Deck 10: Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Question 1

Compared with other creatures,our human intelligence is specifically related to the fact that our brains have a much larger

A)limbic system.
B)cerebellum.
C)cerebral cortex.
D)reticular formation.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In humans,which of the following looks like a giant,wrinkled walnut that consists of the two large hemispheres and covers the upper part of the brain?

A)cerebellum
B)cerebral cortex
C)limbic system
D)hippocampus

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The cerebral cortex is divided into eight smaller areas known as

A)reticular formations.
B)amygdalas.
C)lobes.
D)hemispheres.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The spongy tissue of the cerebral cortex that is made up mostly of cell bodies is called

A)white matter.
B)gray matter.
C)the limbic system.
D)the synaptic vesicle.

Question 5

The increased size and wrinkling of the cerebral cortex in higher animals is referred to as

A)cerebralization.
B)hemispherization.
C)corticalization.
D)reticulation.

Question 6

Which part of the brain consists of two large hemispheres,which are divided into smaller areas known as lobes?

A)cerebellum
B)cerebral cortex
C)limbic system
D)reticular formation

Question 7

The cerebral cortex is divided into two

A)reticular formations.
B)fissures.
C)lobes.
D)hemispheres.

Question 8

Regarding brain size and abilities,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)A small positive correlation exists between intelligence and brain size.
B)The brain of lower animals is twisted and folded,while the human brain is smooth..
C)Many parts of the human brain are surprisingly similar to corresponding brain areas in lower animals,such as lizards.
D)Other animals surpass humans in almost every category of strength,speed,and sensory sensitivity.

Question 9

The most obvious difference between the human brain and the brain of a fish would be in the

A)hypothalamus.
B)thalamus.
C)cerebellum.
D)cerebral cortex.

Question 10

Compared to the human brain,the cortex of lower animals

A)is small and smooth.
B)is twisted and folded.
C)is extremely corticalized.
D)contains 90 percent of the neurons in the central nervous system.

Question 11

Regarding the cerebral cortex of humans,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)The cerebral cortex covers most of the brain with a mantle of gray matter.
B)The cerebral cortex is only 10 millimeters thick (one third of an inch).
C)The cerebral cortex contains 70 percent of the neurons in the central nervous system.
D)The cerebral cortex shows corticalization.

Question 12

Although Einstein's brain was of normal overall size,there were parts of his cerebral cortex that had a unique anatomy and were larger than in most other brains.The parts of Einstein's cerebral cortex that were larger were the ones necessary for

A)memory.
B)verbal reasoning.
C)spatial reasoning.
D)auditory comprehension.

Question 13

Which is more important in gauging the intelligence of humans versus other animals?

A)the size of the cerebral cortex
B)the overall size of the entire brain
C)the ratio of brain weight to body weight
D)the overall weight of the entire brain

Question 14

Seventy percent of the neurons in the central nervous system of humans are located in the

A)cerebral cortex.
B)frontal lobe.
C)spinal cord.
D)medulla.

Question 15

"Half­globes" is the literal translation for the

A)frontal lobes.
B)two parts of the amygdala.
C)hemispheres of the brain.
D)corpus callosum.

Question 16

Humans are superior to all other animals in

A)intelligence.
B)sensory sensitivity.
C)speed and strength.
D)all of these skills.

Question 17

Human intelligence and the ability to acquire complex skills are basically a result of

A)responsive sensory organs.
B)great upper-body strength.
C)brain corticalization.
D)superior native instincts.

Question 18

In a comparison of the human brain with other animals,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Whales have the largest brains in overall size.
B)Humans have a larger brain weight to body weight ratio than any other mammal.
C)Many parts of our brain are surprisingly similar to corresponding brain areas in other animals,such as lizards.
D)Compared with other creatures,our brains have a much larger cerebral cortex.

Question 19

The cerebral cortex in humans accounts for what percent of all the neurons in the central nervous system?

A)10 percent
B)40 percent
C)70 percent
D)99 percent

Question 20

The highest functioning and largest brain area found in humans is the

A)cerebral cortex.
B)hypothalamus.
C)limbic system.
D)reticular activation system.

