Deck 1: Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Question 1

Use the figures below
A) B) C) D) E)

-Which of the above figures represents a $\underline{\text{gaseous element}}$ ?

A) Figure A
B) Figure B
C) Figure C
D) Figure D
E) Figure E

Answer 1

Figure A

Question 2

Which one of the following is most likely to be a $\underline{\text{homogeneous mixture}}$ ?

A) campfire smoke
B) blood
C) filtered air
D) soil
E) plain yogurt

Answer 2

filtered air

Question 3

Which of the following is $\underline{\text{ not }}$ a mixture?

A) ice cream
B) gasoline
C) skim milk
D) strawberry jam
E) baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)

Answer 3

baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)

Question 4

A number of the heaviest elements on the periodic table are named for famous scientists.Element number 106 was most likely named for which famous scientist?

A) Alfred Nobel
B) Marie Curie
C) Albert Einstein
D) Glen Seaborg
E) Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 5

Which one of the following is most likely to be a $\underline{\text{heterogeneous mixture}}$ ?

A) table salt dissolved in water
B) soil
C) antifreeze (a mixture of water and ethylene glycol)
D) sugar water
E) gasoline

Question 6

Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT?
1)Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that retain the element's chemical properties.
2)Substances composed of only one type of atom are classified as elements.
3)Of the 118 known elements,only 48 occur naturally.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 7

Use the pictures below
A) B) C) D) E)

-Which of the above figure represents a $\underline{\text{mixture of two elements}}$ ?

A) Figure A
B) Figure B
C) Figure C
D) Figure D
E) Figure E

Question 8

All of the following statements concerning green chemistry are correct EXCEPT

A) it is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it is formed.
B) synthetic methods should be designed to use and generate substances that possess little or no toxicity to human health or the environment.
C) substances used in a chemical process should be chosen to minimize the potential for chemical accidents.
D) raw materials should be renewable whenever technically and economically practical.
E) chemical syntheses should be done at high enough temperatures to ensure harmful bacteria are destroyed.

Question 9

What is the symbol for the element $\underline{\text{ potassium?}}$

A) K
B) Po
C) Pt
D) Kr
E) P

Question 10

Use the pictures below


-Which of the above figures represents a $\underline{\text{gaseous compound}}$ ?

A) Figure A
B) Figure B
C) Figure C
D) Figure D
E) Figure E

Question 11

Which of the following statements concerning the kinetic-molecular theory of matter is/are CORRECT?
1)Particles in a gas move faster as the temperature increases.
2)Particles in a liquid are packed closely together,but are not confined to specific positions.
3)Particles in a gas vibrate back and forth about an average position.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 12

Which of the following statements concerning the kinetic-molecular theory of matter is/are CORRECT?
1)Particles in a liquid vibrate back and forth about an average position.
2)Particles in a solid are packed closely together,but are not confined to specific positions.
3)Particles in a gas fly about randomly,colliding with themselves and the walls of their container.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 13

What is the name of the element with the symbol B?

A) barium
B) beryllium
C) bismuth
D) boron
E) bromine

Question 14

What is the correct symbol for potassium?

A) P
B) Pm
C) K
D) Pt
E) Po

Question 15

A $\underline{\text{ theory }}$ is a ________.

A) mathematical formula that models a pattern of behavior
B) set of quantitative data
C) well-tested unifying principle that explains a body of facts
D) tentative explanation or predication based upon experimental observations
E) set of experiments designed to test a theory

Question 16

The element whose symbol is Pb is

A) lead.
B) antimony.
C) lanthanum.
D) phosphorus.
E) none of these.

Question 17

Which of the following are likely to form a homogeneous mixture?
1) milk and ice cream blended together with chocolate syrup
2) an egg combined with milk and mixed with a whisk
3)1 gram table salt combined with 250 mL of water

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 18

What is the correct symbol for silver?

A) S
B) Si
C) Ag
D) Sr
E) Au

Question 19

Which one of the following statements is $\underline{\text{ correct? }}$

A) A pure substance may be separated by filtration or distillation into two or more components.
B) A heterogeneous mixture is also known as a solution.
C) A heterogeneous mixture is composed of two or more substances in the same phase.
D) The composition is uniform throughout a homogeneous mixture.
E) The combination of a liquid and a solid always results in a heterogeneous mixture.

Question 20

One of the following is $\underline{\text{ not }}$ a description of $\underline{\text{ gases. }}$ Which one is it?

A) easily compressed
B) particles in definite positions
C) relatively low densities
D) fills any container completely
E) expands infinitely on heating

Question 21

A pure substance composed of two or more different elements is a(n)________.

A) ion
B) heterogeneous mixture
C) chemical compound
D) solid
E) solution

Question 22

Which of the following is $\underline{\text{not }}$ a correct name-symbol combination?

