Deck 27: Extension: A - Psychiatric and Related Disorders

Question 1

The main neurotransmitter system implicated in schizophrenia is:

A) acetylcholine.
B) dopamine.
C) norepinephrine.
D) serotonin.

Answer 1

dopamine.

Question 2

Which is NOT a characteristic of schizophrenia?

A) hallucinations
B) delusions
C) bizarre behaviors
D) mania

Answer 2

mania

Question 3

A positive correlation between the number of bipolar episodes and loss of _____ support the theory that bipolar disorder has a progressive neurodegenerative aspect.

A) gray matter
B) white matter
C) motor skills
D) dopamine neurons

Answer 3

gray matter

Question 4

The symptoms of schizophrenia suggest that underlying brain abnormalities are likely to be:

A) restricted to areas concerned with language.
B) heterogeneous.
C) in the temporal/parietal area.
D) the same in every patient

Question 5

In the seventeenth century, many people burned as witches in the English village of Bures actually suffered from:

A) Parkinson's disease.
B) Huntington's disease
C) Tourette's syndrome.
D) Alzheimer's disease.

Question 6

ACTH is released from the:

A) hypothalamus.
B) pituitary gland.
C) adrenal cortex.
D) adrenal medulla.

Question 7

The drugs that are most effective in the treatment of Tourette's syndrome suggest that there may be an abnormality in the _____ neurotransmitter system in these patients.

A) serotonin
B) GABA
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholine

Question 8

Prozac acts rather specifically on the _____ neurotransmitter system.

A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) norepinephrine
D) glutamate

Question 9

Huntington's disease is believed by many to involve the death of neurons in the _____, which secretes _____.

A) basal ganglia; GABA and acetylcholine
B) cortex; glutamate
C) basal ganglia; dopamine and GABA
D) substantia nigra; dopamine and acetylcholine

Question 10

PET studies indicate that, over the course of antidepressant treatment, activity in the amygdala:

A) always decreases.
B) decreases only when treatment is effective.
C) always increases.
D) increases only when treatment is effective.

Question 11

Which of the following disorders is NOT classified as a mood disorder?

A) depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) mania
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 12

Diminished activity in the _____ during the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test has been observed in schizophrenics.

A) prefrontal cortex
B) hippocampus
C) parahippocampal gyri
D) tegmental area

Question 13

Evidence regarding disorganization of the brain in schizophrenics lends support to the concept of schizophrenia as a(n) _____ disorder.

A) incurable
B) childhood
C) mental
D) developmental

Question 14

Parkinson's patients are sometimes referred to as having a "disease of the will." Which of the following symptoms is MOST closely related to this idea?

A) tremor at rest
B) involuntary movements
C) festination
D) muscular rigidity

Question 15

Abnormal movements as those with Huntington's disease are referred to as:

A) echolalia.
B) coprolalia.
C) choreas.
D) muscular rigidity.

Question 16

Over the past 60 years, surgeons have removed or damaged the brain in (often misguided) attempts to relieve symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Which of the following brain structures have NOT been targets for "psychosurgery"?

A) the frontal lobes
B) the amygdala
C) the cingulate gyrus
D) parietal lobe

Question 17

Exactly _____ percent of the offspring of an individual with Huntington's disease will develop the disease (if they live long enough).

A) 25
B) 50
C) 33
D) 100

Question 18

The hormone that appears to be oversecreted in depression is:

A) BDNF.
B) cortisol.
C) testosterone.
D) thyroxine.

Question 19

The Rey Complex - Figure Test is widely used by neuropsychologists. Of the following, which is MOST impaired in copying this figure?

A) patients with Tourette's syndrome
B) schizophrenics
C) Parkinson's patients
D) those with Alzheimer's disease

Question 20

A drug that causes the release of _____ would be likely to worsen the symptoms of Huntington's chorea.

A) glutamate
B) GABA
C) acetylcholine
D) dopamine

Question 21

On the basis of genetics and neural changes, Alzheimer's disease appears to be MOST closely related to:

A) schizophrenia.
B) Huntington's disease.
C) Down syndrome.
D) Tourette's syndrome.

Question 22

On a variety of grounds, it is suspected that the memory loss that marks the earlier stages of Alzheimer's disease is associated with degenerative changes in the:

A) entorhinal cortex.
B) frontal lobes.
C) pyramidal cells of the neocortex.
D) substantia nigra.

Question 23

The use of drugs such as benztropine (Cogentin) for Parkinson's disease is based on the premise that there is an overactivity of the neurotransmitter _____ in these patients.

A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) glutamate
D) GABA

Question 24

If you were giving a series of neuropsychological tests to a person suffering from Alzheimer's disease, on which of the following would you expect to see particularly severe effects?

A) object assembly
B) digit span
C) backward digits
D) digit symbol
Answer Key

Question 25

The drug L - dopa is used as a treatment for Parkinson's disease because it increases the levels of _____ in the brain.

A) norepinephrine
B) cortisol
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholine