Deck 7: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom

Question 1

Food can be cooked by ________ radiation.

A) ultraviolet
B) gamma
C) microwave
D) x-ray
E) radio

Answer 1

microwave

Question 2

A type of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields is called

A) infrared radiation.
B) microwave radiation.
C) magnetism.
D) electricity.
E) electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 2

electromagnetic radiation.

Question 3

When waves of equal amplitude from two sources are out of phase when they interact,it is called

A) destructive interference.
B) diffraction.
C) constructive interference.
D) effusion.
E) amplitude.

Answer 3

destructive interference.

Question 4

Which of the following colors of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

A) blue
B) violet
C) orange
D) green
E) yellow

Question 5

________ is/are used to image bones and internal organs.

A) Ultraviolet light
B) Gamma rays
C) Microwaves
D) X-rays
E) Radio waves

Question 6

A sunburn is caused by overexposure to ________ radiation.

A) ultraviolet
B) gamma
C) microwave
D) x-ray
E) radio

Question 7

________,used to destroy molecules within unwanted cells such as cancer cells,are called ionizing radiation.

A) Beta and gamma rays
B) Alpha and beta rays
C) Microwave and infrared
D) X-rays and gamma rays
E) Visible and microwave

Question 8

The distance between adjacent crests is called

A) wavelength.
B) amplitude.
C) frequency.
D) area.
E) median.

Question 9

When a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit that is comparable in size to its wavelength,it bends around it.This characteristic is called

A) destructive interference.
B) diffraction.
C) constructive interference.
D) effusion.
E) amplitude.

Question 10

Which of the following visible colors of light has the highest frequency?

A) green
B) red
C) blue
D) yellow
E) orange

Question 11

Calculate the wavelength (in nm)of the blue light emitted by a mercury lamp with a frequency of 6.88 × 10¹⁴ Hz.

A) 229 nm
B) 436 nm
C) 206 nm
D) 485 nm
E) 675 nm

Question 12

Calculate the energy of the orange light emitted,per photon,by a neon sign with a frequency of 4.89 × 10¹⁴ Hz.

A) 3.09 × 10^-19 J
B) 6.14 × 10^-19 J
C) 3.24 × 10^-19 J
D) 1.63 × 10^-19 J
E) 5.11 × 10^-19 J

Question 13

The vertical height of a wave is called

A) wavelength.
B) amplitude.
C) frequency.
D) area.
E) median.

Question 14

Which of the following visible colors of light has the longest wavelength?

A) blue
B) green
C) yellow
D) red
E) violet

Question 15

Calculate the frequency of the green light emitted by a hydrogen atom with a wavelength of 486.1 nm.

A) 1.46 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
B) 6.86 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
C) 4.33 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
D) 6.17 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
E) 1.62 × 10¹⁴ s^-1

Question 16

The heat that is felt from a hot object is called ________ radiation.

A) ultraviolet
B) gamma
C) infrared
D) x-ray
E) microwave

Question 17

The number of cycles that pass through a stationary point is called

A) wavelength.
B) amplitude.
C) frequency.
D) area.
E) median.

Question 18

When waves of equal amplitude from two sources are in phase when they interact,it is called

A) destructive interference.
B) diffraction.
C) constructive interference.
D) effusion.
E) amplitude.

Question 19

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

A) yellow
B) blue
C) orange
D) green
E) purple

Question 20

Calculate the energy of the green light emitted,per photon,by a mercury lamp with a frequency of 5.49 × 10¹⁴ Hz.

A) 2.75 × 10^-19 J
B) 3.64 × 10^-19 J
C) 5.46 × 10^-19 J
D) 1.83 × 10^-19 J
E) 4.68 × 10^-19 J

Question 21

Determine the longest wavelength of light required to remove an electron from a sample of potassium metal,if the binding energy for an electron in K is 1.76 × 10³ kJ/mol.

A) 147 nm
B) 68.0 nm
C) 113 nm
D) 885 nm
E) 387 nm

Question 22

When an electric current is passed through a tube containing hydrogen,hydrogen atoms absorb some of the electrical energy and reemit it as a ________ color.

A) white
B) yellow
C) violet
D) blue
E) red

Question 23

When an electric current is passed through a tube containing helium,helium atoms absorb some of the electrical energy and reemit it as a ________ color.