Question 21

Ellie had a right hemisphere stroke.During her rehabilitation period,her family and the hospital staff noticed that she placed all articles on the right side of the dresser and did not notice an article if it was placed on the left side until it was brought to her attention.Even when eating,she tended to eat the food items on the right side of the plate before she even noticed food items on the left side.Ellie was exhibiting

A)aphasia.
B)agnosia.
C)perceptual neglect.
D)spatial neglect.

Question 22

After a "split-brain" operation,most people

A)show severe impairment of language ability.
B)show constant competition between the two hemispheres.
C)function relatively normally,unless submitted to specialized testing.
D)show a change in hand dominance.

Question 23

The surgical procedure of cutting the corpus callosum is done in cases of

A)communication problems.
B)severe epilepsy.
C)injury or stroke.
D)split personality.

Question 24

John has some paralysis and loss of sensation in his right side after a motorcycle accident.It is likely that there is brain damage in the

A)cerebellum.
B)left hemisphere.
C)corpus callosum.
D)right hemisphere.

Question 25

After a "split­brain" operation,conflicts between the actions of the two hemispheres are actually rare because

A)the right hemisphere will always be the dominant hemisphere.
B)the left hemisphere will always be the dominant hemisphere.
C)information still must pass through the hypothalamus before one can respond.
D)both halves of the brain normally have about the same experience at the same time.

Question 26

The right hemisphere is especially adapted for handling perceptual skills,such as drawing a picture or recognizing melodies,while the left hemisphere is especially adapted for the production and understanding of speech.This is known as

A)brain corticalization.
B)spatial lateralization.
C)hemispheric specialization.
D)peripheral localization.

Question 27

If a split-brain subject were given a key (hidden from sight)to feel with his left hand,he

A)could easily name what he had touched.
B)would be unable to describe the object.
C)would be able to point to the key with his right hand.
D)would have to wait for the information transfer to take place before describing it.

Question 28

In order to perform a split-brain operation,which of the following would be severed?

A)pons
B)cerebellum
C)corpus callosum
D)cerebral cortex

Question 29

The most likely consequence of a split-brain operation is a patient

A)whose actions are in continual conflict.
B)with sharply diminished intellectual capacity.
C)who acts normally in most situations.
D)with a schizophrenic personality.

Question 30

The corpus callosum is a thick band of fibers that connect

A)the hindbrain to the midbrain.
B)the motor cortex to the frontal lobe.
C)hindbrain to the spinal cord.
D)the two cerebral hemispheres.

Question 31

In humans,the left side of the brain mainly controls which part of the body?

A)right side
B)left side
C)lower half
D)upper half

Question 32

In humans,the right side of the brain mainly controls which part of the body?

A)right side
B)left side
C)lower half
D)upper half

Question 33

Velishea has severe epileptic seizures that cannot be controlled by medication.Therefore,her doctor suggests that a surgery might help.The surgery would involve

A)cutting the corpus callosum.
B)removing the hippocampus.
C)stimulating the brain's pleasure centers.
D)severing the connection between the prefrontal lobe and the hypothalamus.

Question 34

An important outcome of Sperry's split-brain research was

A)an understanding of hemispheric specialization.
B)a procedure for treating schizophrenia.
C)insight into the relationships between the central and peripheral nervous systems.
D)a technique for training enhanced creativity.

Question 35

A person exhibiting spatial neglect will have difficulty

A)making speech sounds.
B)understanding speech.
C)moving their right leg and arm.
D)attending to one side of their visual field.

Question 36

Which of the following scientists won a Nobel Prize in 1981 for his discovery that the right and left brain hemispheres perform differently on tests of language,perception,music,and other capacities?

A)Richard J.Haier
B)Roger Sperry
C)Paul Broca
D)John Dewey

Question 37

We flash a picture of a tree to the right brain of a split-brain patient and a picture of a dog to his left brain.If we ask the split-brain patient to draw what he saw using his left hand (out of sight),he will

A)draw a dog.
B)draw a tree.
C)draw both a dog and a tree.
D)be unable to draw either picture.

Question 38

A person exhibiting spatial neglect for their left visual field most likely has had damage to the

A)right hemisphere.
B)left hemisphere.
C)corpus callosum.
D)cerebellum.

Question 39

Regarding the "split­brain" operation,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)After a "split­brain" operation,it is possible to send information to one hemisphere or the other.
B)After a "split­brain" operation,each hemisphere will have its own separate perceptions,concepts,and impulses to act.
C)If a conflict between the two hemispheres arises after the "split­brain" operation,one hemisphere will usually override the other.
D)Most people show a change in hand dominance after a "split­brain" operation.

