Deck 16: Extension: B - The Frontal Lobes

Question 1

What are the effects of left or right unilateral frontal lesions on verbal fluency, design copying, and understanding the meaning of proverbs?

Answer 1

The left hemisphere governs verbal behaviors, and lesions would impair performance on verbal fluency more so than design copying, which is more of a right-hemisphere domain. However, understanding proverbs requires both hemispheres to be intact.

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
convergent thinking ___

A)Wisconsin Card-Sorting test
B)standard IQ test
C)Word-Fluency test
D)delayed nonmatching to sample

Answer 2

standard IQ test

Question 3

Discuss the relationship between the prefrontal cortex anatomy, performance on the gambling task, and addictive behaviors.

Answer 3

Orbitofrontal lesions produce impaired ability on gambling tasks with increased risk taking and difficulty making good decisions. The neuronal changes that occur in the orbitofrontal cortex in response to drug abuse are also associated with increased risk taking, impulsive behavior, and poor decision making.

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
loss of fluent speech ___

A)Broca's area
B)the orbital cortex
C)the primary motor cortex
D)frontal eye fields

Question 5

Describe the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test and the Stroop test. What aspect of cognition appears to be responsible for performance on these tasks?

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
response inhibition ___

A)Wisconsin Card-Sorting test
B)standard IQ test
C)Word-Fluency test
D)delayed nonmatching to sample

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
loss of fine movements ___

A)Broca's area
B)the orbital cortex
C)the primary motor cortex
D)frontal eye fields

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
altered sexual behavior ___

A)Broca's area
B)the orbital cortex
C)the primary motor cortex
D)frontal eye fields

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
behavioral spontaneity ___

A)Wisconsin Card-Sorting test
B)standard IQ test
C)Word-Fluency test
D)delayed nonmatching to sample

Question 10

Describe some data which suggest that the frontal cortex is important in short - term memory.

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions:
For each symptom, match the behavioral deficit.
poor voluntary control of gaze ___

A)Broca's area
B)the orbital cortex
C)the primary motor cortex
D)frontal eye fields

Question 12

Relate the effects of frontal - lobe lesions on the Wisconsin Card - Sorting Test (WCST) to the effects of such lesions on social behavior.

Question 13

How would you answer someone who asked, "Are the frontal lobes in primates the site of advanced mammalian behavior"?

Question 14

Define the following terms: prefrontal cortex, frontal eye fields, corollary discharge. How are the last two related?

Question 15

Just as you are about to complain to a friend about the unjustly bad grade you received on a recent exam, you recognize your professor approaching. You manage to smile and withhold your angry comments until he passes out of earshot. Describe the brain regions and their respective functions likely to have been particularly involved in helping you to avoid this potentially embarrassing social situation.

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions:
For each question, select the most appropriate test from the alternatives listed.
temporal memory ___

A)Wisconsin Card-Sorting test
B)standard IQ test
C)Word-Fluency test
D)delayed nonmatching to sample

Question 17

What is the "problem" for which the concept of corollary discharge is the "answer"?

Question 18

Differentiate between the roles of premotor and supplementary motor cortices in the sequencing of motor movements.

Question 19

What are the general effects of frontal lesions on divergent thinking? On convergent thinking?

Question 20

Describe the neural networks that support successful performance of Bechara and Damasio's gambling task.

Question 21

Compare and contrast the effects of temporal and frontal lobe lesions on tests of recency memory.

Question 22

Name four cognitive skills impaired by dorsolateral frontal cortex damage.

Question 23

What are two possible interpretations of Passingham's findings concerning area 46 lesions in monkeys?

Question 24

Distinguish between pseudopsychopathy and pseudodepression, functionally and anatomically.