A) white
B) yellow
C) violet
D) blue
E) red

Question 24

Identify the color of a flame test for barium.

A) violet
B) red
C) white
D) yellow
E) blue

Question 25

Identify the color of a flame test for lithium.

A) violet
B) red
C) white
D) yellow
E) blue

Question 26

Calculate the energy of the red light emitted by a neon atom with a wavelength of 703.2 nm.

A) 3.54 × 10^-19 J
B) 4.27 × 10^-19 J
C) 2.34 × 10^-19 J
D) 6.45 × 10^-19 J
E) 2.83 × 10^-19 J

Question 27

How many photons are contained in a flash of green light (525 nm)that contains 189 kJ of energy?

A) 5.67 × 10²³ photons
B) 2.01 × 10²⁴ photons
C) 1.25 × 10³¹ photons
D) 4.99 × 10²³ photons
E) 7.99 × 10³⁰ photons

Question 28

What total energy (in kJ)is contained in 1.0 mol of photons,all with a frequency of 2.75 × 10¹⁴ Hz?

A) 182 kJ
B) 219 kJ
C) 457 kJ
D) 326 kJ
E) 110 kJ

Question 29

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) The emission spectrum of a particular element is always the same and can be used to identify the element.
B) Part of the Bohr model proposed that electrons in the hydrogen atom are located in "stationary states" or particular orbits around the nucleus.
C) The uncertainty principle states that we can never know both the exact location and speed of an electron.
D) An orbital is the volume in which we are most likely to find an electron.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 30

Determine the mass of a ball with a wavelength of 3.45 × 10^-34 m and a velocity of 6.55 m/s.

A) 0.293 g
B) 12.6 g
C) 293 g
D) 346 g
E) 3.41 g

Question 31

Calculate the wavelength of an electron (m = 9.11 × 10^-28 g)moving at 3.66 × 10⁶ m/s.

A) 1.99 × 10^-10 m
B) 5.03 × 10^-10 m
C) 1.81 × 10^-10 m
D) 5.52 × 10^-9 m
E) 2.76 × 10^-9 m

Question 32

Determine the velocity of a medicine ball (m = 10.0 kg)with a wavelength of 1.33 × 10^-35 m.

A) 8.81 m/s
B) 12.3 m/s
C) 2.21 m/s
D) 4.98 m/s
E) 6.44 m/s

Question 33

It is possible to determine the ionization energy for hydrogen using the Bohr equation.Calculate the ionization energy for an atom of hydrogen,making the assumption that ionization is the transition from n = 1 to n = ∞.

A) -2.18 × 10^-18 J
B) +2.18 × 10^-18 J
C) +4.59 × 10^-18 J
D) -4.59 × 10^-18 J
E) +4.36 × 10^-18 J

Question 34

Identify the color of a flame test for sodium.

A) violet
B) red
C) white
D) yellow
E) blue

Question 35

When an electric current is passed through a tube containing mercury,mercury atoms absorb some of the electrical energy and reemit it as a ________ color.

A) white
B) yellow
C) violet
D) blue
E) red

Question 36

Calculate the wavelength of a baseball (m = 155 g)moving at 32.5 m/s.

A) 7.60 × 10^-36 m
B) 1.32 × 10^-34 m
C) 2.15 × 10^-32 m
D) 2.68 × 10^-34 m
E) 3.57 × 10^-32 m

Question 37

When an electric current is passed through a tube containing neon,neon atoms absorb some of the electrical energy and reemit it as a ________ color.

A) white
B) yellow
C) violet
D) blue
E) red

Question 38

Determine the shortest frequency of light required to remove an electron from a sample of Ti metal if the binding energy of titanium is 3.14 × 10³ kJ/mol.

A) 7.87 × 10¹⁵ Hz
B) 4.74 × 10¹⁵ Hz
C) 2.11 × 10¹⁵ Hz
D) 1.27 × 10¹⁵ Hz
E) 6.19 × 10¹⁵ Hz

Question 39

Identify the color of a flame test for potassium.

A) violet
B) red
C) white
D) yellow
E) blue

Question 40

Calculate the energy of the violet light emitted by a hydrogen atom with a wavelength of 410.1 nm.

