Question 1

Which of the following events is NOT a secondary consequence of closed - head brain trauma?&#10;A) ischemic brain damage&#10;B) intracranial hemorrhage&#10;C) diffuse brain swelling&#10;D) vomiting

Accepted Answer

Vomiting is a primary consequence of closed-head brain trauma, not a secondary consequence. Secondary consequences are indirect consequences that occur after the initial traumatic event, such as ischemic brain damage, intracranial hemorrhage, and diffuse brain swelling.

Question 2

Rabies is an example of a(n):&#10;A) pantropic virus.&#10;B) neurotropic virus.&#10;C) infectious bacterium.&#10;D) mycotic infection.

Accepted Answer

Rabies is a neurotropic virus, meaning it primarily infects and affects the nervous system.

Question 3

Myasthenia gravis is due to an insufficiency of:&#10;A) acetylcholine receptors.&#10;B) cholinesterase.&#10;C) immune system cells.&#10;D) dopamine.

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks and destroys acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells, which leads to muscle weakness and fatigue. A deficiency in cholinesterase or dopamine would not be the cause of this disorder, and immune system cells are involved in the pathology of myasthenia gravis but are not the direct cause of the insufficiency.

Question 4

The polio virus seems to have a special affinity for:&#10;A) cholinergic receptors.&#10;B) sensory neurons.&#10;C) motor neurons.&#10;D) myelin.

Accepted Answer

The polio virus has a special affinity for motor neurons, which are responsible for controlling movement. The virus attacks and destroys these neurons, leading to paralysis and muscle weakness.

Question 5

The MOST frequent cause(s) of cerebral hemorrhage is(are):&#10;A) migraine attacks.&#10;B) hypertension.&#10;C) arteriosclerosis.&#10;D) leukemia.

Accepted Answer

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is the most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage. Arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) can also contribute to the development of cerebral hemorrhage, but hypertension is a more frequent cause. Migraine attacks and leukemia are not common causes of cerebral hemorrhage.

Question 6

Not all of the problems with closed - head trauma occur at the time of the accident. Which of the following is a delayed effect?&#10;A) contrecoup contusion&#10;B) stretching of nerve fibers&#10;C) hydrocephalus&#10;D) microscopic lesions

Accepted Answer

Hydrocephalus, or an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, can develop gradually after closed-head trauma and may not be immediately apparent. A contrecoup contusion (A) is a bruise on the opposite side of the brain from where the impact occurred and typically manifests immediately after the injury. Stretching of nerve fibers (B) and microscopic lesions (D) are also more likely to produce immediate effects.

Question 7

About _____ percent of the population is likely to experience at least one seizure during their lifetime.&#10;A) 1&#10;B) 2&#10;C) 10&#10;D) 5

Accepted Answer

The answer of About _____ percent of the population is...

Question 8

What is a general term for about 45 percent of brain tumors that result from glial cells and infiltrate the brain substance?&#10;A) meningioma&#10;B) metastatic tumor&#10;C) automatism&#10;D) glioma

Accepted Answer

Glioma is a general term for about 45 percent of brain tumors that result from glial cells (supportive cells in the brain) and infiltrate the brain substance. Meningioma is a tumor that arises from the meninges (the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord). Metastatic tumors are tumors that have spread from another part of the body to the brain. Automatism refers to automatic, involuntary behavior often seen in seizures.

Question 9

The corpus callosum is particularly vulnerable to damage following:&#10;A) migraine stroke.&#10;B) open-head trauma.&#10;C) closed-head trauma.&#10;D) embolism

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is often located close to the center of the brain and can be damaged in closed-head trauma due to the brain shifting or rotating within the skull. In open-head trauma, the damage would likely be more localized to the area of impact. Migraine strokes and embolisms may cause damage to the brain, but not specifically to the corpus callosum.

Question 10

Meningitis is a type of:&#10;A) bacterial infection.&#10;B) mycotic infection.&#10;C) parasitic infestation.&#10;D) pantropic viral infection.

Accepted Answer

Meningitis is typically caused by bacterial infection, although it can also be caused by viral or fungal infections.

Question 11

Your patient is a 5 - year - old child. His mother reports that the child frequently collapses suddenly and without warning. The first diagnostic tool you should probably use is:&#10;A) the Glasgow coma scale.&#10;B) an EEG.&#10;C) a complete body CT scan.&#10;D) a drug scan for narcotics in the child's bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your patient is a 5 - year...

Question 12

Multiple sclerosis has its MOST devastating effects on:&#10;A) cholinergic synapses.&#10;B) myelin.&#10;C) immature neurons.&#10;D) the substantia nigra.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Multiple sclerosis has its MOST devastating effects...

Question 13

A feeling or sensation that a seizure is about to take place is called a(n):&#10;A) symptomatic seizure.&#10;B) idiopathic seizure.&#10;C) aura.&#10;D) automatism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A feeling or sensation that a seizure...

Question 14

The MOST benign type of brain tumor is:&#10;A) meningioma.&#10;B) metastatic tumor.&#10;C) medulloblastoma.&#10;D) glioblastoma.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The MOST benign type of brain tumor...

Question 15

Incidence of traumatic brain injury is highest among:&#10;A) older females.&#10;B) younger females.&#10;C) older males.&#10;D) younger males.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Incidence of traumatic brain injury is highest...

Question 16

Contrecoup damage is the result of:&#10;A) closed-head injuries.&#10;B) open-head injuries.&#10;C) infections.&#10;D) aneurysms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contrecoup damage is the result of:&#10;A) closed-head...

Question 17

&#34;Cerebral vascular accident&#34; is another term for:&#10;A) stroke.&#10;B) ischemia.&#10;C) cerebral hemorrhage.&#10;D) aneurysm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#34;Cerebral vascular accident&#34; is another term for:&#10;A)...

Question 18

Headaches that begin with an aura lasting 20 to 40 minutes are usually classified as _____ headaches.&#10;A) muscle-contraction&#10;B) common migraine&#10;C) classic migraine&#10;D) cluster

Accepted Answer

The answer of Headaches that begin with an aura lasting...

Question 19

Thrombosis and embolism are both types of:&#10;A) angioma.&#10;B) ischemia.&#10;C) aneurysm.&#10;D) cerebral hemorrhage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Thrombosis and embolism are both types of:&#10;A)...

Deck 26: Extension: A - Neurological Disorders