Deck 13: The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses

Question 1

The right lymphatic duct drains ______ into the right subclavian vein.

A)the entire upper half of the body
B)the entire lower half of the body
C)the right side of the head and neck and the right arm
D)the entire right side of the body

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Edema is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What type of immune cell reaches maturity in the thymus?

A)B lymphocytes
B)neutrophils
C)monocytes
D)T lymphocytes

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The lymphatic system takes up excess tissue fluid so that it can all be excreted by the kidneys.
The lymphatic system takes up excess tissue fluid to return it to the blood stream.

Question 5

What is the make-up of lymph?

A)water
B)nutrients,electrolytes,oxygen
C)hormones,enzymes,waste
D)All apply.

Question 6

Special lymphatic capillaries in the small intestines are called

A)lymph nodes.
B)lacteals.
C)villi.
D)lymph.

Question 7

Lymphocytes originate and/or mature in primary lymphatic organs.

Question 8

What is(are)the function(s)of the lymphatic system?

A)returns fluid to the bloodstream
B)absorbs fat molecules from the digestive tract
C)helps to defend the body against disease
D)All apply.

Question 9

The ability of the body to react to antigens and remain free of disease is

A)immunity.
B)homeostasis.
C)immaturity.
D)responsiveness.

Question 10

The thymus is

A)larger in adults.
B)larger in children.
C)the same size in adults and children.

Question 11

Dietary fats are absorbed by lacteals found in the haustra of the large intestine.
Dietary fats are absorbed by lacteals found in the villi of the small intestine.

Question 12

Smooth muscle contraction is very important to lymph movement in lymphatic vessels.
Skeletal muscle contraction is very important to lymph movement in lymphatic vessels.

Question 13

Lymphatic capillaries are open-ended vessels of simple squamous epithelium.
Lymphatic capillaries are closed-ended vessels of simple squamous epithelium.

Question 14

Red blood cells,found in lymphatic vessels and organs,help defend the body against disease.
White blood cells,found in lymphatic vessels and organs,help defend the body against disease.

Question 15

The spleen and thymus are primary lymphatic organs.
The red bone marrow and thymus are primary lymphatic organs.The spleen is a secondary lymphatic organ.

Question 16

Lymphatic system vessels begin with

A)lymphatic ducts.
B)lymphatic vessels.
C)lymphatic capillaries.
D)lymph nodes.

Question 17

What does red bone marrow do?

A)produces red blood cells
B)produces white blood cells
C)produces red and white blood cells
D)None apply.

Question 18

Which lymphatic structure enters the subclavian vein?

A)lymphatic duct
B)lymphatic vessel
C)lymphatic trunk
D)All apply.

Question 19

Lymph vessels are similar to cardiovascular

A)arteries.
B)veins.
C)capillaries.

Question 20

Which of the following is a primary lymphatic organ?

A)lymph node
B)spleen
C)thymus
D)tonsil

Question 21

Peyer's patches are lymphatic nodules found in the

A)intestine.
B)throat.
C)stomach.
D)liver.

Question 22

Which of the following has a connective tissue capsule that encloses the lymphatic tissue?

A)tonsils
B)appendix
C)Peyer's patches
D)lymph nodes

Question 23

The red pulp in the spleen contains

A)macrophages.
B)lymphocytes.
C)worn out red blood cells.
D)All apply.

Question 24

Acid secretion occurs in the

A)respiratory tract.
B)intestine.
C)stomach.
D)arteries.

Question 25

The thymus is the most critical organ to immunity.

Question 26

The spleen actively filters debris from lymph.
The spleen actively filters debris from blood.

Question 27

Most T cells will leave the thymus after showing that they can react to self cells.
Few (about 5%)of T cells will leave the thymus after showing that they can react to self cells.

Question 28

The tonsils are composed of

A)Peyer's patches.
B)lymphatic nodules.
C)stem cells.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a major grouping of lymph nodes?

A)cervical
B)inguinal
C)popliteal
D)axillary

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a physical barrier that helps prevent entry of microbes into the body?

A)intact skin
B)mucous membranes
C)stomach acid
D)ciliated cells

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a tonsil?

A)pharyngeal
B)lingual
C)oral
D)palatine

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a chemical barrier that helps prevent entry of microbes into the body tissues?

A)lysozyme
B)sebum
C)normal flora
D)cytokines.

Question 33

Which of the following are found in lymph nodes?

A)B lymphocytes
B)macrophages
C)T lymphocytes
D)All apply.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a nonspecific defense mechanism?

A)barriers to entry
B)antibodies
C)inflammation
D)phagocytosis

Question 35

Lymphoma is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 36

Which of the following is a NOT secondary lymphatic organ?

A)thymus gland
B)spleen
C)lymph nodes
D)tonsils

Question 37

Secondary lymphatic organs are where lymphocytes will

A)learn to recognize self cells.
B)grow and mature.
C)encounter and bind to antigens.
D)differentiate into different types of lymphocytes.

Question 38

Lymphangitis is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 39

The white pulp of the spleen contains

A)macrophages.
B)lymphocytes.
C)worn out red blood cells.
D)All apply.

Question 40

Lymphadenitis is

A)cancer of lymphoid tissue.
B)swelling of lymph nodes due to infection.
C)swelling due to excess tissue fluid.
D)infection of a lymphatic vessel.

Question 41

Interferon is a defense against

A)bacteria infected cells.
B)virus infected cells.
C)fungus infected cells.
D)All apply.

Question 42

Complement

A)is a series of blood plasma proteins.
B)attracts phagocytes.
C)causes bacteria cells to burst.
D)All apply.

Question 43

Which of the following is a form of nonspecific defense?

