Deck 23: Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Question 1

Determine the number of vertices and faces in the closo-Borane B₇H₇^2-.

A) vertices = 4, faces = 10
B) vertices = 7, faces = 14
C) vertices = 3, faces = 6
D) vertices = 14, faces = 24
E) vertices = 7, faces = 10

Answer 1

vertices = 7, faces = 10

Question 2

Determine the oxidation state of carbon in the carbon monoxide,CO.

A) +2
B) +4
C) +3
D) +6
E) +8

Answer 2

+2

Question 3

Determine the oxidation state of carbon in the ionic carbide,CaC₂.

A) -2
B) +4
C) -1
D) +1
E) -4

Answer 3

-1

Question 4

Determine the number of vertices and faces in the closo-Borane B₁₀H₁₀^2-.

A) vertices = 10, faces = 16
B) vertices = 5, faces = 6
C) vertices = 5, faces = 10
D) vertices = 10, faces = 20
E) vertices = 20, faces = 36

Question 5

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Boron oxide, when added to silicon oxide glass, forms a more heat stable glass called Pyrex.
B) Boron most commonly forms compounds that fulfill the octet rule.
C) Boron forms fairly weak bonds with oxygen, due to their large electronegativity difference.
D) Boron trichloride is an example of a strong Lewis base.
E) None of the above is true.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Each boron nitride unit contains six valence electrons.
B) Carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes are not similar.
C) Boron nitride contains BN units that are isoelectric with carbon.
D) Boron nitrides conduct an electrical current.
E) The size and electronegativity of a carbon atom are not close to the average of those properties for a boron atom and a nitrogen atom.

Question 7

Identify baking powder.

A) lithium bicarbonate
B) sodium bicarbonate and an acid
C) magnesium carbonate and a base
D) magnesium oxide
E) sodium carbonate

Question 8

List the name of powdered form of carbon,which is a component of soot.

A) diamond
B) graphite
C) fullerenes
D) buckyballs
E) carbon black

Question 9

Determine the formula for an aluminosilicate where one fourth of the silicons are replaced by an aluminum atom.The charge is balanced by sodium ions.

A) Na₂(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)
B) Na₂(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)₃
C) Na(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)
D) Na₂(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)₂
E) Na(AlO₂)(SiO₂)₃

Question 10

What is the major detraction from using bituminous coal as an energy source?

A) It has a very low carbon content.
B) It contains a high amount of sulfur, which when burned contributes to acid rain.
C) It has an extremely high surface area which makes it difficult to burn.
D) Bituminous coal is noncrystalline, which gives it a low energy/gram ratio.
E) There are no detractions from using bituminous coal.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Silicon atoms are too large to form pi bonds between them.
B) Silicates are covalent atomic solids that contain silicon and oxygen.
C) Silicon is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust.
D) Silicon is one of the strongest oxidizing agents.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 12

Determine the formula for an aluminosilicate where one half of the silicons are replaced by an aluminum atom.The charge is balanced by magnesium ions.

A) Mg(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)₂
B) Mg₂(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)₂
C) Mg₂(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)
D) Mg₂(AlO₂)(SiO₂)₂
E) Mg(AlO₂)(SiO₂)₂

Question 13

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Coke is composed of charcoal and air.
B) Activated carbon has a low surface area.
C) Heating wood in the absence of air produces charcoal.
D) Carbon monoxide is nontoxic.
E) None of the above is true.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Ionic carbides form between carbon and another high electronegativity element.
B) Carbides are soft materials with low melting points.
C) Metallic carbides are more malleable than the pure metal.
D) Covalent carbides are formed between carbon and a low electronegativity nonmetal.
E) None of the above is true.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Boron is a large component of Earth's crust.
B) Boron is usually found in its elemental state in the Earth's crust.
C) Due to boron's small size and low electronegativity, it behaves as a semimetal instead of a metal.
D) Boron atoms don't typically bond to one another due to its small atomic radius.
E) There are at least 5 allotropes of elemental boron.

Question 16

Determine the oxidation state of phosphorus in P₂O₇⁴⁻.

A) +5
B) +4
C) +3
D) +7
E) +2

Question 17

Identify a nonmetal.

A) P
B) Ca
C) Pd
D) Ni
E) Ge

Question 18

Determine the formula for an aluminosilicate where one third of the silicons are replaced by an aluminum atom.The charge is balanced by potassium ions.