A) 4.85 × 10^-19 J
B) 2.06 × 10^-19 J
C) 1.23 × 10^-19 J
D) 8.13 × 10^-19 J
E) 5.27 x 10^-19 J

Question 41

Determine the end (final)value of n in a hydrogen atom transition,if the electron starts in n = 1 and the atom absorbs a photon of light with an energy of 2.044 × 10^-18 J.

A) 3
B) 4
C) 2
D) 5
E) 6

Question 42

If two electrons in the same atom have the same value of l,they are

A) in the same sublevel, but not necessarily in the same level.
B) in the same level, but different sublevel.
C) in the same orbital.
D) in different levels and in different shaped orbitals.
E) none of the above.

Question 43

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) The principal quantum number (n) describes the shape of an orbital.
B) The angular momentum quantum number (l) describes the the size and energy associated with an orbital.
C) The magnetic quantum number (m_l) describes the orientation of the orbital.
D) An orbital is the path that an electron follows during its movement in an atom.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 44

Calculate the energy change associated with the transition from in the hydrogen atom.

A) +4.89 × 10^-18 J
B) +1.64 × 10^-18 J
C) -6.12 × 10^-18 J
D) +3.55 × 10^-18 J
E) -2.04 × 10^-18 J

Question 45

Determine the energy change associated with the transition from in the hydrogen atom.

A) -2.18 × 10^-19 J
B) +6.54 × 10^-19 J
C) +4.58 × 10^-19 J
D) -1.53 × 10^-19 J
E) +3.76 × 10^-19 J

Question 46

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) We can sometimes know the exact location and speed of an electron at the same time.
B) All orbitals in a given atom are roughly the same size.
C) Since electrons have mass, we must always consider them to have particle properties and never wavelike properties.
D) Atoms are roughly spherical because when all of the different shaped orbitals are overlapped, they take on a spherical shape.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 47

Which of the following quantum numbers describes the shape of an orbital?

A) principal quantum number
B) magnetic quantum number
C) spin quantum number
D) Schrödinger quantum number
E) angular momentum quantum number

Question 48

What are the possible orbitals for n = 3?

A) s, p, d
B) s, p, d, f
C) s
D) s, p

Question 49

Calculate the wavelength of light associated with the transition from n = 1 to n = 3 in the hydrogen atom.

A) 103 nm
B) 155 nm
C) 646 nm
D) 971 nm
E) 136 nm

Question 50

Calculate the frequency of light associated with the transition from n = 2 to n = 3 in the hydrogen atom.

A) 2.19 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
B) 5.59 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
C) 4.57 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
D) 1.79 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
E) 3.28 × 10¹⁴ s^-1

Question 51

Determine the end (final)value of n in a hydrogen atom transition,if the electron starts in and the atom emits a photon of light with a wavelength of 486 nm.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 3
D) 4
E) 2

Question 52

What value of l is represented by a f orbital?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 0
D) 3

Question 53

Which of the following quantum numbers describes the size and energy of an orbital?

A) magnetic quantum number
B) principal quantum number
C) angular momentum quantum number
D) spin quantum number
E) Schrödinger quantum number

Question 54

For n = 3,what are the possible values for l?

A) 0
B) 0, 1
C) 0, 1, 2
D) 0, 1, 2, 3

Question 55

It is possible to determine the ionization energy for hydrogen using the Bohr equation.Calculate the ionization energy (in kJ)for a mole of hydrogen atoms,making the assumption that ionization is the transition from n = 1 to n = ∞.

A) 7.62 × 10³ kJ
B) 2.76 × 10³ kJ
C) 1.31 × 10³ kJ
D) 3.62 × 10³ kJ
E) 5.33 × 10³ kJ

Question 56

What value of l is represented by a d orbital?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 0
D) 3

Question 57

Which of the following quantum numbers describes the orientation of an orbital?

A) magnetic quantum number
B) principal quantum number
C) angular momentum quantum number
D) spin quantum number
E) Schrödinger quantum number

Question 58

Determine the energy change associated with the transition from in the hydrogen atom.

A) +3.03 × 10^-19 J
B) -1.82 × 10^-19 J
C) +5.51 × 10^-19 J
D) -3.03 × 10^-19 J
E) +2.69 × 10^-19 J

Question 59

Determine the end (final)value of n in a hydrogen atom transition,if the electron starts in n = 2 and the atom absorbs a photon of light with a frequency of 4.57 × 10¹⁴ Hz.

