Deck 28: Infection Control

Question 1

Items contaminated with any of the following potentially infectious materials require special handling

A) body fluid visibly contaminated with blood.
B) vaginal and seminal secretions.
C) wound drainage.
D) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

The key to reducing the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is to

A) prescribe antibiotics for all cases of the flu.
B) order antibiotics for a minimum of 2 days.
C) limit the use of antibiotics to one that is specific to the pathogen.
D) All of the above

Answer 2

limit the use of antibiotics to one that is specific to the pathogen.

Question 3

Inflammation mediators that are released at the site of cellular damage perform which of the following functions?

A) Increase blood flow to the site.
B) Increase the permeability of blood vessel walls.
C) Cause more RBCs to be attracted to the site of injury.
D) Both A and B
E) All are correct.

Answer 3

Both A and B

Question 4

Before disposing of a contaminated needle into a sharps container, the medical assistant should

A) carefully recap the needle.
B) bend the needle so it cannot be used again.
C) disconnect the needle from the syringe.
D) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following procedures is appropriate for preparing blood and other potentially infectious materials for transport?

A) Decontaminating the hazardous waste container
B) Freezing the materials before transport
C) Relabeling containers provided for waste
D) Placing the materials in a leakproof container during collection

Question 6

What are the two important factors in performing an effective hand wash?

A) Friction and running warm water
B) Antibacterial soap and hot water
C) Length of time spent and type of soap
D) Position of the hands and temperature of the water

Question 7

Relapse and remission are seen frequently in what types of infections?

A) Chronic infections
B) Latent infections
C) Infections with rapid onset
D) Infections that cause fever

Question 8

What should not be done when sanitizing an instrument?

A) Wear exam gloves when cleaning sharp instruments.
B) Use a separate work area to avoid cross-contamination.
C) Prevent coagulation of blood on instruments.
D) Separate sharp and blunt instruments.

Question 9

On the basis of your understanding of the chain of infection, what would be the most effective method of controlling the spread of conjunctivitis in a day care center?

A) Conjunctivitis is not contagious.
B) Close the day care center until all children are symptom-free.
C) Sanitize hands thoroughly after each contact with a symptomatic child.
D) Immediately send the child home to prevent the spread of the disease.

Question 10

A 62-year-old patient with shingles is seen in the office. The physician would classify this disease as

A) a chronic infection.
B) the prodromal period of the infection.
C) a latent infection.
D) the acute onset of a varicella infection.

Question 11

Cell-mediated immunity

A) causes destruction of pathogens at the site of infection.
B) results in the production of antibodies.
C) is stimulated by the presence of an antigen.
D) creates immunity to disease.

Question 12

Rosa is responsible for training a new employee in medical aseptic hand washing. Which of the following should Rosa emphasize?

A) Using hot, running water
B) Carefully washing around all rings
C) Using an adequate amount of soap and rubbing in a circular motion around all fingers
D) Carefully drying the hands with a sterile disposable drape

Question 13

Viral infections

A) are treated effectively with antibiotics.
B) include malaria and gonorrhea.
C) are treated with a focus on palliative care.
D) may form spores.

Question 14

What should be done if the eyes are exposed to potentially infectious bodily fluids?

A) Administer antibiotic drops to the eyes as quickly as possible.
B) Flush the eyes with warm water as soon as possible.
C) Have the physician examine the eyes for potential infection.
D) None of the above

Question 15

The safest method to achieve adequate sanitization of instruments is to

A) use an ultrasonic sanitizer bath.
B) wear disposable exam gloves during a procedure.
C) soak sharp and blunt instruments together.
D) All of the above

Question 16

The method that completely destroys microorganisms is

A) disinfection.
B) sterilization.
C) sanitization.
D) boiling.

Question 17

In the normal state, which of the following are free of all living microorganisms?

