Deck 13: A: Basic Sampling Issues

Question 1

If the researcher is expecting different responses between males and females in a study,which type of sample might be most useful?

A)judgment
B)snowball
C)stratified random
D)systematic random
E)none of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following sampling methods,if properly invoked,will produce projectable results?

A)quota
B)convenience
C)systematic
D)snowball
E)stratified quota

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following sampling methods is the most statistically efficient (the most representative)?

A)simple random
B)systematic random
C)stratified random
D)cluster
E)All are equally statistically efficient.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A researcher randomly selected 10 census tracts from a metropolitan area.Within each census tract,30 households were randomly selected.The sampling technique just described would be a ______________.

A)quota sample
B)area cluster
C)stratified random
D)systematic random
E)systematic quota

Question 5

Stratified random samples are often confused with which of the following nonprobability sampling techniques?

A)quota
B)convenience
C)judgment
D)snowball
E)none of the above

Question 6

The type of error which results from the fact that samples are not perfectly representative of the populations from which they are drawn is known as _______.

A)measurement error
B)systematic error
C)sampling error
D)nonsampling error
E)selection error

Question 7

All other things equal,larger samples will have less ___________ than smaller samples.

A)measurement error
B)sampling error
C)time and cost
D)nonsampling error
E)interviewer error

Question 8

Which of the following sample types is often used as a substitute for simple random sampling?

A)snowball
B)judgment
C)quota
D)systematic
E)none of the above

Question 9

In order to compute a skip interval,the researcher needs to know the desired sample size and the __________.

A)census
B)incidence rate
C)stratified sample
D)population size
E)none of the above

Question 10

What do convenience,judgment,quota,and snowball samples have in common?

A)They can all be classified as nonprobability samples.
B)They can all be classified as probability samples.
C)They all use random number tables to generate samples.
D)If properly invoked,they all provide projectable results.
E)They utilize every nth element in the sample frame.

Question 11

The first step in the development of a sampling plan is to:

A)determine sample size.
B)select a sampling method.
C)choose a data collection method.
D)define the population of interest.
E)decide which statistical techniques are appropriate.

Question 12

Which of the following could serve as the basis for forming a stratum?

A)usage rate
B)gender
C)income level
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 13

The _____________ is a list of the members or elements from which units to be sampled are selected.

A)population
B)sample frame
C)sample source
D)universe
E)none of the above

Question 14

Which of the following types of samples enables the researcher to compute sampling error?

A)nonprobability
B)convenience
C)probability
D)all of the above

Question 15

Under what kind of sampling procedure must the researcher adhere closely to precise selection procedures to ensure that the results are projectable to the population under study?

A)nonprobability
B)non-random
C)probability
D)quota
E)none of the above

Question 16

Which of the following sampling techniques would give the researcher the most confidence in projecting the findings to the overall population?

A)quota
B)projectable judgment
C)simple random
D)snowball
E)stratified snowball

Question 17

________________ samples must be selected in such a way that every element of the population has a known and equal chance of being selected.

A)Cluster
B)Simple random
C)Convenience
D)Systematic random
E)Stratified random

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding probability samples?

A)The researcher can be sure of obtaining information from a representative cross section of the population of interest
B)Sampling error can be computed.
C)The survey results can be projected to the total population.
D)All of the above statements are correct.
E)None of the above are correct.

Question 19

The difference between the sample result and population value is known as __________.

A)level of confidence
B)nonsampling error
C)acceptable error
D)none of the above

Question 20

_____________ is the total group of people from whom information is obtained.

A)Sample of interest
B)Census of interest
C)Population of interest
D)Subset of interest
E)The entire universe

Question 21

How is the Internet population different from the general population?

A)richer
B)more likely to be white
C)more likely to be male
D)more tech-savvy
E)all of the above

Question 22

Under the right circumstances and all other things equal,_________ produces the most efficient samples and provides the most precise or reliable estimates for a given sample size.

A)Proportional stratified allocation
B)Disproportional stratified allocation
C)Optimal allocation
D)B & C
E)None of the above

Question 23

Of the following,which is the most important consideration when choosing a sample?

A)size of the sample
B)size of the population
C)how well the sample represents the population
D)how well the population represents the sample

Question 24

In marketing research,it is always preferable to take a census rather than a sample of the population under study.

Question 25

In a ___________,data are obtained from or about every member of the population of interest,while in a ______________,information is obtained from or about a part of the population and used to make estimates about various characteristics of the total population.

A)Sample,census
B)Sample,study
C)Census,sample
D)Census,study

Question 26

One of the advantages of Internet surveys is that target respondents can complete the survey at their convenience.

Question 27

Marketing researchers might view a respondent whose family works in marketing as a security threat.

Question 28

Stratified sampling is a type of probability sampling.

Question 29

Which of the following is an advantage to internet sampling?

A)respondents complete survey at their convenience
B)data collection is relatively inexpensive
C)the interview can be administered under software control
D)survey can be completed quickly
E)all of the above

Question 30

Ideal census conditions are seldom available,even when the population is very small.

Question 31

Simple random samples require a detailed listing of the population of interest.

Question 32

Convenience samples should not be used in marketing research.

Question 33

Nonprobability samples cost less than probability samples.

Question 34

Simple random sampling is often used as a substitute for systematic sampling.

Question 35

Probability samples are more popular in marketing research than nonprobability samples.

Question 36

The size of the population is needed in order to compute a skip interval.

Question 37

A judgment sample enables the researcher to make statistical inferences about population values.

Question 38

If a researcher offers beer drinkers an extra incentive to recruit their friends who also drink beer to participate in the study,s/he is using a(n)________sample.

A)cluster
B)systematic
C)stratified
D)snowball
E)none of the above

Question 39

What is the most important reason for the growing popularity of nonprobability samples?

A)sampling error can be computed
B)representative of population
C)lower cost than probability samples
D)less nonresponse bias than other types of sampling

Question 40

A shortcoming of Internet surveys relative to other modes of data collection is the need to input the data into a database after it has been collected.

Question 41

Characterize the ideal sampling frame.How often is an "ideal" sampling frame available? If an "ideal" sampling frame isn't available,what kind of sample frame is needed?

Question 42

A researcher invokes a pilot sample and finds that respondents from households
with less than $50,000 annual income respond very differently than respondents from households with greater than $50,000 annual income,with regard to the key survey questions.In addition,the researcher's preliminary results show greater variance among respondents in the over $50,000 households.Given the preceding,which probability sampling method should the researcher invoke and why?

Question 43

A researcher is developing a body of knowledge for the development of a formal questionnaire.Part of the process involves conducting four focus groups.Outline an appropriate sampling strategy for generating the focus-group respondents.

Question 44

The key to making accurate predictions about the characteristics or behavior of a large population on the basis of a relatively small sample lies in the way in which individuals are selected for the sample.

Question 45

When & why does sampling error occur? If the sampling error emanates from some type of improper execution of the sampling plan what is it called? Can it be measured? What kind of sampling error can be measured and how can it be reduced?

Question 46

The final step in the sampling process is execution of the operational sampling plan.

Question 47

Developing an appropriate sampling frame is often one of the easiest things that a researcher faces.

Question 48

Multistage area (probability)sampling is used for national surveys or surveys that cover large regional areas.

Question 49

Suppose a marketing researcher was doing a survey of snow skiers residing in South Louisiana,for the specific purpose of estimating the feasibility of offering discounted snow ski rental equipment.The idea was gauge the need,interest and price expectations of these snow skiers as they head to Colorado or some other snow skiing destination.What type of sample would be needed?

Question 50

Proportional allocation is also referred to as optimal allocation.