A) 3
B) 1
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Question 60

How many different values of l are possible in the third principal level?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 0
E) 4

Question 61

Calculate the wavelength (in nm)of the red light emitted by a neon sign with a frequency of 4.76 × 10¹⁴ Hz.

A) 630 nm
B) 159 nm
C) 476 nm
D) 776 nm
E) 176 nm

Question 62

An FM radio station broadcasts electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 101.2 MHz.The wavelength of this radiation is ________ m.

A) 2.964 × 10⁶
B) 2.964
C) 3.036 × 10¹⁶
D) 3.036 × 10¹⁰
E) 0.3373

Question 63

Identify the orbital.

A) p_z orbital
B) d_xy orbital
C) p_x orbital
D) d_yz orbital
E) p_y orbital

Question 64

Identify the orbital.

A) d orbital
B) d_xy orbital
C) p_x orbital
D) f orbital
E) p_y orbital

Question 65

Which of the following occurs as the wavelength of a photon increases?

A) The frequency decreases.
B) The energy increases.
C) The speed decreases.
D) Planck's constant increases.
E) None of the above occurs as the wavelength of a photon increases.

Question 66

Calculate the frequency of the red light emitted by a neon sign with a wavelength of 680 nm.

A) 2.27 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
B) 3.80 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
C) 4.41 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
D) 5.05 × 10¹⁴ s^-1
E) 3.40 × 10¹⁴ s^-1

Question 67

Identify the orbital.

A) p_z orbital
B) d_xy orbital
C) p_x orbital
D) d_yz orbital
E) p_y orbital

Question 68

Place the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing wavelength. visible light x-rays microwaves

A) x-rays < microwaves < visible light
B) microwaves < visible light < x-rays
C) microwaves < x-rays < visible light
D) visible light < x-rays < microwaves
E) x-rays < visible light < microwaves

Question 69

Identify the orbital.

A) p_z orbital
B) d_xy orbital
C) p_x orbital
D) d_yz orbital
E) p_y orbital

Question 70

Identify the orbital.

A) d orbital
B) d_xy orbital
C) p_x orbital
D) f orbital
E) p_y orbital

Question 71

Identify the color that has a wavelength of 730 nm.

A) blue
B) green
C) red
D) yellow
E) magenta

Question 72

Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 640 nm appears as orange light to the human eye.The frequency of this light is ________ s^-1.

A) 4.688 × 10¹⁴
B) 4.688 × 10⁵
C) 1.920 × 10²
D) 1.920 × 10¹¹
E) 2.133 × 10^-15

Question 73

Place the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing frequency. x-rays radio waves gamma rays

A) radio waves < x-rays < gamma rays
B) gamma rays < x-rays < radio waves
C) radio waves < gamma rays < x-rays
D) gamma rays < radio waves < x-rays
E) x-rays < gamma rays < radio waves

Question 74

Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 745 nm appears as red light to the human eye.The energy of one photon of this light is ________ J.

A) 1.48 × 10^-31
B) 2.67 × 10^-28
C) 2.67 × 10^-19
D) 1.48 × 10^-22
E) 3.75 × 10¹⁸

Question 75

Identify the color that has a wavelength of 545 nm.

A) blue
B) green
C) red
D) yellow
E) violet

Question 76

Identify the color that has a wavelength of 480 nm.

A) blue
B) green
C) red
D) yellow
E) violet

Question 77

Place the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of decreasing energy. visible light radio waves infrared light

A) radio waves > infrared light > visible light
B) visible light > infrared light > radio waves
C) radio waves > visible light > infrared light
D) visible light > radio waves > infrared light
E) infrared light > radio waves > visible light

Question 78

Which of the following occurs as the energy of a photon increases?

A) The frequency decreases.
B) The speed increases.
C) Planck's constant increases.
D) The frequency increases.
E) None of the above occurs as the energy of a photon increases.

Question 79

On the electromagnetic spectrum,visible light is immediately between two other wavelengths.Name them.

A) infrared and gamma ray
B) radio and gamma ray
C) gamma ray and ultraviolet x-ray
D) microwave and ultraviolet x-ray
E) infrared and ultraviolet

Question 80

During a thunderstorm,you see a flash of lightning.Five seconds later,you hear the thunder.How far away is the storm?

A) 1 yard
B) 10 miles
C) 1 mile
D) 6 miles
E) 12 miles