Deck 45: Assisting in Microbiology and Immunology

Question 1

Sensitivity testing is used to determine

A) the susceptibility of a microorganism to antiviral treatment.
B) the patient's susceptibility to a particular pathogen.
C) a pathogen's susceptibility to a particular antibiotic.
D) All of the above

Answer 1

a pathogen's susceptibility to a particular antibiotic.

Question 2

In the scientific name Escherichia coli, the name coli indicates the

A) species.
B) genus.
C) shape.
D) B and C.

Answer 2

species.

Question 3

Microscopically, a sputum specimen containing positive AFB appears

A) pink-red.
B) baby blue.
C) purple.
D) green.

Answer 3

pink-red.

Question 4

An organism that is unlikely to be transmitted by sexual contact is

A) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
B) Treponema pallidum.
C) Chlamydia trachomatis.
D) Clostridium botulinum.

Question 5

The prefix staphylo- means that bacteria appear

A) in coiled springs.
B) rod shaped.
C) in grapelike clusters.
D) in pairs.

Question 6

The Gram reaction a bacterium exhibits are the result of its

A) cell membrane sugar content.
B) chemical makeup of the cell wall.
C) gelatinous capsule.
D) waxlike cell wall lipids.

Question 7

A tiny, gram-negative organisms transmitted by blood-sucking insects.

A) Rickettsiae
B) Chlamydiae
C) Herpes simplex organisms
D) Ascaris organisms

Question 8

An organism that is flexible as far as its oxygen requirements are concerned is called a(n)

A) aerobe.
B) anaerobe.
C) facultative aerobe.
D) facultative anaerobe.

Question 9

The microbiology laboratory report for Mrs. Wallace's urine culture lists eight antibiotics, five of which are followed by the letter "S." This means that these antibiotics

A) should be avoided when treating the infection.
B) should be considered when treating the infection.
C) are likely to cause sensitivity or allergy in the patient.
D) should be retested with a more sensitive method.

Question 10

Tightly coiled, spiral-shaped bacteria are called

A) spirilla.
B) sarcinae.
C) spirochetes.
D) streptobacilli.

Question 11

Microscopically, a gram-negative bacterium appears as

A) purple spheres.
B) purple rods.
C) pink (red) spheres.
D) pink (red) rods.

Question 12

Diagnosis of a helminth infection requires a

A) stool sample for culture on differential media.
B) stool sample for Ova and Parasite examination.
C) skin biopsy specimen for fluorescent testing.
D) blood sample for tissue culture.

Question 13

Beta hemolysis

A) is best detected on a sheep's blood medium.
B) is caused by hemolysis of blood cells.
C) refers to a clear zone around bacterial colonies growing on a sheep's blood medium.
D) All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following infections is caused by a fungus?

A) Pneumocystis pneumonia
B) Pyloric ulcers
C) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
D) Toxic shock syndrome

Question 15

Which of the following is true about gonorrhea?

A) Gram-negative cocci found in pairs
B) Gram-positive cocci in clusters
C) Gram-positive cocci in chains
D) Gram-negative spirilla

Question 16

Most pathogenic organisms remain viable at temperatures of ____ $\degree$ C.

A) 37° C
B) 0° C
C) 25° C
D) All of the above

Question 17

An organism that is unlikely to be transmitted by airborne droplets is

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae.
B) Legionella pneumophila.
C) Neisseria meningitidis.
D) Treponema pallidum.

Question 18

An anaerobic organism is most likely to be isolated from a(n)

A) abscess.
B) sputum.
C) skin scraping.
D) throat.

Question 19

Which color indicates gram-positive bacteria?

A) Pink
B) Purple
C) Blue
D) Green

Question 20

Which are not considered microorganisms?

A) Bacteria
B) Fungi
C) Rickettsiae
D) All the choices are microorganisms.

Question 21

A urinary tract infection can be diagnosed if an organism isolated from a CCMS urine specimen is found in pure culture and is present in a quantity greater than

A) 10 cfu/mL of urine.
B) 100 cfu/mL of urine.
C) 10,000 cfu/mL of urine.
D) 100,000 cfu/mL of urine.

Question 22

Which of the following cfu results would indicate a UTI is likely?

A) <10,000 cfu/mL of urine
B) 10,000 to 100,000 cfu/mL of urine
C) 100,000 cfu/mL of urine
D) None of the above

Question 23

Members of a class of invertebrate animals that include insects, crustaceans, and arachnids.

