Deck 4: Infectious Diseases

Question 1

Which of the following statements is not true about syphilis?

A)Dark-field examination may be used to diagnose syphilitic lesions on the skin.
B)Syphilis is generally treated with penicillin.
C)The VDRL and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) tests are commonly used to confirm the diagnosis of syphilis.
D)The antibody titer increases if treatment has been successful.

Answer 1

The antibody titer increases if treatment has been successful.

Question 2

Congenital syphilis may cause a specific form of enamel hypoplasia called:

A)mottling.
B)mulberry molars.
C)Turner tooth.
D)pitting of teeth.

Answer 2

mulberry molars.

Question 3

The gingivae shown are painful and erythematous. The interdental papillae appear as punched-out, necrotic, cratering areas. The overall sloughing of the necrotic tissue appears as a pseudomembrane over the tissues. The patient experiences a foul odor and metallic taste. On the basis of these features, you suspect that this patient has:

A)acute marginal gingivitis.
B)primary herpes simplex infection.
C)necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
D)pseudomembranous candidiasis.

Answer 3

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.

Question 4

Pericoronitis is most often associated with the:

A)maxillary canines.
B)mandibular third molars.
C)maxillary second molars.
D)mandibular first molars.

Question 5

Which disease is caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum?

A)Tuberculosis
B)Actinomycosis
C)Syphilis
D)Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true concerning a positive reaction to the PPD skin test?

A)The patient has active tuberculosis.
B)The patient is contagious.
C)The patient has been infected previously with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
D)The patient is in need of hospitalization.

Question 7

Candidiasis is the result of an overgrowth of a:

A)yeastlike fungus.
B)spirochete.
C)filamentous bacterium.
D)fusiform bacillus.

Question 8

The most common type of candidiasis affecting the oral mucosa is the _____ type.

A)pseudomembranous
B)erythematous
C)chronic atrophic
D)chronic hyperplastic

Question 9

The most common site(s) for oral lesions in tuberculosis is(are) the:

A)tongue and palate.
B)gingiva.
C)floor of the mouth and mucobuccal folds.
D)uvula and fauces.

Question 10

Which one of the following does not occur in impetigo?

A)Itching
B)Pruritus
C)Regional lymphadenopathy
D)Fever

Question 11

Which one of the following is associated with scarlet fever?

A)Black hairy tongue
B)Median rhomboid glossitis
C)Scrofula
D)Strawberry tongue

Question 12

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis are caused by group A ß-hemolytic streptococci. These conditions are significant because of their relationship to scarlet fever and rheumatic fever. Which one of the following may be related to heart valve damage?

A)Rheumatic fever
B)Strawberry tongue
C)Scarlet fever
D)Geographic tongue

Question 13

Which of the following is used to treat impetigo?

A)Antiviral medications
B)Topical or systemic antibiotics
C)Corticosteroids
D)Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents

Question 14

The most characteristic form of which of the following diseases is the formation of abscesses that tend to drain from the mandible to the skin by the formation of sinus tracts, with sulfur granules in the pus draining from the sinus tracts?

A)Actinomycosis
B)Tuberculosis
C)Syphilis
D)Impetigo

Question 15

Which of the following is the name of the soft tissue flap that covers the distal-occlusal part of an incompletely erupted third molar?

A)Operculum
B)Gingival flap
C)Pericoronitis
D)Partial eruption flap

Question 16

Acute osteomyelitis of the jaws may commonly result from which of the following conditions?

A)Extension of a periapical abscess
B)Surgery
C)Fracture of the jaw
D)Paget disease

Question 17

Which antigen is injected into the skin to determine exposure and infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

A)HLA-B27
B)PPD
C)VDRL
D)IgE

Question 18

In primary syphilis, the oral lesion is called a(n):

A)mucous patch.
B)chancre.
C)gumma.
D)ulcer.

Question 19

Involvement and enlargement of the submandibular and cervical lymph nodes in tuberculosis is called:

A)miliary tuberculosis.
B)lymphadenopathy.
C)scrofula.
D)angioedema.

Question 20

Which of the following conditions does not contribute to the overgrowth of Candida albicans?

A)Antibiotic therapy
B)Dentures
C)Cancer chemotherapy
D)Angioedema

Question 21

Which of the following types of medication is used for the treatment of herpes zoster?

