Deck 29: Drugs Used for Diuresis

Question 1

Which condition warrants the use of acetazolamide (Diamox) as a diuretic?

A) Increased intracranial pressure
B) Increased extravascular fluid pressure
C) Increased intraocular pressure
D) Periorbital edema

Answer 1

Increased intraocular pressure

Question 2

Which medical conditions may contribute to fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.)

A) Hypertension
B) Liver disease
C) Pregnancy
D) Use of corticosteroids
E) Skin disorders

Answer 2

Hypertension
Liver disease
Pregnancy
Use of corticosteroids

Question 3

Which patient assessment would alert the nurse to withhold a loop diuretic?

A) Crackles in the lung bases
B) +2 pitting peripheral edema
C) Serum potassium of 2.6 mEq/L
D) Weight gain of 2 pounds in 2 days

Answer 3

Serum potassium of 2.6 mEq/L

Question 4

The nurse would expect to assess which serum potassium level in a patient who has severe vomiting and diarrhea?

A) Less than 3.5 mEq/L
B) Between 3.5 mEq/L and 4.5 mEq/L
C) Between 4.6 mEq/L and 5 mEq/L
D) Higher than 5.5 mEq/L

Question 5

A patient who has heart failure and difficulty breathing is being admitted. Which physical assessments indicate fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.)

A) Rapid, bounding, irregular pulse rate
B) Clear lung sounds
C) 3+ pitting ankle edema
D) Neck vein engorgement
E) Shortness of breath

Question 6

How soon will diuresis be expected to occur after the nurse has administered 20 mg of furosemide (Lasix) intravenously to a patient with heart failure?

A) As soon as injected
B) Within 10 minutes
C) After 2 hours
D) After 4 hours

Question 7

The nurse has provided patient teaching about potassium-sparing diuretic therapy. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "I will take my medication in the morning."
B) "I will report a weight gain of 2 pounds in 2 days."
C) "I will rise slowly when I get up from a sitting position."
D) "I will use a salt substitute because I limit my salt intake."

Question 8

Which nursing interventions are performed for a patient who is on diuretic therapy? (Select all that apply.)

A) Auscultation of lung sounds
B) Assessment of skin turgor
C) Initiation of electrolyte supplements
D) Positioning techniques
E) Monitoring of intake and output

Question 9

Which individuals are particularly susceptible to the development of electrolyte disturbances during diuretic therapy? (Select all that apply.)

A) History of cardiac disease
B) History of renal disease
C) History of hormonal disorders
D) History of psychiatric illness
E) Massive trauma
F) Serious burns
G) Overhydration

Question 10

Which foods will the nurse recommend for a patient taking loop diuretics?

A) Protein-rich foods such as poultry, whole grains, and fish
B) Fiber-rich foods such as yellow vegetables, nuts, and lentils
C) Potassium-rich foods such as raisins, figs, and bananas
D) Sodium-rich foods such as canned vegetables and processed foods

Question 11

Which premedication assessments are important for the nurse to obtain prior to the initiation of bumetanide (Bumex)? (Select all that apply.)

A) Serum potassium
B) Bowel sounds
C) Lung sounds
D) Orientation level
E) Blood pressure

Question 12

On admission, a patient with a history of cardiac insufficiency complains of shortness of breath. The nurse auscultates the lungs and notes bilateral crackles throughout both fields. In addition, there is bilateral +2 edema of the lower extremities. Which medication does the nurse anticipate that the health care provider will prescribe?

A) Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
B) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
C) Mannitol
D) Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 13

Which medication is a potassium-sparing diuretic?

A) Acetazolamide (Diamox)
B) Spironolactone (Aldactone)
C) Furosemide (Lasix)
D) Bumetanide (Bumex)

Question 14

When teaching a patient who is taking thiazide diuretics, the nurse will encourage the patient to increase the intake of which electrolyte?

A) Calcium
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) Magnesium

Question 15

What would the nurse anticipate if a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed a thiazide diuretic?

A) No change in the antidiabetic regimen
B) Decreased need for antidiabetic medication
C) Increased blood sugar levels
D) Less frequent monitoring of blood sugar level

Question 16

Which signs and symptoms of dehydration may occur secondary to a diuretic? (Select all that apply.)

A) Decreased urine specific gravity
B) Skin remains peaked on turgor assessment
C) Bounding peripheral pulses
D) Neck vein engorgement
E) Soft, sunken eyeballs

Question 17

Which are common signs and symptoms of dehydration? (Select all that apply.)

A) Furrowed tongue
B) Decreased intake and output levels
C) Bounding pulse rate
D) Mental confusion
E) Elastic skin turgor

Question 18

Which medication, if administered with spironolactone (Aldactone), will alert the nurse to assess the patient for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia?

A) Propranolol (Inderal)
B) Captopril (Capoten)
C) Furosemide (Lasix)
D) Ibuprofen (Motrin)