A) Arthropod
B) Parasite
C) Helminth
D) Bacteria

Question 24

Which of the following will need a blood sample for diagnosis?

A) Salmonella
B) Tetanus
C) Strep throat
D) All of the above

Question 25

When writing the name of a microorganism, which of the following rules applies to the genus?

A) Begins with a capital letter
B) Begins with a lowercase letter
C) May be represented by a single letter
D) Both A and C

Question 26

Which of the following tests is performed in the serology laboratory?

A) Direct immunologic urine pregnancy test
B) Indirect immunologic tests
C) Strep test
D) Influenza test

Question 27

The term which means "in glass" or "in the laboratory" because it is not occurring in a living body.

A) Extracellular
B) Intracellular
C) In vivo
D) In vitro

Question 28

Which of the following CLIA-waived serology tests can be performed by a medical assistant to detect antibodies to a specific pathogen?

A) Infectious mononucleosis
B) Helicobacter pylori
C) Lyme disease
D) HIV
E) All of the above

Question 29

Bacterial endospores allow a microorganism to survive harsh environments.

Question 30

Molecules that are needed for metabolism, examples include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

A) Yeast
B) Mordant
C) Macromolecules
D) Extract

Question 31

Bacteria are classified as

A) prokaryote.
B) protozoa.
C) eukaryote.
D) parasite.

Question 32

Specific structures inside a cell that perform cellular functions.

A) Cell wall
B) Organelles
C) Cell membrane
D) Macromolecules

Question 33

Gram-negative bacteria will stain what color?

A) Blue/violet
B) Pinkish-red
C) Do not stain well with Gram's stain
D) Pink

Question 34

The rapid detection test that assists in the diagnosis of stomach ulcers detects

A) Clostridium perfringens.
B) Escherichia coli.
C) Helicobacter pylori.
D) Streptococcus pyogenes.

Question 35

Which of the following pathogenic organisms can be identified in sputum samples?

A) Pathogenic fungi
B) Pathogenic mycoplasma
C) Pathogenic bacteria
D) All of the above

Question 36

Fungi are classified as

A) prokaryote.
B) protozoa.
C) eukaryote.
D) parasite.

Question 37

A cellulose tape test for pinworms requires

A) a thin specimen of stool to be spread on cellulose tape to immobilize the worms.
B) a length of cellulose tape to be touched against the anal folds to collect worms.
C) temporarily taping the anus closed to trap the worms.
D) a microscope to view the eggs that have adhered to a length of cellulose tape.
E) B and D

Question 38

Referring to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, which of the following labels would indicate that the antibiotic is effective against the organism in that particular concentration in vitro?

A) S
B) R
C) I
D) None of the above

Question 39

When bacteria are found in grapelike clusters, which of the following prefixes is used?

A) Strepto-
B) Diplo-
C) Staphylo-
D) Tetrads

Question 40

The growth of only one microorganism on a nutrient surface or culture is the definition for which of the following terms or phrases?

A) Subcultured
B) Pure culture
C) Streaked for isolation
D) Hemolysis

Question 41

The Epstein-Barr virus causes mononucleosis.

Question 42

Legionnaires' disease is caused by a gram-positive bacillus that causes a particular type of pneumonia.

Question 43

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the organism that causes tuberculosis and also is an anaerobe.

Question 44

Tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the feet.

Question 45

The physician would order a stool culture to confirm staphylococcal food poisoning.

Question 46

A chlamydia specimen must be transported to the laboratory on ice immediately after collection.

Question 47

Negative rapid strep test results must be confirmed with a throat culture, because the rapid strep test is highly specific but not highly sensitive.

Question 48

Malaria is diagnosed from a stained blood sample that is examined under the microscope for the protozoal parasite.

Question 49

Most pathogenic organisms prefer temperatures around 37 $\degree$ C and remain viable for up to 72 hours if held at room temperature or refrigerator temperature.

Question 50

A gram-positive cell has a thick layer of peptidoglycan with no lipid layer surrounding it.

Question 51

Tetanus is caused by a spore-forming, anaerobic bacillus that is most likely to be seen in deep wounds.

Question 52

Specimens should be collected during the acute phase of an illness and 24 hours after antibiotics are prescribed.

Question 53

Mycoplasmas have more PG in their cell walls than any other pathogen.

Question 54

A stool for O&P is used to diagnose both amebic dysentery and giardiasis.

Question 55

Cultures for gonorrhea should be kept at room temperature.