A)antibody-mediated immunity
B)cell-mediated immunity
C)natural killer cells
D)All apply.

Question 44

Portions of bacteria,viruses,molds,parasites,and cancer cells that cause specific responses from the immune system are called

A)antibodies.
B)macrophages.
C)antigens.
D)interferons.

Question 45

Explain the process of inflammation.Include the function of histamine in the process.

Question 46

T cells and B cells are

A)antigens.
B)lymphocytes.
C)macrophages.
D)neutrophils.

Question 47

What nonspecific cells kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells by cell to cell contact?

A)mast cells
B)Natural killer cells
C)T lymphocytes
D)B lymphocytes

Question 48

Interferon

A)increases the activity of macrophages.
B)makes the capillary more permeable.
C)prevents viral reproduction.
D)kills bacteria.

Question 49

B cells are responsible for

A)cell-mediated immunity.
B)inflammation.
C)antibody-mediated immunity.
D)nonspecific immunity.

Question 50

What occurs because of increased capillary permeability at the site of inflammation?

A)escaped fluids cause swelling
B)increased pressure from fluid causes pain
C)clotting factors move into tissues
D)All apply.

Question 51

Lysozyme is found in

A)tears.
B)saliva.
C)urine.
D)Both tears and saliva.

Question 52

Differentiate between nonspecific and specific defense,and give examples of each.

Question 53

Cilia are located in the

A)respiratory tract.
B)intestine.
C)stomach.
D)ureters

Question 54

Which of the following produce antibodies?

A)T lymphocytes
B)macrophages
C)B lymphocytes
D)All apply.

Question 55

Normal occurring bacteria live in the

A)lungs.
B)intestine.
C)mouth.
D)Both intestine and mouth.

Question 56

What specific process has been occurring if pus is present around an infected area?

A)swelling
B)bleeding
C)phagocytosis
D)coagulation

Question 57

Once a B cell has been activated by a specific antigen (an antigen binds to an antigen receptor on the B cell membrane),it will divide,making many copies of itself.This process is known as

A)apoptosis.
B)clonal selection.
C)induced immunity.
D)hypersensitivity.

Question 58

Which of the following are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?

A)redness,swelling,pain,heat
B)swelling,cold,pain,cyanosis
C)pain,phagocytosis,redness,pus
D)heat,pus,swelling,pain

Question 59

_______,released by damaged tissue and mast cells,causes capillaries to dilate and become more permeable.

A)Histamine
B)Serotonin
C)Lysozyme
D)Complement

Question 60

Pus consists of

A)dead tissue.
B)dead bacteria.
C)living white cells.
D)All apply.

Question 61

Which type of antibody is the main one in circulation?

A)IgA
B)IgM
C)IgG
D)IgE

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT true of human MHC proteins?

A)They are called HLA (human leukocyte antigens).
B)They are self-antigens.
C)They are linked to foreign antigens to activate a B cell.
D)They are found on all of one's body cells.

Question 63

Under the influence of cytokines from helper T cells,B cells enlarge and divide,forming

A)plasma cells.
B)memory cells.
C)helper cells.
D)plasma cells and memory cells.

Question 64

T cells are responsible for

A)antibody-mediated immunity.
B)cell-mediated immunity.
C)plasma cells.
D)memory cells.

Question 65

Which type of antibody is the first one made by a newborn and generally the first one to combat an infection?

A)IgG
B)IgM
C)IgE
D)IgD

Question 66

An antigen-presenting cell (APC)is a

A)red blood cell.
B)macrophage.
C)helper T cell.
D)B cell.

Question 67

Which type of antibody is found in breast milk,saliva,and other body secretions?

A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgE
D)IgG

Question 68

Apoptosis is

A)a form of cell division.
B)the production of antibodies.
C)a nonspecific defense.
D)programmed cell death.

Question 69

Antibodies bind to

A)foreign substances.
B)antigens.
C)bacteria.
D)All apply.

Question 70

Which of the following is NOT an action of antibodies with the antigen?

A)neutralize bacterial toxins by coating them
B)make a cluster of antigen-antibody complexes
C)make the antigen more susceptible to phagocytosis
D)All apply.

Question 71

Cytotoxic T cells may attack

A)antigen-bearing cells.
B)cancer cells.
C)virus infected cells.
D)All apply.

Question 72

What happens after a T cell has been activated for a specific antigen?

A)produces cytokines
B)undergoes clonal expansion
C)produces antibodies
D)Both produces cytokines and undergoes clonal expansion

Question 73

Which type of antibody is involved in causing immediate allergic reactions?

A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgG
D)IgE

Question 74

During clonal selection,most B cells become plasma cells,but others will become

A)antibodies.
B)antigens.
C)phagocytes.
D)memory B cells.

Question 75

T cells

A)are activated by an antigen-presenting cell.
B)may stimulate B cells.
C)release cytokinesis.
D)All apply.

Question 76

What type of cells allow for long-term protection against antigens?

A)plasma cells
B)memory B cells
C)antibodies
D)helper T cells

Question 77

Which of the following is NOT true of antibodies?

A)They have a constant region that binds to an antigen.
B)They are a Y-shaped protein molecule.
C)There are five classes of antibodies.
D)Antibodies can act by neutralization.

Question 78

Plasma cells produce

A)antibodies.
B)histamines.
C)T cells.
D)antigens.

Question 79

Which molecule from a cytotoxic T cell creates holes in plasma membranes of virus-infected or cancer cells?

A)cytokine
B)interleukin
C)perforin
D)interferon

Question 80

Antibody-mediated immunity is also known as

A)cell-mediated immunity.
B)neural-mediated immunity.
C)humoral immunity.
D)hormonal immunity.