A)Antibiotics
B)Antiviral medications
C)Supportive therapy only, no drug therapy
D)Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Question 22

Which of the following viruses is associated with infectious mononucleosis?

A)Herpes simplex virus
B)Human papillomavirus
C)Epstein-Barr virus
D)Varicella-zoster virus

Question 23

The stage between the infection of an individual by a pathogen and the manifestation of the disease it causes is referred to as:

A)opportunistic infection.
B)incubation period.
C)subclinical infection.
D)paresthesia.

Question 24

The intraoral lesion seen in patients with measles is:

A)minor salivary gland swelling.
B)generalized painful gingivitis.
C)Koplik spots.
D)candidiasis.

Question 25

Deep fungal infections include all of the following except:

A)histoplasmosis.
B)coccidioidomycosis.
C)blastomycosis.
D)actinomycosis.

Question 26

In HIV infection, which of the following tests identifies the viral titer rather than circulating antibody?

A)VDRL
B)ELISA
C)Western blot
D)PCR

Question 27

The patient is HIV seropositive. The most common intraoral locations for this type of lesion are the gingiva and palate. When diagnosed, this vascular lesion meets the criteria for the diagnosis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). What is the name of the vascular lesion that is seen in this image?

A)Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
B)Kaposi sarcoma
C)Thrombocytopenia
D)Hemangioma

Question 28

In herpes labialis, the amount of virus present is highest in the _____ stage.

A)crusted
B)prodromal
C)vesicle
D)healing

Question 29

Another name for verruca vulgaris is:

A)condyloma acuminatum.
B)common wart.
C)Heck disease.
D)focal epithelial hyperplasia.

Question 30

The image shows an oral condyloma acuminatum presenting in a child. The presence of condyloma acuminatum in a child suggests:

A)hypersensitivity.
B)genetic predisposition.
C)sexual abuse.
D)autoimmune disease.

Question 31

The most common form of recurrent herpes simplex infection is called:

A)herpes zoster.
B)herpetic whitlow.
C)herpes labialis.
D)type 2 herpes.

Question 32

The varicella-zoster virus causes a highly contagious disease in children called:

A)shingles.
B)chickenpox.
C)mumps.
D)measles.

Question 33

This lesion in the commissure is most likely caused by Candida albicans or a nutritional deficiency and is called:

A)pseudomembranous candidiasis.
B)angular cheilitis.
C)chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.
D)chronic atrophic candidiasis.

Question 34

Herpangina is caused by which virus?

A)Herpes simplex virus
B)Epstein-Barr virus
C)Varicella-zoster virus
D)Coxsackievirus

Question 35

The initial infection and signs and symptoms of deep fungal infections, including histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and blastomycosis, are usually related to disease in which of the following locations?

A)Lung
B)Kidney
C)Lymph nodes
D)Nasal cavity

Question 36

The lesions seen in this illustration are not commonly found in HIV-infected patients. Which of the following are they most likely to be?

A)Candidiasis
B)Hairy leukoplakia
C)Herpes simplex
D)Heck disease

Question 37

Verruca vulgaris closely resembles a papillary benign tumor of squamous epithelium called:

A)fibroma.
B)papilloma.
C)lipoma.
D)Heck disease.

Question 38

Which one of the following does not occur as a manifestation of the immune deficiency caused by HIV infection?

A)Candidiasis
B)Hairy leukoplakia
C)Kaposi sarcoma
D)Bilateral parotid atrophy

Question 39

The most reliable method of diagnosis for this condition of the tongue is the isolation of the Epstein-Barr virus. This condition is:

A)white hairy tongue.
B)hairy leukoplakia.
C)mononucleosis.
D)Kaposi sarcoma.

Question 40

In testing for HIV infection, which of the following antibody tests is performed initially before the confirmatory Western blot test?

A)VDRL
B)ELISA (EIA)
C)FTA-ABS
D)CBC

Question 41

For each disorder listed below, select the most closely linked clinical appearance from the list provided.

Vesicles on the soft palate along with fever, malaise, sore throat, dysphagia, and erythematous pharyngitis

A)Herpangina
B)Measles
C)Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
D)Hairy leukoplakia
E)Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
F)Mumps

Question 42

Focal epithelial hyperplasia, characterized by the presence of multiple whitish-to-pale pink nodules distributed throughout the oral mucosa, is also called:

A)osteomyelitis.
B)lymphadenopathy.
C)Heck disease.
D)angioedema.

