Deck 31: Drugs Used to Treat Lower Respiratory Disease

Question 1

What is the reason for administering potassium iodide to a patient with emphysema?

A) To increase blood iodide levels
B) To decrease mucus viscosity
C) To reduce metabolic needs of the body
D) To decrease bronchial irritation

Answer 1

To decrease mucus viscosity

Question 2

A child has been diagnosed with asthma and the nurse is providing education to the family. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "I will place the stuffed animals in the freezer overnight."
B) "We will confine our dog to the kitchen area."
C) "I should wash bedding in hot water."
D) "A damp cloth should be used when I dust."

Answer 2

"We will confine our dog to the kitchen area."

Question 3

The nurse is teaching a patient with a history of COPD to self-administer tiotropium (Spiriva) by dry powder inhalation. Which information provided by the nurse is accurate?

A) The medication capsules can be used multiple times.
B) Press on the canister while inhaling.
C) Avoid breathing into the mouthpiece.
D) Wash the device with cold water.

Answer 3

Avoid breathing into the mouthpiece.

Question 4

Within minutes of the initiation of a nebulizer treatment with a sympathomimetic bronchodilator, the patient turns on his call light and states that he feels "panicky" and his heart is racing. Which action will the nurse take?

A) Reassure the patient this is expected.
B) Add more diluents to the nebulizer.
C) Administer a sedative.
D) Stop treatment and notify the health care provider.

Question 5

A patient has questions regarding a recently prescribed antitussive agent. Which response by the nurse is the best?

A) "It will eliminate your cough at night."
B) "It will reduce the frequency of your cough."
C) "It should be used in the morning."
D) "It should be taken before sleep."

Question 6

The health care provider in an outpatient clinic has prescribed omalizumab (Xolair) to a patient. Which primary outcome will the nurse teach the patient to expect?

A) Easier expectoration of phlegm
B) Less frequent asthma exacerbations
C) Increased moisture of the mucous membranes
D) Liquefaction of thick secretions

Question 7

From where do the fluids of the respiratory tract originate?

A) Specialized mucous glands called goblet cells
B) Lymph fluid drawn across nasal membranes by osmosis
C) Specialized beta cells in the islets of Langerhans
D) Cells that produce aqueous humor

Question 8

Which statements are true regarding the nursing assessment of a patient with a respiratory disorder? (Select all that apply).

A) Central cyanosis typically is observed on the fingers and earlobes.
B) Clubbing of the fingernails is a sign of hypoxia.
C) As oxygen levels diminish, mental alertness will progressively deteriorate.
D) The normal respiratory rate in an adult is 10 breaths/min.
E) Episodes of apnea are present in Cheyne-Stokes.

Question 9

Premedication assessments before the use of anticholinergic bronchodilating agents should verify that the patient has no history of which condition?

A) Diabetes
B) Hypertension
C) Liver disease
D) Glaucoma

Question 10

What structures in the respiratory tract assist in removing foreign bodies such as smoke and bacteria?

A) Villi
B) Golgi bodies
C) Ciliary hairs
D) Erector pili

Question 11

Which is true about arterial blood gases (ABGs)? (Select all that apply.)

A) They are measured from an arterial sample.
B) They measure partial pressures of carbon dioxide.
C) They measure blood pH.
D) They measure partial pressures of sodium
E) They measure partial pressures of oxygen.

Question 12

A patient is seen in the emergency department. The patient had been maintained on theophylline (Theo-Dur), and a blood sample reveals the serum theophylline level is subtherapeutic. Which may cause a subtherapeutic serum level?

A) Cimetidine use
B) Drug tolerance
C) Smoking
D) Overuse of the inhaler

Question 13

An adult patient is admitted for an asthma attack. Which assessment obtained by the nurse would support that albuterol (Proventil) was effective?

A) Decrease in wheezing present on auscultation
B) Less dyspnea while positioned in a high Fowler's position
C) Sputum production is clear and watery
D) Respiratory rate decreased to 38 breaths/min

Question 14

The nurse is providing nutrition information to a patient diagnosed with a lower respiratory tract disease. What is the rationale for limiting caffeine?

A) Caffeine increases the respiratory rate.
B) Caffeine can result in thicker lung secretions.
C) Caffeine will increase the anxiety response associated with dyspnea.
D) Caffeine can cause bronchospasm.

Question 15

What is the action of zafirlukast (Accolate), a leukotriene receptor antagonist?

A) Dilates the alveolar sacs
B) Decreases leukotriene release
C) Inhibits histamine release
D) Increases viscosity of secretions

Question 16

The nurse is providing instruction about ipratropium (Atrovent) to a patient with COPD. Which is a common adverse effect that tends to resolve with therapy?

A) Anxiety
B) Dry mouth
C) Tachycardia
D) Urine retention

Question 17

What is albuterol (Proventil) used to treat?

A) Acute bronchospasm
B) Acute allergies
C) Nasal congestion
D) Dyspnea on exertion

Question 18

Which physical assessments are pertinent to the patient with asthma? (Select all that apply.)

A) Lung sounds
B) Patient color
C) Respiratory rate and effort
D) PEF
E) Pulse oximetry reading
F) Bowel sounds

Question 19

Which is a common expectorant in over-the-counter medications?

A) Dextromethorphan
B) Diphenhydramine
C) Guaifenesin
D) Codeine

Question 20

The nurse is completing the admission of an older adult patient with a history of COPD whose diagnosis is pneumonia. Which assessments would be most important to include in obtaining the history? (Select all that apply.)

A) Smoking history and exposure to secondhand smoke
B) Current medications
C) Chief complaint and onset of symptoms
D) Support system
E) Home oxygen use
F) Liver function

Question 21

Which principles are included when teaching a patient to use a steroid inhaler? (Select all that apply.)

A) Frequent oral hygiene is necessary.
B) The inhaler should be used on a PRN basis only.
C) Rinse and spit after inhalation of the medication.
D) When taking a steroid drug as well as a bronchodilator, the bronchodilator should be administered first.
E) Hold the breath for 10 seconds during inhalation of the medication.

Question 22

Which statements about ipratropium (Atrovent) are true? (Select all that apply.)

A) It is administered by aerosol inhalation.
B) It relieves nasal congestion.
C) It decreases mucus secretion.
D) It has minimal effect on ciliary activity.
E) It is used for short-term treatment of bronchospasm.
F) It may cause tachycardia or urinary retention.

Question 23

Which statements about acetylcysteine are true? (Select all that apply.)

A) It reduces viscosity of secretions.
B) It treats acetaminophen toxicity.
C) It is stored at room temperature.
D) It is given to improve airway flow.
E) It is odorless.
F) It is administered by inhalation.