Question 40

When patients with right-hemisphere strokes ignore the left side of their visual space or refuse to acknowledge their paralyzed left arms,they are exhibiting

A)aphasia.
B)amnesia.
C)spatial neglect.
D)agnosia.

Question 41

A circle is flashed to the left brain of a split-brain patient,and he is asked what he saw.The split-brain patient will be

A)able to easily name what he saw.
B)unable to verbally describe the circle.
C)able to point to a picture of a circle with his left hand.
D)unable to draw the circle with his right hand.

Question 42

Sue has recovered from extensive injury to her left cerebral hemisphere and has continued her career with little sign of impairment.Her occupation is most likely

A)graphic artist.
B)accountant.
C)English teacher.
D)sports writer for a newspaper.

Question 43

The most accurate conclusion that can be drawn from research on the brain is that

A)normal people can be taught to use one hemisphere at a time.
B)most people use the right hemisphere more often than the left hemisphere.
C)only creative people can use both hemispheres simultaneously.
D)the activities of both hemispheres of the brain combine to produce most behaviors.

Question 44

In most people,the left hemisphere of the brain is in charge of

A)language.
B)art.
C)pattern recognition.
D)music.

Question 45

Roughly 95 percent of people mainly use which part of the brain for speaking,writing,and reading skills?

A)right cerebral hemisphere
B)cerebellum
C)limbic system
D)left cerebral hemisphere

Question 46

Carrie has experienced brain damage to her left hemisphere.She will most likely experience difficulty with which ability?

A)putting a puzzle together
B)recognizing faces
C)judging time and rhythm
D)understanding sarcasm and irony

Question 47

Which part of the brain is most effective at breaking information into parts and processing this information in order,one item after the next?

A)cerebellum
B)right hemisphere
C)left hemisphere
D)corpus callosum

Question 48

Approximately,what percent of people use their left brain for speaking,writing,and understanding language?

A)10 percent
B)50 percent
C)75 percent
D)95 percent

Question 49

Harriet has lost the ability to recognize faces,and she has also lost the ability to detect the emotions that other people are feeling.You would expect to find damage to her

A)left hemisphere.
B)right hemisphere.
C)midbrain.
D)cerebellum.

Question 50

Sean's skills in computational math and analytic thought are mainly a function of the

A)right hemisphere.
B)left hemisphere.
C)midbrain.
D)limbic system.

Question 51

Which of the following best describes how the left hemisphere deals with information?

A)processes information simultaneously
B)focuses on the small details
C)explores the overall pattern and general connections
D)must use non-verbal responses

Question 52

In most people,the right hemisphere of the brain is in charge of

A)language.
B)logic.
C)art.
D)mathematics.

Question 53

Perceptual skills involved in putting puzzles together or recognizing musical melodies are special skills of the

A)right hemisphere.
B)left hemisphere.
C)midbrain.
D)corpus callosum.

Question 54

The right hemisphere in humans

A)is the major or dominant one in most right-handed persons.
B)controls psychomotor activity on the right side of the body.
C)governs the ability to use language,do math,and engage in analytical acts.
D)is involved in recognizing faces and in the expression of emotion.

Question 55

A patient who has suffered brain damage to the left hemisphere is likely to experience diminished capacity for

A)naming objects.
B)recognizing faces.
C)composing melodies.
D)expressing emotions.

Question 56

If a triangle is flashed to a split brain patient's right brain,he will be able to

A)easily name what he saw.
B)draw the triangle with his right hand.
C)point to a picture of a triangle with his left hand.
D)point and draw the triangle with both of his hands.

Question 57

Which part of the brain is superior at speech,language,math calculation,judging time and rhythm,and coordinating the order of complex movements?

A)left hemisphere
B)right hemisphere
C)limbic system
D)reticular activating system

Question 58

Judging time and rhythm and coordinating the order of complex movements,such as those needed for speech,are special skills of the

A)right hemisphere.
B)left hemisphere.
C)corpus callosum.
D)limbic system.

Question 59

For most people,an injury to which of the following brain areas would result in impairment of speaking,reading,writing,and math calculation abilities?