Question 43

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

Pink, papillary lesion(s), more diffuse than papilloma

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 44

The vesicle cluster visible on the corner of this patient's vermilion border is also referred to as a cold sore or fever blister. This is called:

A)herpes labialis.
B)primary herpes.
C)aphthous ulcer.
D)herpetic whitlow.

Question 45

Opportunistic infections can occur because the oral microflora is affected by changes such as a decrease in salivary flow, immune system alterations, or antibiotic administration.

A)Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
B)Both the statement and reason are correct but not related.
C)The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D)The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E)Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 46

The type of cell of the immune system that HIV infects that is important in cell-mediated immunity and in regulating the immune response is which of the following?

A)VDRL
B)CD4⁺ T-helper lymphocytes
C)Group A $\beta$ -hemolytic streptococci
D)Tzanck cells

Question 47

The unilateral eruption of vesicles along the distribution of a sensory nerve seen in this adult patient is characteristic of:

A)recurrent intraoral herpes simplex.
B)minor aphthous ulcers.
C)varicella-zoster or chickenpox.
D)herpes zoster or shingles.

Question 48

A vaccine is available to prevent which of the following infections?

A)Herpes labialis
B)Epstein-Barr
C)Varicella-zoster
D)Coxsackievirus

Question 49

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

Primary (chancre), secondary (mucous patch), tertiary (gumma)

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 50

Each of the following benign lesions is caused by the human papillomavirus except one. Which one is the exception?

A)Focal epithelial hyperplasia
B)Condyloma acuminatum
C)Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
D)Verruca vulgaris

Question 51

Histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, and cryptococcosis are all examples of what type of infection?

A)Viral
B)Fungal
C)Developmental
D)Bacterial

Question 52

The lesions seen in this illustration most commonly appear in patients with HIV. What is it?

A)Candidiasis
B)Lymphoma
C)Kaposi sarcoma
D)Aphthous ulcer

Question 53

The type of candidiasis that appears as a white lesion that does not wipe off and does not respond to antifungal therapy is:

A)pseudomembranous.
B)erythematous.
C)chronic atrophic.
D)chronic hyperplastic.

Question 54

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

Multiple tiny vesicles that progress to form painful ulcers

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 55

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis have a significant relationship with scarlet fever and rheumatic fever when caused by certain bacteria. What is the name of these bacteria?

A)Group A $\beta$ -hemolytic streptococci
B)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C)Actinomyces israelii
D)Treponema pallidum

Question 56

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

Vesicles or bullae, more often on skin of face and extremities

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 57

For each disorder listed below, select the most closely linked clinical appearance from the list provided.

Irregular corrugated white lesion most commonly occurring on the lateral border of the tongue

A)Herpangina
B)Measles
C)Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
D)Hairy leukoplakia
E)Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
F)Mumps

Question 58

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

White, papillary exophytic lesion resembling a papilloma

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 59

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

Granulomatous lesions with primary infection to the lungs

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 60

MATCHING
For each clinical appearance listed below, select the most closely linked disorder from the list provided.

Draining abscesses, "sulfur granules"

A)Impetigo
B)Tuberculosis
C)Actinomycosis
D)Syphilis
E)Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
F)Verrucous vulgaris
G)Condyloma acuminatum

Question 61

For each disorder listed below, select the most closely linked clinical appearance from the list provided.

Koplik spots in the oral cavity and skin rash that results from a paramyxovirus

A)Herpangina
B)Measles
C)Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
D)Hairy leukoplakia
E)Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
F)Mumps

Question 62

For each disorder listed below, select the most closely linked clinical appearance from the list provided.

Painful vesicles and ulcers that can occur anywhere in the mouth; present in epidemic form in children younger than 5 years

A)Herpangina
B)Measles
C)Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
D)Hairy leukoplakia
E)Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
F)Mumps

Question 63

For each disorder listed below, select the most closely linked clinical appearance from the list provided.

Epidemic parotitis characterized by bilateral swelling of the parotid glands

A)Herpangina
B)Measles
C)Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
D)Hairy leukoplakia
E)Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
F)Mumps

Question 64

For each disorder listed below, select the most closely linked clinical appearance from the list provided.

Hyperplastic lymphoid tissue of the soft palate or tonsillar pillars appears as yellowish or dark pink nodules

A)Herpangina
B)Measles
C)Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
D)Hairy leukoplakia
E)Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
F)Mumps