A) vanadium,V
B) silicon,Si
C) aluminum,Al
D) copper,Cu
E) potassium,Ge

Question 23

Which of the following observations is/are examples of physical change?
1)The density of water decreases when it solidifies.
2)Aluminum melts when heated above 660 $^{\circ}$ C.
3)Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)decomposes to water and oxygen.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 24

Which of the following statements concerning water (H₂O) is/are CORRECT?
1) H₂O is a chemical compound.
2) Water is a homogeneous mixture.
3) Liquid water is a mixture of elemental hydrogen and oxygen.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 25

Which one of the following statements is not a comparison of physical properties?

A) Potassium reacts with water more quickly than calcium reacts with water.
B) The electrical conductivity of aluminum is greater than copper.
C) The density of copper is less than the density of lead.
D) The solubility of NaCl in hot water is greater than the solubility in cold water.
E) The boiling point of water is greater than the boiling point of ethanol.

Question 26

Which one of the following statements is not a comparison of physical properties?

A) Mercury and gallium are both liquids at 50 $^{\circ}$ C.
B) Oxygen is more soluble in water than helium.
C) Silver and gold are malleable metals.
D) Oxygen and nitrogen are both liquids at -200 $^{\circ}$ C.
E) Calcium dissolves more quickly than iron in acids.

Question 27

All of the following are examples of intensive properties of matter EXCEPT _______.

A) ductility
B) melting point
C) thermal conductivity
D) weight
E) malleability

Question 28

An electrically charged atom or group of atoms is a(n)________.

A) element
B) ion
C) molecule
D) heterogeneous mixture
E) solution

Question 29

Which of the following observations is/are examples of chemical change?
1)Iron (Fe)rusts,forming Fe₂O₃.
2)The density of water increases when it changes from a solid to a liquid.
3)Sodium chloride melts at 801 $^{\circ}$ C.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3

Question 30

An intensive property of a substance is

A) independent of the amount present.
B) dependent on its volume,but not its mass.
C) not affected by its temperature.
D) dependent only on its temperature.
E) dependent only on its mass and volume.

Question 31

Which of following would be classified as a $\underline{\text{ chemical }}$ change?

A) the condensation of nitrogen gas
B) the dissolution of sugar in water
C) the melting of gold
D) the tarnishing of the surface of copper in the presence of oxygen
E) the transformation of solid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide

Question 32

What is the name of the element with the symbol Cr?

A) cerium
B) carbon
C) chromium
D) cadmium
E) chlorine

Question 33

Which one of the following substances is classified as a chemical compound?

A) Mo
B) Cr
C) Cd
D) CO
E) No

Question 34

What kind of change is depicted below?

A) both chemical and physical change
B) chemical change
C) no change
D) physical change

Question 35

Which of the following are extensive properties: mass,volume,and/or density?

A) mass only
B) volume only
C) density only
D) mass and volume
E) volume and density

Question 36

A(n)________ is a pure substance that is composed of only one type of atom.

A) ion
B) solution
C) element
D) molecule
E) gas

Question 37

Which one of the following substances is classified as an element?

A) I₂
B) NO
C) KCl
D) C₆H₁₂O₆
E) CO

Question 38

Which term best describes methane,CH₄?

A) homogeneous mixture
B) ion
C) element
D) chemical compound
E) atom

Question 39

Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT?
1)The conduction of electricity through copper wire is a chemical change.
2)The rusting of iron is a chemical change.
3)The evaporation of ammonia at -33.3 $^{\circ}$ C is a chemical change.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 2 and 3
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 40

A battery-operated power tool,such as a cordless drill,converts

A) electrostatic energy to chemical potential energy.
B) mechanical energy to electrostatic energy.
C) thermal energy to mechanical energy.
D) thermal energy to gravitational energy.
E) chemical potential energy to mechanical energy.

Question 41

________ energy is the energy associated with the separation of two electrical charges.

Question 42

To ensure integrity in science,experimental results should be ________ and reported in sufficient detail that the experiment can be repeated by others.

Question 43

Many regulators,environmentalists,and citizens around the world believe that ________ development is required to meet today's economic and environmental needs while preserving the options for future generations to meet theirs.

Question 44

Which of the following lists contains only forms of kinetic energy?

A) electrostatic,gravitational,and mechanical energy
B) gravitational,mechanical,and electrical energy
C) thermal,acoustic,and mechanical energy
D) chemical,thermal,and acoustic energy
E) gravitational,chemical,and electrostatic energy

Question 45

Of the following types of energy,which is/are classified as potential energy?
1) mechanical
2) electrostatic
3) chemical

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 2 and 3
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 46

The ________ of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume.

Question 47

Substances like hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) that are composed of only one type of atom are classified as ________.

Question 48

The law of ________ states that the total energy of the universe is constant.

Question 49

Properties,such as color and density,which can be observed or measured without changing the composition of a substance are called ________ properties.

Question 50

A(n)________ is the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristic chemical properties of that element.

Question 51

Potential energy possessed by water at the top of a waterfall is known as ________ energy.

Question 52

A mass of 10 g of table salt dissolves in water to form a(n)________ mixture (i.e.,a mixture that is uniform throughout).

Question 53

Density is an example of a(n)________ property,which is one that does not depend on the amount of a substance.