A) K₂(AlO₂)(SiO₂)₂
B) K(AlO₂)(SiO₂)
C) K(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)₂
D) K(AlO₂)(SiO₂)₂
E) K₂(AlO₂)₂(SiO₂)₂

Question 19

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) All silicates are composed of SiO₄ tetrahedra that bond together through an oxygen to form single chains.
B) The fibrous nature of asbestos comes from its silicate sheet structure.
C) In some silicates, ionic bonding between a metal ion and an Si_xO_y^z- ion is what holds the structure together.
D) The flakiness of mica comes from its single silicate chain structure.
E) None of the above is true.

Question 20

Determine the number of vertices and faces in the closo-Borane B₁₂H₁₂^2-.

A) vertices = 12, faces = 24
B) vertices = 12, faces = 20
C) vertices = 8, faces = 16
D) vertices = 6, faces = 8
E) vertices = 8, faces = 12

Question 21

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Ammonium nitrate is a good explosive.
B) Sodium nitrite is used as a meat preservative.
C) NO₂ reacts with water to form nitric acid.
D) Hydrazine is a good reducing agent.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 22

Which of the following is TRUE?

A) Phosphoric acid is used to produce the "fizziness" in soda.
B) Sodium phosphate is an additive in baked goods to give them a longer shelf life.
C) Phosphorus can range in oxidation state from -3 to +5.
D) The phosphorus in the phosphite ion has an oxidation state of - 3
E) None of the above is true.

Question 23

Refer to the table below.Use charge balance to determine the value of x in the pyrosilicate Ba_xSi₂O₇. Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) 1
B) 3
C) 6
D) 4
E) 2

Question 24

Refer to the table below.Use charge balance to determine the value of x in the pyroxene Sr_x(SiO₃)₂. Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) 2
B) 1
C) 4
D) 6
E) 3

Question 25

Identify a superoxide.

A) BaO₂
B) MgO
C) Na₂O₂
D) Li₂O
E) RbO₂

Question 26

Identify a property of fluorine.

A) reacts with glass
B) has weakest X-X bond energy
C) oxidizes other substances quickly
D) reacts with xenon
E) all of the above

Question 27

Write the balanced equation that represents the formation of hydrofluoric acid from the reaction of calcium fluoride with sulfuric acid.

A) CaF₂ + H₂S → CaS + 2 HF
B) CF₄ + 2 H₂S → 4 HF + CS₂
C) CF₄ + 2 H₂SO₄ → 4 HF + CS₂ + CO₂
D) CaF₂ + H₂SO₄ → 2 HF + CaSO₄
E) CaF₂ + H₂SO₃ → CaSO₃ + 2 HF

Question 28

Which of the following are major components of Earth's crust?

A) oxygen and silicon
B) calcium and silicon
C) oxygen and hydrogen
D) oxygen, magnesium and carbon
E) oxygen, hydrogen and carbon

Question 29

Tetraphosphorus decoxide reacts with water to produce phosphoric acid.Write a balanced reaction for this process.

A) P₄O₁₀ + 6 H₂O → 4 H₃PO₄
B) P₂O₅ + 3 H₂O → 2 H₃PO₃
C) P₄ + 3 O_{2 +} 6 H₂O → 4 H₃PO₄
D) P₄O₁₀ + 4 H₂O → 4 H₂PO₃
E) P₄ + 3 O_{2 +} 6 H₂O → 4 H₃PO₃

Question 30

Identify a characteristic of chlorine dioxide.

A) bleaches wood
B) powerful oxidizing agent
C) explosive
D) bleaches flour
E) all of the above

Question 31

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Water and H₂S have the same bond angles.
B) Sulfuric acid is not a pollutant.
C) Sulfur is a stronger oxidizing agent than oxygen.
D) Water is less stable than H₂S.
E) Sulfuric acid is a strong oxidizing agent.

Question 32

Identify a characteristic that natural oxygen does NOT have.

A) odorless
B) colorless
C) pale green liquid
D) diatomic
E) nonpolar

Question 33

Determine the oxidation state of sulfur in S₂O₃^2-.

A) +3
B) +6
C) +2
D) +4
E) 0

Question 34

Refer to the table below.Use charge balance to determine the value of x in the orthosilicate Ba_xSiO₄. Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) 3
B) 1
C) 2
D) 4
E) 6

Question 35

Determine the oxidation state of sulfur in SO₂.

A) +3
B) +6
C) +2
D) +4
E) 0

Question 36

Give the formula of the compound that is in quartz.

