Deck 13: Psychological Therapies

Question 1

The major goal of insight therapies is to give people _________.

A)feedback from their biologically controlled responses
B)help in understanding perceptual processes
C)basic training in observational learning and practice
D)clearer understanding of their feelings,motivations,and actions

Answer 1

clearer understanding of their feelings,motivations,and actions

Question 2

Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder.The type of therapy Lulu is undergoing is called ______________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Answer 2

biomedical therapy

Question 3

The therapist's feeling of respect and affection for the client that exists without any strings attached,no matter what the client may say or do,is called __________.

A)conditions of worth
B)empathy
C)catharsis
D)unconditional positive regard

Answer 3

unconditional positive regard

Question 4

Modern psychoanalysts differ from traditional Freudian psychoanalysts in that they focus on the _________ as a motivating force of behavior,and they favor ________ their patients.

A)id; face-to-face discussions with
B)ego; face-to-face discussions with
C)id; sitting behind and passively listening to
D)ego; sitting behind and passively listening to

Question 5

The first truly organized effort to house mentally ill persons began in England in the 16^th century and was called _________________.

A).The Bicetre Asylum
B).Bethlehem
C).The Pinel Asylum
D).London General Hospital

Question 6

Therapies aimed mainly at understanding one's motives and actions are referred to as _____________.

A)action therapies
B)insight therapies
C)biomedical therapies
D)relationship therapies

Question 7

In general,antipsychotic drugs work by ________.

A)inhibiting the reuptake process of serotonin
B)increasing the amount of acetylcholine in the brain
C)blocking dopamine receptors in the brain
D)inhibiting the function of the hypothalamus

Question 8

Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder.The type of therapy Lulu is undergoing is called ______________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 9

A therapist is interested in helping her client get a clearer understanding of his motives and actions.This therapist is most likely to be a/an ___________.

A)action therapist
B)insight therapist
C)biomedical therapist
D)relationship therapist

Question 10

Saleem has been seeing a therapist because she cannot adjust to her new husband's children from a previous marriage.Although she dearly loves her husband,she feels awkward and embarrassed in front of the children.The therapist suggests that she bring her husband and his children with her to the next session so she can see them interact.Saleem is probably seeing a ________.

A)behavior therapist
B)psychoanalyst
C)Gestalt therapist
D)family therapist

Question 11

Rational-emotive behavior therapy presumes that the ultimate cause for distressing feelings or symptoms is due to ________.

A)an unhappy childhood
B)dysfunctional behavioral patterns
C)faulty or illogical thoughts
D)one's negative feelings about life

Question 12

Researchers have found that about ________ percent of people feel that psychotherapy has helped them.

A)10 to 20
B)30 to 50
C)55 to 65
D)75 to 90

Question 13

The kind of therapy that involves talking things out with a professional is called____________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 14

The kind of therapy that uses biological treatments such as medication,surgical methods,and electrical shock treatments to bring about changes in the person's disordered behavior is called_______________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 15

The use of objects that can be traded for food,candy,treats,or special privileges with the purpose of reinforcing behavior is called________.

A)participant modeling technique
B)contingency contract
C)group extinction procedure
D)token economy

Question 16

Craig is currently in therapy to help him stop smoking.His therapist is using learning techniques to help him modify his smoking habit and develop more desirable behaviors.Craig's therapist is using_________.

A)behavior modification
B)empty chair technique
C)reflection
D)selective thinking

Question 17

A therapist is interested in helping his client change his disordered behavior.This therapist is most likely to be a/an ____________.

A)action therapist
B)insight therapist
C)biomedical therapist
D)relationship therapist

Question 18

Why does administration of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)often cause memory loss?

A)It disrupts the process of consolidation.
B)It increases the speed of information processing.
C)It destroys brain areas responsible for memory storage.
D)It causes a release of stress hormones that initiate a process of repression.

Question 19

Therapies directed at changing the disordered behavior are referred to as ___________.

A)action therapies
B)insight therapies
C)biomedical therapies
D)relationship therapies

Question 20

Lulu sees a therapist once a week.During her therapy sessions,she discusses issues and events that have impacted her life.Her therapist helps her to understand how these events and issues have affected her.The type of therapy Lulu is seeking is called ____________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 21

Free association is a technique used in _________ therapy.

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational-emotive
C)person-centered
D)Gestalt

Question 22

The psychoanalytic patient who lets her thoughts flow without interruption or fear of negative criticism from her therapist is using ______.

A)dream interpretation
B)positive transference
C)regression
D)free association

Question 23

In interpreting a dream,a psychoanalyst would attempt to discover the dream's__________.

A)latent content
B)manifest content
C)symbolic content
D)psychological content

Question 24

________ is a type of insight-oriented therapy.

A)Cognitive-behavioral treatment
B)Cognitive counseling
C)Transference
D)Psychoanalysis

Question 25

__________ formed a large part of Freud's psychoanalytic method.

A)Reflection
B)Empathy
C)Dream interpretation
D)Unconditional positive regard

Question 26

Edward starts to worry about telling his therapist about his drinking.He is afraid that the therapist will get mad at him like his mother did in the past.Edward has started relating to his therapist as he related to his mother.Edward is experiencing ________.

