Deck 36: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Bronchiolitis or Pneumonitis

Question 1

Several small children who attend the same day care facility have become sick with RSV. The owner of the day care can expect them to recover within:

A) 4 to 6 days.
B)3 to 8 days.
C)1 to 2 weeks.
D)greater than 3 weeks.

Answer 1

1 to 2 weeks.

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics would make an adult at increased risk for a severe case of RSV?
1) Compromised immune system
2) History of asthma
3) Under 30 years of age
4) More than 65 years of age

A)1, 4
B)2, 3
C)1, 2, 3
D)1, 2, 4

Answer 2

1, 4

Question 3

The physician is considering giving a neonatal patient the drug ribavirin (Virazole) for her RSV infection. What other clinical data are important to consider in making this decision?
1) The need for mechanical ventilation
2) Preexisting congenital heart disease
3) Preexisting lung disease
4) The need for immunosuppression

A)1
B)2, 3
C)2, 3, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Answer 3

1, 2, 3, 4

Question 4

What can be given to a premature baby in order to prevent an RSV infection?

A) An inhaled corticosteroid agent
B)Ribavirin (Virazole)
C)Palivizumab (Synagis)
D)A sympathomimetic agent

Question 5

An infant with RSV will show what clinical manifestations associated with the more negative intrapleural pressures needed during inspiration?
1) See-saw breathing movement
2) Breath sounds reveal pleural friction rub
3) Inspiratory stridor
4) Cyanosis of the dependent abdominal areas

A)2, 4
B)1, 4
C)1, 3, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 6

A chest radiograph was taken of your patient with RSV. What finding can be expected?

A) Elevated diaphragms
B)"Steeple point" sign
C)Lobar atelectasis
D)Pneumothorax

Question 7

Outbreaks of RSV are usually found in all of the following seasons of the year, EXCEPT:

A) spring.
B)summer.
C)fall.
D)winter.

Question 8

A respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection will cause the following anatomic alterations of the lungs:
1) chemical pneumonitis of the small airways.
2) peribronchiolar mononuclear infiltration.
3) small airway epithelial necrosis.
4) edema of the epiglottis and upper airway.

A)1, 4
B)2, 3
C)1, 2, 3
D)2, 3, 4

Question 9

Which of the following are major pathologic or structural changes associated with RSV?
1) Dilation and distortion of the airways
2) Inflammation of the peripheral airways
3) Alveolar hyperinflation
4) Pulmonary edema

A)1, 4
B)2, 3
C)2, 3, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 10

Your patient with RSV is hypoxemic. What could cause this?
1) Atelectasis
2) Excessive airway fluid
3) Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)
4) Consolidation

A)1, 2
B)3, 4
C)1, 2, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 11

Anatomic alterations related to an RSV infection can lead to all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) pneumomediastinum.
B)partial airway obstruction.
C)decreased airway lumen.
D)complete airway obstruction.

Question 12

Wheezing breath sounds are detected in your patient. What agent(s) would be initially used to help cause smooth muscle relaxation?
1) Inhaled sympathomimetic
2) Systemic corticosteroid
3) Inhaled parasympatholytic
4) Systemic decongestant

A)1
B)2, 4
C)1, 3
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 13

During the early stages of RSV in a young child, what respiratory rate is commonly found?

A) Under 30/min
B)Between 30 and 60/min
C)well over 60/min
D)rapid, then up to a 10-second period of apnea

Question 14

Which of the following patients is least likely to experience a severe RSV infection?

A) A 6-month old recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis
B)A 3-month old born who was born prematurely
C)A 2-year old undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia
D)A 3-year old with no siblings

Question 15

The physical examination of a neonate with RSV will often reveal all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) change in point of maximum impulse (PMI).
B)copious secretions.
C)expiratory grunting.
D)cyanosis.