A) SiO₄
B) Si₂O₃
C) SiO₃
D) Si₂O₄
E) SiO₂

Question 37

Refer to the table below.Use charge balance to determine the value of x in the phyllosilicate Zn₃(Si₂O₅)₂(OH)_x. Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) 6
B) 4
C) 3
D) 1
E) 2

Question 38

Identify the most reactive element.

A) N
B) H
C) C
D) O
E) F

Question 39

Identify the compound that is formed by volcanos and is a coal pollutant.

A) SO₂
B) H₂SO₃
C) H₂SO₄
D) S₄
E) H₂S

Question 40

Identify the oxygen compound that kills bacteria and is used as a disinfectant.

A) O₃
B) O₂
C) SO₂
D) SO₃
E) NO₂

Question 41

Give the shape of a boron tribromide.

A) trigonal planar
B) tetrahedral
C) T-shaped
D) trigonal bipyramidal
E) octahedral

Question 42

Determine the oxidation state of carbon in the carbonate ion,Na₂CO₃ .

A) +2
B) +4
C) +3
D) -6
E) +8

Question 43

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in H₂O₂?

A) -4
B) +2
C) -3
D) -1
E) +1

Question 44

Give the bond angle of a boron triiodide.

A) 90°
B) 45°
C) 120°
D) 107°
E) 103°

Question 45

Identify the form of carbon that is added to tires to strength the tire and maintain flexibility.

A) carbon black
B) buckyball
C) graphite
D) coal
E) fullerene

Question 46

Refer to the table below.Predict the silicate structure for CaZn(SiO₄). Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) pyrosilicate
B) amphibole
C) orthosilicate
D) phyllosilicate
E) pyroxene

Question 47

Determine the oxidation state of nitrogen in KNO₃ .

A) +1
B) +6
C) -2
D) +4
E) +5

Question 48

Identify the form of carbon that is used for gems.

A) coal
B) charcoal
C) gasoline
D) diamond
E) fullerene

Question 49

Determine the oxidation state of nitrogen in KN₃.

A) +1
B) +3
C) -2
D) -
E) -3

Question 50

Identify the form of coal that has a high carbon content.

A) nanotube
B) graphite
C) anthracite
D) fullerene
E) gasoline

Question 51

Why are phosphate compounds added to detergents?

Question 52

Identify an example of a nitrite.

A) KNO₂
B) NO
C) N₂O
D) NaNO₃
E) NO₄

Question 53

Refer to the table below.Predict the silicate structure for ZnBa₂(Si₂O₇). Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) orthosilicate
B) pyrosilicate
C) pyroxene
D) amphibole
E) phyllosilicate

Question 54

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in Na₂O?

A) -4
B) +2
C) -2
D) -3
E) 0

Question 55

Identify an example of a nitrate.

A) LiN₃
B) NaNO₂
C) NaNO₃
D) NO₂
E) NO

Question 56

Determine the oxidation state of chlorine in ClO^-.

A) 0
B) +1
C) -2
D) -1
E) +2

Question 57

Determine the oxidation state of nitrogen in LiNO₂ .

A) +1
B) -2
C) +5
D) 0
E) +3

Question 58

Identify the compound that smells like a rotten egg.

A) SO
B) H₂SO₂
C) H₂SO₄
D) S₄
E) H₂S

Question 59

Refer to the table below.Use charge balance to determine the value of x in the amphibole Ca₂(OH)₂Zn_x(Si₄O₁₁)₂. Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) 1
B) 4
C) 2
D) 5
E) 3

Question 60

Match the following.

A)Si₂O₅^2-
B)SiO₄^4-
C)Si₄O₁₁^6-
D)Si₂O₇^6-
E)SiO₃^2-
1)orthosilicate
2)pyroxene
3)pyrosilicate
4)amphibole
5)phyllosilicate

Question 61

Refer to the table below.Predict the silicate structure for NaAl(SiO₃)₂. Table 23.2 Types of Silicate Structures

A) phyllosilicate
B) orthosilicate
C) amphibole
D) pyroxene
E) pyrosilicate

Question 63

Draw the Lewis structure for IF₄⁻ and determine the geometry of the ion.

Question 64

Write the balanced reaction that shows the formation of ICl₃ from its elements.

Question 65

Describe the Frasch process for obtaining sulfur.

Question 66

Why are the chemical properties of nitrogen and phosphorus so different when they are in the same family?

Question 67

Describe the major production method for obtaining oxygen.