.

Question 17

What is a condition of sugar in the urine?

A) Glycosuria
B) Hematuria
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Dysuria

Question 18

Many collecting ducts empty into this structure. Many of these structures then merge into the renal pelvis. What is the plural for of the structure discussed?

A) Cortices
B) Calces
C) Calyces
D) Corteces

Question 19

Michelle called her physician's office with complaints of painful urination. She has

A) azoturia.
B) dysuria.
C) nocturia.
D) polyuria.

Question 20

The combining form for the triangular location in the bladder between the ureters' entrance and urethral outlet is

A) vesic/o.
B) trigon/o.
C) meat/o.
D) calic/o.

Question 21

Radiologic imaging of the urinary bladder and urethra while the bladder is full and during urination.

A) KUB
B) CAPD
C) HD
D) VCUG

Question 22

This diagnostic test measures the amount of urine left in the bladder after urination.

A) US
B) VCUG
C) PVR
D) IVP

Question 23

Which statement is correct regarding filtration?

A) Filtration is the last step in urine formation.
B) Filtration involves the Bowman capsule and the glomerulus.
C) During filtration white blood cells move between the filtrate and the blood.
D) The filtrate amount increases when the blood pressure falls.

Question 24

Excessive urination is called

A) dysuria.
B) nocturia.
C) polyuria.
D) oliguria.

Question 25

An infection anywhere in the urinary system is a

A) KUB.
B) UA.
C) URI.
D) UTI.

Question 26

What is the most common cause of UTIs in women?

A) Streptococci
B) Escherichia coli
C) Staphylococci
D) H. pylori

Question 27

Scanty urination is called

A) dysuria.
B) nocturia.
C) polyuria.
D) oliguria.

Question 28

Removal of a kidney stone is

A) nephropexy.
B) nephrolithotomy.
C) nephrectomy.
D) nephrostomy.

Question 29

The condition of pus in the urine is

A) pyeluria.
B) pyuria.
C) pyruria.
D) pyurea.

Question 30

Which of the following is a cluster of capillaries?

A) Bowman's capsule
B) Glomerulus
C) Convoluted tubules
D) Medulla

Question 31

Abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureter is

A) urinary retention.
B) ureterocele.
C) vesicoureteral reflux.
D) VCUG.

Question 32

This type of medication stimulates the bladder to contract, which helps with urination. It is used to treat overactive bladder and urge incontinence.

A) Alpha blockers
B) Anticholinergic
C) Antimuscarinic
D) Beta-3 adrenergic

Question 33

Which of the following is a CLIA waived test?

A) Urine culture
B) Blood urea nitrogen
C) Creatinine clearance test
D) Urinalysis

Question 34

This type of medication relaxes the bladder muscles and decreases bladder contractions.

A) Alpha blockers
B) Anticholinergic
C) Antimuscarinic
D) Beta-3 adrenergic

Question 35

Inflammation of the urinary bladder is called

A) cystitis.
B) nephritis.
C) urethritis.
D) ureteritis.

Question 36

With normal kidney function, _______ do not pass through the capillary walls and remains in the capillary.

A) red and white blood cells
B) electrolytes
C) waste products
D) glucose

Question 37

A benign enlargement of the prostate gland in older men is

A) testicular carcinoma.
B) BPH.
C) PSA.
D) torsion.

Question 38

Which of the following is a blood test used as a screening tool for prostate cancer?

A) AFP
B) HCG
C) CEA
D) PSA

Question 39

BUN stands for

A) blood urine nitrogen.
B) blood urea nitrogen.
C) blood uria nitrogen.
D) blood urinary nitrogen.

Question 40

Peritoneal dialysis is performed by

A) connecting the machine to a shunt that has been surgically implanted in the patient.
B) transferring the patient's blood to the machine to be cleansed.
C) using the abdomen as the filtering mechanism for waste.
D) treating the patient with high doses of diuretics and antihypertensive medications.

Question 41

Which statement is correct?

A) The kidneys are posterior to the peritoneum.
B) The left kidney is higher than the right kidney.
C) The bladder is in the pelvic cavity.
D) All of the above statements are correct.

Question 42

What statement about the urinary system is correct?

A) It is composed of 2 kidneys, 2 urethras, 1 bladder, and 1 ureter.
B) It is composed of 2 kidneys, 1 urethra, 2 bladders, and 1 ureter.
C) It is composed of 1 kidney, 2 urethras, 1 bladder, and 1 ureter.
D) It is composed of 2 kidneys, 1 urethra, 1 bladder, and 2 ureters.

Question 43

Patients receiving peritoneal dialysis must report to the hospital or dialysis center for the procedure.

Question 44

Which statement is correct regarding reabsorption?

A) Reabsorption means substances move from the filtrate back into the blood.
B) Reabsorption occurs in the Bowman capsule and the glomerulus.
C) Water and solutes move back into the filtrate during reabsorption.
D) Reabsorption is the final stage of the urine making process.

Question 45

Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder that occurs only in male children.

Question 46

Only cancerous prostate cells make the protein PSA. Thus PSA test result confirms the presence of cancer of the prostate.

Question 47

Which statement is correct?

A) During pregnancy the filtration rate in the kidney increases.
B) Nephrons mature by age 2.
C) Male kidneys have an increased ability to concentrate urine.
D) In the elderly, the kidneys filter blood slower.
E) All of the above statements are correct.

Question 48

Stress incontinence can be caused from obesity, pregnancy, laughing, running, sneezing, and coughing.

Question 49

UTIs frequently are caused by Escherichia coli from the anal region.

Question 50

What occurs during secretion?

A) Hydrogen, potassium, ammonia, and certain drugs move from the blood into the filtrate.
B) Aldosterone can increase the potassium into the filtrate.
C) Unneeded substances are moved back into the filtrate.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 51

Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited defect.

Question 52

Stress incontinence is also called overactive bladder.

Question 53

What is the etiology of acute cystitis?

A) Inflammation caused from a bacterial infection
B) Inflammation caused from medications and radiation therapy
C) Inflammation caused from long-term catheterization
D) All of the above

Question 54

What are the risk factors for bladder cancer?

A) Family history of bladder cancer
B) Chemical exposure
C) Smoking
D) All of the above

Question 55

Renal calculi may result in hydronephrosis.

Question 56

What is a normal function of the urinary system?

A) Maintains fluid volume and normal composition of body fluids
B) Maintains an adequate blood pressure rate
C) Controls the red blood cell production
D) Activates vitamin D
E) All of the above are functions of the urinary system.

Question 57

Which statement is correct regarding ADH?

A) ADH is a hormone produced in the kidneys.
B) ADH increases the water permeability of the walls of the distal tubules.
C) ADH decreases the urine output.
D) A deficiency of ADH causes diabetes mellitus.

Question 58

What are signs and symptoms of cystitis?

A) Headache and drowsiness
B) Nocturia, dysuria, urgency, and frequency
C) Tingling and numbness in the lower back
D) All of the above

Question 59

Antimuscarinics relax the bladder muscles and decrease bladder contractions.

Question 60

The prostate is part of the urinary system.