Deck 8: Using Health Services

Question 1

The _______________ carry blood from the heart to oxygenate organs and other tissues.

A) arteries
B) veins
C) capillaries
D) All of these.

Answer 1

arteries

Question 2

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

A) control of cardiac functioning, blood pressure, and respiration
B) regulation of the endocrine system
C) regulation of hunger, thirst, and sexual arousal
D) All of these.

Answer 2

All of these.

Question 3

Secretion of catecholamines

A) increases protein and fat mobilization.
B) regulates sodium retention.
C) increases heart rate and blood pressure.
D) All of these.

Answer 3

increases heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 4

Damage to the cerebellum is associated with impaired

A) muscular coordination.
B) respiration.
C) speech.
D) visual acuity.

Question 5

The nervous system is chiefly responsible for _______________ responses to changes in the body; whereas the endocrine system governs mainly _______________ responses.

A) fast-acting, short-duration; slow-acting, long-duration
B) slow-acting, long-duration; fast-acting, short-duration
C) fast-acting, long-duration; slow-acting, short-duration
D) complementary; antagonistic

Question 6

June was involved in an automobile accident in which she suffered extensive damage to the cerebral cortex.Since the accident,she has experienced difficulty in coordinating voluntary movement.In particular,June has difficulty controlling activities on the right side of her body.June most likely suffered damage in the

A) left frontal lobe.
B) right frontal lobe.
C) left parietal lobe.
D) right parietal lobe.

Question 7

The gene for _______________ has been identified.This allows for at-risk individuals to be tested to ascertain whether they are carriers of this hereditary disorder characterized by chronic physical and mental deterioration due to damaged brain cells.

A) epilepsy
B) myasthenia gravis
C) dementia
D) Huntington's disease

Question 8

Conditions associated with diabetes include

A) blindness.
B) kidney failure.
C) coronary heart disease.
D) All of these.

Question 9

_______________ is a chronic,nonprogressive disorder of the nervous system that is marked by lack of muscle control.

A) Epilepsy
B) Parkinson's disease
C) Myasthenia gravis
D) Cerebral palsy

Question 10

The _______________ is responsible for the coordination of visual and auditory reflexes.

A) forebrain
B) hindbrain
C) midbrain
D) diencephalons

Question 11

The _______________ nervous system connects the central nervous system with all internal organs.

A) peripheral
B) automatic
C) autonomic
D) somatic

Question 12

The release of steroids via the adrenal cortex is stimulated by

A) epinephrine and norepinephrine.
B) glucocorticoids.
C) thyrotropic hormone (TSH).
D) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Question 13

_______________ is chest pain that occurs because the muscle tissue of the heart must continue its activity without a sufficient supply of oxygen or adequate removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products.

A) Angina pectoris
B) Myocardial infarction
C) Phlebitis
D) Arteriosclerosis

Question 14

During ______________,blood is pumped out of the heart,and blood pressure ______________.

A) diastole; increases; systole; decreases
B) diastole; decreases; systole; increases
C) systole; increases; diastole; decreases
D) systole; decreases; diastole; increases

Question 15

Type I diabetes

A) typically occurs after age 40.
B) is believed to be an autoimmune disorder.
C) is a condition that occurs when the body is not sufficiently responsive to insulin.
D) is primarily managed through dietary and exercise regimens.

Question 16

The nervous system as a whole consists of the ______________ and the ______________.

A) brain; spinal cord
B) central nervous system; peripheral nervous system
C) somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system
D) sensory nervous system; motor nervous system

Question 17

Catecholamines are

A) exogenes.
B) neurotransmitters.
C) telecystors.
D) arterioles

Question 18

The peripheral nervous system consists of the _______________ and the ______________.

A) brain; spinal cord
B) central nervous system; peripheral nervous system
C) somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system
D) forebrain; hindbrain

Question 19

Atherosclerosis is

A) caused by deposits of cholesterol on the arterial walls.
B) characterized by a hardening and reduced elasticity of the arterial walls.
C) a hereditary disease rather than a disease of lifestyle.
D) None of these.

Question 20

The _______________ nervous system mobilizes the body in response to stress; the _______________ nervous system controls the activities of the visceral organs under normal conditions.

A) parasympathetic; sympathetic
B) sympathetic; parasympathetic
C) somatic; autonomic
D) autonomic; peripheral

Question 21

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration occurs between the

A) bronchi and the capillaries.
B) alveoli and the capillaries.
C) alveoli and the arteries.
D) bronchioles and the alveoli.

Question 22

During the digestive process,the absorption of food takes place primarily in the

A) stomach.
B) duodenum.
C) small intestine.
D) large intestine.

Question 23

The course of infection follows a specific sequence; that is

A) incubation period, period of nonspecific symptoms, acute phase, period of decline.
B) period of nonspecific symptoms, incubation period, acute phase, period of decline.
C) acute phase, incubation period, period of nonspecific symptoms, period of decline.
D) incubation period, acute phase, period of decline.

Question 24

Prenatal diagnostic tests are currently available that help detect

A) epilepsy.
B) breast and colon cancer.
C) Huntington's disease.
D) None of these.

Question 25

_______________ involves a condition in which the alveoli become dilated,atrophied,and thin so that elasticity is lost and exhalation becomes difficult.

