Deck 1: Extension: B - The Development of Neuropsychology

Question 1

Use the following to answer questions:
Following Broca, several other investigators extended knowledge regarding the association of brain damage and language and movement disorders. For each individual, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list below.
Wernicke ___

A)apraxia
B)hierarchical organization
C)fluent aphasia
D)alexia

Answer 1

fluent aphasia

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions:
The nineteenth century saw an increase in scientific interest in the functions of the brain. Match the scientist(s) with the MOST appropriate phrase.
Flourens ___

A)conduction aphasia
B)recovery of function
C)electrical excitability of the cortex
D)left hemisphere localization for speech

Answer 2

recovery of function

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions:
Following Broca, several other investigators extended knowledge regarding the association of brain damage and language and movement disorders. For each individual, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list below.
Hughlings - Jackson ___

A)apraxia
B)hierarchical organization
C)fluent aphasia
D)alexia

Answer 3

hierarchical organization

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions:
Different theorists down the ages have placed mental processes in various parts of the body. Choose the appropriate body region for each theorist.
Aristotle ___

A)pineal gland
B)heart
C)brain

Question 5

Use the following to answer questions:
Following Broca, several other investigators extended knowledge regarding the association of brain damage and language and movement disorders. For each individual, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list below.
Liepmann ___

A)apraxia
B)hierarchical organization
C)fluent aphasia
D)alexia

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the individual(s) in each question with the MOST appropriate term from the list.
Sherrington ___

A)chemical neurotransmission
B)electrical stimulation of muscle contractions
C)ionic conduction of nerve impulse
D)synapse

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the individual(s) in each question with the MOST appropriate term from the list.
Hodgkin and Huxley ___

A)chemical neurotransmission
B)electrical stimulation of muscle contractions
C)ionic conduction of nerve impulse
D)synapse

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions:
The history of neuropsychology has been influenced by a variety of hypotheses regarding the functional organization of the human brain. For each hypothesis, choose the individual MOST closely associated with that idea from the list below.
neuron hypothesis ___

A)Goltz
B)Ramón y Cajal
C)Hughlings-Jackson
D)Golgi

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the individual(s) in each question with the MOST appropriate term from the list.
Loewi ___

A)chemical neurotransmission
B)electrical stimulation of muscle contractions
C)ionic conduction of nerve impulse
D)synapse

Question 10

Use the following to answer questions:
Different theorists down the ages have placed mental processes in various parts of the body. Choose the appropriate body region for each theorist.
Descartes ___

A)pineal gland
B)heart
C)brain

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions:
The history of neuropsychology has been influenced by a variety of hypotheses regarding the functional organization of the human brain. For each hypothesis, choose the individual MOST closely associated with that idea from the list below.
nerve net hypothesis ___

A)Goltz
B)Ramón y Cajal
C)Hughlings-Jackson
D)Golgi

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions:
The nineteenth century saw an increase in scientific interest in the functions of the brain. Match the scientist(s) with the MOST appropriate phrase.
Dax ___

A)conduction aphasia
B)recovery of function
C)electrical excitability of the cortex
D)left hemisphere localization for speech

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions:
Following Broca, several other investigators extended knowledge regarding the association of brain damage and language and movement disorders. For each individual, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list below.
Dejerine ___

A)apraxia
B)hierarchical organization
C)fluent aphasia
D)alexia

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions:
The history of neuropsychology has been influenced by a variety of hypotheses regarding the functional organization of the human brain. For each hypothesis, choose the individual MOST closely associated with that idea from the list below.
antilocalization ___

A)Goltz
B)Ramón y Cajal
C)Hughlings-Jackson
D)Golgi

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions:
For each discipline listed below, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list.
neurosurgery ___

A)positron emission tomography
B)failed in developing a functional atlas of the human brain
C)intelligence quotient
D)stereotaxic device

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions:
The nineteenth century saw an increase in scientific interest in the functions of the brain. Match the scientist(s) with the MOST appropriate phrase.
Wernicke ___

A)conduction aphasia
B)recovery of function
C)electrical excitability of the cortex
D)left hemisphere localization for speech

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the individual(s) in each question with the MOST appropriate term from the list.
Galvani ___

A)chemical neurotransmission
B)electrical stimulation of muscle contractions
C)ionic conduction of nerve impulse
D)synapse

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions:
Different theorists down the ages have placed mental processes in various parts of the body. Choose the appropriate body region for each theorist.
modern neuroscientists ___

A)pineal gland
B)heart
C)brain

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions:
The nineteenth century saw an increase in scientific interest in the functions of the brain. Match the scientist(s) with the MOST appropriate phrase.
Fritsch and Hitzig ___

A)conduction aphasia
B)recovery of function
C)electrical excitability of the cortex
D)left hemisphere localization for speech

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions:
The history of neuropsychology has been influenced by a variety of hypotheses regarding the functional organization of the human brain. For each hypothesis, choose the individual MOST closely associated with that idea from the list below.
hierarchical organization ___

A)Goltz
B)Ramón y Cajal
C)Hughlings-Jackson
D)Golgi

Question 21

Use the following to answer questions:
For each discipline listed below, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list.
psychometrics ___

A)positron emission tomography
B)failed in developing a functional atlas of the human brain
C)intelligence quotient
D)stereotaxic device

Question 22

Of what historical significance were the experiments of Fritsch and Hitzig?

Question 23

Use the following to answer questions:
For each discipline listed below, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list.
brain imaging ___

A)positron emission tomography
B)failed in developing a functional atlas of the human brain
C)intelligence quotient
D)stereotaxic device

Question 24

Discuss the ways statistics are useful in dealing with individual differences in neuropsychological experiments.

Question 25

Use the following to answer questions:
For each discipline listed below, choose the MOST appropriate alternative from the list.
phrenology ___

A)positron emission tomography
B)failed in developing a functional atlas of the human brain
C)intelligence quotient
D)stereotaxic device

Question 26

What is the definitive evidence that refutes the nerve net hypothesis of the nervous system?

Question 27

Distinguish between sulci and gyri in the cerebral cortex.

Question 28

Briefly discuss what John Hughlings - Jackson meant by his concept of "hierarchical organization."

Question 29

What was Broca's main contribution to the concept of lateralization of function in the human brain?

Question 30

How did Penfield contribute to our historical knowledge regarding brain and behavior?

Question 31

Sketch and label the main parts of a neuron.

Question 32

Describe how the concept of hierarchical organization, as stated by Hughlings - Jackson, was consistent with the apparently disparate research findings of localizationist and antilocalizationist theories of brain function.

Question 33

What contributions have been made by the study of split - brain subjects to our understanding of the organization of cognitive abilities?

Question 34

What was Wernicke's main contribution to the concept of a modular functional organization of the human brain?

Question 35

What are the implications of Darwin's theory that all animals had a common ancestor for the study of nervous system functions?

Question 36

Why is aphasia following a stroke usually associated with paralysis or difficulty with movement on the right side of the body?

Question 37

What does it mean for the cortex to be organized topographically?

Question 38

What is a "Hebb synapse"?

Question 39

Distinguish between the functions of the spinal cord, brain stem, and forebrain.

Question 40

What was Descartes's view of the mind-body problem?

Question 41

Describe the contributions of psychometrics to the field of neuropsychology.
Answer Key