Deck 4: Section 2: Learning: How Experience Changes Us

Question 1

A child learns that whenever he eats all of his dinner he gets a cookie for dessert.This type of learning is BEST explained by _______________.

A)classical conditioning
B)operant conditioning
C)biofeedback theory
D)social learning theory

Answer 1

operant conditioning

Question 2

After Little Albert acquired a conditioned fear of rats, Watson wanted to see how he would react to a white rabbit, cotton wool, and a Santa Claus mask.He was studying whether or not _____________________ had occurred.

A)behavior modification
B)stimulus discrimination
C)extinction
D)stimulus generalization

Answer 2

stimulus generalization

Question 3

The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred is called ______.

A)counterconditioning
B)instinctive drift
C)spontaneous recovery
D)stimulus discrimination

Answer 3

spontaneous recovery

Question 4

________ is an example of a primary reinforcer, whereas ________ is an example of a secondary reinforcer.

A)A cupcake; a certificate of achievement given to a student
B)A kiss; money
C)Water; food
D)A gold star; cupcake

Question 5

In the context of classical conditioning, which of following components "elicits" a response?

A)UR
B)US
C)CER
D)CSR

Question 6

Getting paid for each basket of apples you gather represents which schedule of reinforcement?

A)Fixed interval
B)Fixed ratio
C)Variable ratio
D)Variable interval

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about operant conditioning?

A)Neither partial nor continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist for long periods of time.
B)Continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through partial or intermittent reinforcement.
C)Partial reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through continuous reinforcement.
D)Continuous reinforcement and partial reinforcement lead to behaviors that persist for equally long periods of time.

Question 8

Harmony notices that her cat salivates as soon as her cat hears the sound of Harmony opening a can with an electric can opener.In this example, the _______________ is the
Conditioned stimulus.

A)can of cat food
B)sound of the electric can opener
C)dish that Harmony puts the food in
D)cat scurrying into the kitchen

Question 9

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, children who observed an adult ignore the Bobo doll ________.

A)showed as much aggression to the doll as those who never saw an adult in the playroom
B)showed more aggression to the doll than those who never saw an adult in the playroom
C)showed less aggression to the doll than those who never saw an adult in the playroom
D)were, surprisingly, the most aggressive group of children in the study

Question 10

In operant conditioning, _____________ is necessary to create the association between the stimulus and the repetition of a voluntary response.

A)reinforcement
B)the law of negative effect
C)conditional emotional linkages
D)a long time delay