Deck 2: Anatomy and Pathology Basics

Question 1

Brachi/o is a combining form for the

A) lung.
B) arm.
C) leg.
D) neck.

Answer 1

arm.

Question 2

Bone, blood, and fat are examples of what type of tissue?

A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Muscular
D) Nervous

Answer 2

Connective

Question 3

Hist/o is a combining form for

A) cell.
B) organ.
C) tissue.
D) body system.

Answer 3

tissue.

Question 4

The largest or most important part of an organ is termed the

A) body.
B) lumen.
C) apex.
D) sinus.

Question 5

The structure that is the site of protein formation is the

A) mitochondrion.
B) ribosome.
C) lysosome.
D) nucleus.

Question 6

Which structure in a cell is responsible for conversion of nutrients to energy?

A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondrion
C) Ribosome
D) Cytoplasm

Question 7

The substance that holds organelles within a cell is the

A) cytoplasm.
B) lysosome.
C) mitochondrion.
D) ribosome.

Question 8

What is the term for the area where nerves and vessels enter and exit an organ?

A) Antrum
B) Lumen
C) Vestibule
D) Hilum

Question 9

Cervic/o is a combining form for the

A) abdomen.
B) neck.
C) chest.
D) arm.

Question 10

Myel/o is a combining form for the

A) muscles and spinal cord.
B) bone marrow and spinal cord.
C) muscle and bone marrow.
D) spinal cord and nerves.

Question 11

A small space at the beginning of a canal is the

A) hilum.
B) sinus.
C) vestibule.
D) fornix.

Question 12

Positioning a patient to examine the abdomen would be placing the person in a ____ position.

A) plantar
B) proximal
C) supine
D) prone

Question 13

The pointed extremity of a cone-shaped structure is the

A) apex.
B) fornix.
C) antrum.
D) body.

Question 14

Crur/o is a combining form meaning the

A) knee.
B) back.
C) abdomen.
D) leg.

Question 15

If a stroke on one side of the brain affects the opposite side, you would term its effect to be on the ____ side.

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) contralateral
D) ipsilateral

Question 16

Which type of tissue acts as an internal and external covering of the body?

A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Muscular
D) Nervous

Question 17

The internal environment of the body that is compatible with life is

A) catabolism.
B) anabolism.
C) metabolism.
D) homeostasis.

Question 18

Back to front is

A) anteroposterior.
B) posteroanterior.
C) distoproximal.
D) proximodistal.

Question 19

What is the name of the organ part farthest from its opening?

A) Fundus
B) Hilum
C) Fornix
D) Apex

Question 20

The space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube is the

A) sinus.
B) lumen.
C) hilum.
D) vestibule.

Question 21

When a patient came in with numbness of her left arm and left leg, the physician noted that the leg numbness was on the ____ side.

A) contralateral
B) ipsilateral
C) bilateral
D) dextrad

Question 22

A patient lying in a prone position is lying on her

A) belly.
B) back.
C) side.
D) arm.

Question 23

Patients with coronary heart disease have a disorder of their ____ system.

A) respiratory
B) endocrine
C) cardiovascular
D) integumentary

Question 24

The role of the ________ system is to transport materials in the blood throughout the body.

A) respiratory
B) endocrine
C) cardiovascular
D) integumentary

Question 25

A patient with burns on her back has lesions on the ____ aspect of her body.

A) anterior
B) ventral
C) posterior
D) proximal

Question 26

The ________ system produces hormones that circulate in the blood to target tissue that stimulates a particular action.

A) respiratory
B) endocrine
C) cardiovascular
D) integumentary

Question 27

A patient with bilateral pain hurts on

A) one side of her body.
B) both sides of her body.
C) the front of her body.
D) the back of her body.

Question 28

The ________ system's role includes protect and temperature regulation. It includes the skin, subcutaneous tissue, hair, nails, and sense receptors.

A) respiratory
B) gastrointestinal
C) cardiovascular
D) integumentary

Question 29

Which direction describes vessels that carry blood toward an organ?

A) Afferent
B) Efferent
C) Medial
D) Lateral

Question 30

The plane that divides the body horizontally into an upper part and a lower part is the ____ plane.

A) coronal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) sagittal

Question 31

The abdominopelvic region that is inferior to the left lumbar region is the left _____ region.

A) iliac
B) hypogastric
C) hypochondriac
D) inguinal

Question 32

The ____ plane separates the body into equal right and left halves.

A) frontal
B) transverse
C) midsagittal
D) sagittal

Question 33

When John grabbed the handle of a hot pan on his stove, he sustained burns on the ____ surface of his hand.