A) Bronchial pneumonia
B) Pleurisy
C) Tuberculosis
D) Pulmonary emphysema

Question 26

The case of Helen,who is healthy but has infected others with the AIDS virus,is an example of

A) direct transmission of disease.
B) indirect transmission of disease.
C) biological transmission of disease.
D) mechanical transmission of disease.

Question 27

Nonspecific immunity may be mediated by the

A) skin.
B) phagocytes.
C) inflammatory response.
D) All of these.

Question 28

The genetic composition of a normal male child is

A) 46 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XX).
B) 46 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XY).
C) 23 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XX).
D) 23 chromosomes, two of which are sex chromosomes (XY).

Question 29

The pancreas plays an important role in digestion,because it is responsible for secreting

A) bile.
B) insulin.
C) pepsin.
D) bolus.

Question 30

Lymphocytes play an important role in fighting infection and disease by

A) secreting digesting enzymes that dissolve foreign particles.
B) producing antibodies that destroy substances through the antigen-antibody reaction.
C) secreting platelets that engulf foreign particles so they may be excreted.
D) producing monoblasts that increase the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.

Question 31

3 to 4 million Americans suffer from _______________ without pain and thus could have a heart attack without warning

A) hypertension.
B) angina.
C) arrhythmia.
D) ischemia.

Question 32

Some individuals are unable to produce thromboplastin and fibrin.This condition is associated with a clotting disorder called

A) arteriosclerosis.
B) anemia.
C) leukopenia.
D) hemophilia.

Question 33

The _______________ regulate(s)bodily fluids by removing surplus water,surplus electrolytes,and the waste products generated by the metabolism of food.

A) urethra
B) bladder
C) ureters
D) renal system

Question 34

The female hormone,estrogen,

A) is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
B) is associated with lactation.
C) is produced during the second half of the menstrual cycle.
D) leads to the development of secondary sex characteristics in the female.

Question 35

A localized infection

A) is confined to a particular site and does not spread.
B) is confined to a particular area and sends toxins to other parts of the body.
C) occurs when the body's resistance is lowered from fighting a primary infection.
D) affects several different areas.

Question 36

Humoral immunity is mediated by

A) B lymphocytes.
B) helper and suppressor T cells.
C) B cells and helper and suppressor T cells.
D) All of these.

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a reproductive disorder?

A) infertility
B) Menopause
C) AIDS
D) None of these.

Question 38

Hypertension is caused by

A) high cardiac output.
B) highly viscous blood.
C) loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.
D) All of these.

Question 39

The male hormone,testosterone,

A) brings about the production of sperm.
B) brings about the secondary sex characteristics in the male.
C) is produced by the interstitial cells of the testes.
D) All of these.

Question 40

Which of the following research methods are designed to investigate the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to developing medical disorders?

A) studies of identical twins and fraternal twins
B) studies of identical twins reared apart
C) studies of adopted children
D) All of these.

Question 41

Hodgkin's disease involves

A) a tropical viral infection.
B) the progressive, chronic enlargement of tissues of the lymphatic system.
C) a viral disorder marked by a large number of monocytes.
D) None of these.

Question 42

The parasympathetic nervous system is activated in individual responses to stress.

Question 43

Describe and discuss the two most common disorders of the nervous system.

Question 44

Compared to women,men are at greater risk of contracting autoimmune disease.

Question 45

Autoimmunity

A) involves the progressive, chronic enlargement of lymphatic tissue.
B) is a viral disorder marked by an unusually large number of monocytes.
C) is acquired through measures such as vaccination.
D) is a condition in which a specific humoral or cell-mediated immune response attacks the body's own tissue.

Question 46

Hepatitis A is typically transmitted through food and water.

Question 47

The two primary clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis are angina pectoris and congestive heart disease.

Question 48

The structures of the limbic system play an important role in emotion.

Question 49

The spleen

A) secretes insulin and bile into the bloodstream.
B) produces neurotransmitters and corticosteroids.
C) aids in the production of B and T cells and filters the blood.
D) is primarily a vestigial organ.

Question 50

Describe the structure and function of the cardiovascular system.Include in your answer the internal and external factors influencing heart rate and the impact on heart functioning.

Question 51

Regulation of the autonomic nervous system occurs via the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 52

Cell-mediated immunity is mediated by

A) B cells.
B) T_C and T_H cells.
C) B cells and helper and suppressor T cells.
D) All of these.

Question 53

There appears to be a genetic contribution to coronary heart disease and some forms of cancer.

Question 54

Menopause can be cured definitively by hormone therapy.

Question 55

The endocrine system is responsible for fast-acting,short-duration responses to changes in the body.

Question 56

Antigens are proteins produced in response to stimulation by antibodies.

Question 57

Describe the nature and symptoms of hepatitis.Compare and contrast Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B,including discussion of the cause and mode of transmission.

Question 58

Compare and contrast nonspecific and specific immune mechanisms.Provide an example of each.

Question 59

Discuss the role of genetic counseling.Why is it controversial? How can it be used effectively by health psychologists?

Question 60

Autoimmunity may be implicated in

A) systemic lupus erythematosis.
B) arthritis.
C) multiple sclerosis.
D) All of these.