A) Skin
B) Mouth
C) Certain internal body organs
D) Medical equipment

Question 18

Any disease caused by the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the body falls into the category of

A) hereditary.
B) autoimmune.
C) communicable.
D) infectious.

Question 19

The process used to wash and remove blood and tissue from medical instruments is called

A) asepsis.
B) disinfection.
C) sanitization.
D) sterilization.

Question 20

The immune system response that is identified as humoral immunity is

A) cellular immune reactions.
B) production of antibodies in response to a foreign substance in the body.
C) the inflammatory process.
D) natural protection against disease.

Question 21

What is considered the second link in the chain of infection?

A) Infectious agent
B) Reservoir
C) Susceptible host
D) Portal

Question 22

An example of parenteral administration of a medication is a subcutaneous injection.

Question 23

Which of the following diseases are caused by a virus?

A) Tuberculosis
B) Giardiasis
C) Herpes
D) Pneumonia

Question 24

Alcohol hand rubs, when used properly, are as effective at reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections.

Question 25

An example of a vector is a tick that transmits disease.

Question 26

A germicide is an agent that destroys pathogenic microorganisms.

Question 27

Which of the following terms is associated with the process of killing pathogenic organisms or of rendering them inactive?

A) Sanitization
B) Ultrasonic sanitization
C) Disinfection
D) Sterilization

Question 28

Direct transmission occurs through which of the following?

A) Discharges from an infected person
B) Droplets in the air expelled by coughing
C) Contaminated food or drink
D) Contact with contaminated objects

Question 29

A palliative treatment is designed to cure a particular disease.

Question 30

Employees must provide their own alternative to gloves if they show signs of latex anaphylaxis.

Question 31

Which of the following CDC recommendations is not considered adequate hand hygiene?

A) Wash visibly soiled hands for a minimum of 15 seconds
B) Artificial nails no longer than 1/4 inch
C) Alcohol hand rubs
D) Natural nail tips no longer that 1/4 inch

Question 32

Employers must provide employees with hepatitis B immunizations free of charge within 10 days of the start of employment.

Question 33

Which of the following substances protects nearby cells from viral invasion?

A) Antiviral protein
B) Interferon
C) Intracellular parasites
D) Viral proteins

Question 34

Hands do have to be sanitized even if the healthcare worker conscientiously uses gloves during all possible times of exposure.

Question 35

An antiseptic is an agent that can be used on the skin to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Question 36

Pyemia is a condition marked by infectious microorganisms in the patient's urine.

Question 37

Relapse is the disappearance of the clinical symptoms of disease.

Question 38

What is the first step that should be taken after exposure to contaminated waste?

A) Wash or flush the exposed area
B) Report immediately to the supervisor
C) Receive a medical evaluation
D) File an incident report

Question 39

Interferon is a naturally occurring protein that helps protect cells from viral invasion.

Question 40

Spore structures protect viral cells from immune system action.

Question 41

Healthcare workers who wear artificial fingernails have no greater risk of transmitting infectious diseases as long as they perform adequate hand washing.

Question 42

Reservoir hosts who are unaware of their ability to spread an infectious disease are identified as carriers.

Question 43

HIV is transmitted by blood that splatters onto intact skin or mucous membranes.

Question 44

The CDC recognizes the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers as an adequate replacement for traditional hand washing.

Question 45

A patient who is in remission has a disease but is not showing symptoms at the time.

Question 46

The most effective treatment for viral infections is palliative in nature.

Question 47

If the eyes come in contact with body fluids, continuously flush the eyes with water as soon as possible for a minimum of 5 minutes using an eye wash unit.

Question 48

An antiseptic is used to cleanse the patient's skin before a surgical procedure.

Question 49

If a medical assistant performs medical aseptic hand washing or hand sanitization routinely, he or she does not have to wear disposable gloves when sanitizing contaminated surfaces.

Question 50

If a blood vessel is permeable, it is protected from the transfer of substances from the outside environment.