A)right cerebral hemisphere
B)cerebellum
C)limbic system
D)left cerebral hemisphere

Question 60

The left hemisphere proccesses information

A)simultaneously.
B)sequentially.
C)holistically.
D)through general connections.

Question 61

Regarding dexterity,there is a greater portion of motor cortex devoted to the

A)hands and fingers.
B)feet and toes.
C)legs.
D)arms.

Question 62

While Italian researchers were recording the activity of a single neuron in the motor cortex of a monkey,they noticed that this neuron responded the same way whether the monkey was actually performing the motor task or just observing a reseacher performing the task.This observation led to the discovery of the

A)amygdala.
B)effector cell.
C)mirror neuron.
D)neurilemma.

Question 63

Voluntary muscle movement originates in the primary motor cortex,which is located in the lobes.

A)parietal
B)temporal
C)frontal
D)occipital

Question 64

A researcher wishes to place electrodes in the brain so that existing motor activity can be used to control an artificial hand designed for amputees.The researcher should place the electrodes in the

A)temporal lobe.
B)limbic system.
C)frontal lobe.
D)midbrain.

Question 65

After having a stroke,Rich can speak and understand what has been said to him,but he now has great difficulty understanding the context in which something is said.Rich also misunderstands sarcasm and jokes.Rich has most likely suffered a stroke to

A)the left hemisphere.
B)the right hemisphere.
C)Broca's area.
D)Wernicke's area.

Question 66

Which of the following parts of the body would have the largest area represented on the motor area wth regards to dexterity?

A)shoulder
B)feet
C)torso
D)hand

Question 67

An arch of tissue called the primary motor area directs the body's muscles and is located at the rear of which lobes of the brain?

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 68

Drawings that represent the areas taken up by the various body parts on the motor cortex appear distorted because they are based on which of the following aspects regarding these body parts?

A)their relative size
B)their tactile sensitivity
C)their evolutionary origin
D)their dexterity

Question 69

Due to neuroplasticity,violin,viola,and cello players have a larger proportion of which of the following areas devoted to their hands?

A)association cortex
B)primary motor cortex
C)reticular formation
D)limbic system

Question 70

Which part of the brain sees the world from a wide-angle view and is particularly effective at assembling pieces of the world into a coherent picture by seeing overall patterns and general connections?

A)cerebellum
B)right hemisphere
C)left hemisphere
D)corpus callosum

Question 71

Which of the following best describes how the right hemisphere deals with information?

A)processes information sequentially
B)focuses on the small details
C)explores the overall pattern and general connections
D)coordinates the order and sequencing of complex movements

Question 72

Neuroscientists speculate that newborn humans (and monkeys)are able to imitate others because networks of specific types of neurons are activated when an infant watches someone perform an action with this same network being used to perform that action.These specific types of neurons are called neurons.

A)effector
B)sensory
C)reflector
D)mirror

Question 73

Sam has experienced brain damage to his right hemisphere.He will most likely experience difficulty with which ability?

A)math calculation
B)expressing emotions
C)judging time and rhythm
D)ordering of complex movements

Question 74

Which of the following are located in the motor cortex and are active when we perform an action or when we merely observe one?

A)pons
B)mirror neurons
C)neurogenetic nodes
D)neurilemmas

Question 75

Which of the following are defined by large fissures on the surface of the cortex or are regarded as separate areas because of their function?

A)the limbic systems
B)the lobes
C)the ventromedial chisms
D)the saltatory connections

Question 76

Which of the following brain areas was most likely damaged if a person loses his or her ability to understand jokes,irony,sarcasm,and the overall context in which something is said?

A)left hemisphere
B)right hemisphere
C)amygdala
D)corpus callosum

Question 77

Successfully negotiating a maze,sculpting pottery,or painting a watercolor is a function of the

A)corpus callosum.
B)left hemisphere.
C)right hemisphere.
D)temporal lobe.

Question 78

Which lobes of the brain are associated with motor movements as well as higher mental abilities,such as one's sense of self?

A)frontal
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)occipital

Question 79

The right hemisphere processes information

A)simultaneously.
B)sequentially.
C)by specific details.
D)analytically.

Question 80

The action of which of the following may explain how we can intuitively understand the behavior of others and may also underlie our ability to learn new skills by imitating others?

A)pons
B)neurogenetic nodes
C)mirror neurons
D)neurilemmas