A) superior
B) palmar
C) plantar
D) pronate

Question 34

The stomach and spleen are located in the _____ quadrant.

A) right upper
B) left upper
C) right lower
D) left lower

Question 35

The abdominopelvic region that is immediately superior to the umbilical region is the _____ region.

A) hypochondriac
B) lumbar
C) epigastric
D) hypogastric

Question 36

The right lobe of the liver is in the _____ quadrant.

A) right upper
B) left upper
C) right lower
D) left lower

Question 37

The abdominopelvic region that is medial to the lumbar regions is the _____ region.

A) hypogastric
B) epigastric
C) umbilical
D) hypochondriac

Question 38

The scrapes on the elbows of the child were described as ____ injuries.

A) supine
B) superficial
C) superior
D) supinate

Question 39

The part of the esophagus that is farthest from its beginning at the throat is the ____ end.

A) dorsal
B) distal
C) dextrad
D) proximal

Question 40

The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections is the ____ plane.

A) coronal
B) frontal
C) transverse
D) sagittal
E) Both A and B

Question 41

This cavity contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea.

A) Cranial cavity
B) Thoracic cavity
C) Pelvic cavity
D) Spinal cavity

Question 42

A neutral pH is ____.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10

Question 43

A dorsal cavity includes the

A) cranial cavity.
B) thoracic cavity.
C) pelvic cavity.
D) spinal cavity.
E) A and D only.

Question 44

What helps to maintain the pH range?

A) Urinary system
B) Chemical buffers
C) Respiratory system
D) All of the above

Question 45

To maintain homeostasis, the body attempts to keep the pH between _______.

A) 5 and 5.2
B) 7.25 and 7.45
C) 7.35 and 7.45
D) 5.35 and 5.55

Question 46

____ can also be called subjective data.

A) Etiology
B) Prevention
C) Signs
D) Symptoms

Question 47

A(n) ______ is a composed of two or more types of tissues and have one or more functions.

A) organism
B) organ
C) body system
D) cell

Question 48

The plural of hilum is

A) hilus.
B) hila.
C) hili.
D) hilae.

Question 49

The urinary bladder is located in the ____ cavity.

A) pelvic
B) thoracic
C) abdominal
D) cranial

Question 50

What is considered the body's first line of defense?

A) Skin
B) Tears and saliva
C) Mucus
D) Stomach acid
E) All of the above

Question 51

What is the structural organization of the body from simple to complex?

A) Tissues, cells, body systems, organisms, and organs
B) Cells, organs, tissues, body systems, and organisms
C) Cells, tissues, organs, body systems, and organisms
D) Tissues, cells, organs, body systems, and organisms

Question 52

____ is how often the disease occurs.

A) Morbidity
B) Mortality
C) Prevalence
D) Incidence

Question 53

___ is the cause of the disorder or the disease.

A) Etiology
B) Sign
C) Symptom
D) Prognosis

Question 54

What is considered predisposing factors for disease?

A) Hereditary factors
B) Age
C) Gender
D) Environmental factors
E) All of the above

Question 55

The combining form for the front is

A) arthr/o.
B) antr/o.
C) anter/o.
D) atri/o.

Question 56

_____ is a group of similar cells from the same source that together carry out a specific function.

A) Organism
B) Organ
C) Body system
D) Tissue

Question 57

The combining form cellul/o means

A) cell.
B) nucleus.
C) cytoplasm.
D) cell membrane.

Question 58

A ____ is a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and is associated with it.

A) disease
B) syndrome
C) disorder
D) prevalence

Question 59

What is a common cause of disease?

A) Genetics
B) Inflammatory processes
C) Immunity
D) Nutritional imbalance
E) All of the above

Question 60

A ___ is something that can be measured or observed by others.

A) etiology
B) sign
C) symptom
D) prognosis

Question 61

___ are the basic units of heredity.

A) Chromosomes
B) Cells
C) Nuclei
D) Genes

Question 62

The _________ starts at the time of exposure to a disease and ends when the signs and symptoms appear.

A) contagious period
B) communicable period
C) isolation period
D) incubation period

Question 63

When a cell is damaged what chemical is released?

A) Histamine
B) Bradykinin
C) Prostaglandins
D) All of the above

Question 64

___ refers to the extent of the cancer, including the size and if it has spread.

A) Undifferentiated
B) Stage
C) Grade
D) Poorly differentiated

Question 65

What is seen with the inflammation process?

A) Erythema
B) Edema
C) Pain
D) Loss of movement
E) All of the above

Question 66

___ refers to how abnormal the malignant cells look.

A) Undifferentiated
B) Stage
C) Grade
D) Poorly differentiated