A)transference
B)countertransference
C)catharsis
D)resistance

Question 27

You are a contestant on Jeopardy! and it is your turn.You say,"I'll take History of Therapies for $100." The answer is,"He began the movement for humane treatment of the mentally ill." The smile on your face reveals the confidence you have as you say____________.

A)"Who was Sigmund Freud?"
B)"Who was Carl Rogers?"
C)"Who was Philippe Pinel?"
D)"Who was Abraham Maslow?"

Question 28

A client lies on a couch with the therapist sitting out of sight behind her.The therapist gets to know the client's problems through free association and transference.This is an example of ________ therapy.

A)psychoanalytic
B)behavior
C)person-centered
D)rational-emotive

Question 29

Omar is currently undergoing psychoanalysis.His therapist asks him to keep a journal by his bed and write down his dreams immediately upon awakening.Omar brings his journal to therapy and discusses his dreams with his therapist.Omar's therapist is attempting to do which of the following?

A)uncover repressed material
B)facilitate positive transference
C)create resistance within the client
D)facilitate unconditional positive regard

Question 30

According to Freud,the __________ of the dream refers to the hidden,symbolic meaning of the dream,which,if correctly interpreted,reveals the unconscious conflicts that created the nervous disorder.

A)manifest content
B)free association
C)latent content
D)resistance

Question 31

During free association,a patient may become unwilling to talk about certain topics.What term would a psychoanalyst use to describe this change in the patient's willingness to verbalize?

A)insight
B)reactance
C)resistance
D)transference

Question 32

Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by _________.

A)Alfred Adler
B)Carl Rogers
C)Fritz Perls
D)Sigmund Freud

Question 33

Joe has been undergoing psychoanalysis for several months.Over the past few weeks,he has become unwilling to talk about his relationship with his father and becomes uncomfortable when thoughts of him enter his mind during therapy.What process would the therapist say is occurring?

A)insight
B)reactance
C)resistance
D)transference

Question 34

Which of the following is a key component of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A)cognition
B)empathy
C)dream interpretation
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 35

According to Freud,the ___________ of the dream refers to the client's memory of the things,people,and events in the dream.

A)manifest content
B)free association
C)latent content
D)resistance

Question 36

Steve is 31 years old and has never gone on a date.His parents are concerned and take him to see a therapist.The therapist tells Steve to lie down on the couch and relax.The therapist sits behind Steve and asks him to say whatever comes into his head.Steve eventually talks about his fear of women,which leads him to think about his early experiences with women: his mother,her friends,his teachers,and so on.Steve's therapist is using _________.

A)counterconditioning
B)pole-shifting
C)free association
D)the empty chair technique

Question 37

Dr.Shedrika uses a form of therapy that emphasizes revealing his clients' unconscious conflicts,urges,and desires,which he believes are the cause of his clients' disordered emotions and behavior.This therapist is most likely using ________.

A)behavior therapy
B)psychoanalysis
C)Gestalt therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 38

After many sessions of psychoanalytic therapy,Dan at some point experiences reluctance to cooperate with his therapist and tends to forget to do what his therapist had suggested to him.Dan is experiencing ________.

A)resistance
B)a Freudian slip
C)a Freudian trip
D)interpretation

Question 39

According to Sigmund Freud,when you awaken in the morning and remember a dream,you recall the dream's___________.

A)latent content
B)deep meaning
C)surface meaning
D)manifest content

Question 40

In transference,the patient may transfer her feelings for __________.

A)her analyst onto herself
B)her parents onto her analyst
C)her parents onto herself
D)herself onto her parents

Question 41

Dr.Graham listens to Maria's statements and then restates what he feels is Maria's message and describes her emotions.What type of therapy is Dr.Graham practicing?

A)behavior
B)cognitive
C)psychoanalytic
D)person-centered

Question 42

Sylvia,who is undergoing person-centered therapy,has been told that she experiences a mismatch between her ________self and her _______self.

A)conscious; unconscious
B)possible; future
C)working; current
D)real; ideal

Question 43

________ is credited with developing person-centered therapy.

A)Sigmund Freud
B)Carl Rogers
C)Albert Ellis
D)Aaron Beck

Question 44

Carl Rogers's person-centered approach is considered ________ because the client actually does all the real work,with the therapist merely acting as a sounding board.

A)directive
B)nondirective
C)behavioral
D)cognitive

Question 45

What is the primary goal of the therapist in person-centered therapy?

A)to facilitate transference
B)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C)to provide unconditional positive regard
D)to help the client become more aware of his or her own feelings

Question 46

What did Carl Rogers view as a cause of most personal problems and unhappiness?

A)reinforcement of maladaptive behavior patterns
B)unrealistic modes of thought employed by many people
C)mismatch between an individual's ideal self and real self
D)unresolved unconscious conflicts occurring between the id and superego

Question 47

Which of the following individuals would be least likely to benefit from psychodynamic therapy?

A)Mary,who has a somatoform disorder
B)Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder
C)Pasha,who has panic attacks
D)Lou,who suffers from anxiety

Question 48

Modern psychoanalysts differ from traditional Freudian psychoanalysts in that they focus on the _________ as a motivating force of behavior,and they favor ________ their patients.

A)id; face-to-face discussions with
B)ego; face-to-face discussions with
C)id; sitting behind and passively listening to
D)ego; sitting behind and passively listening to

Question 49

The person-centered therapist has to be able to acknowledge and understand what the client is feeling and experiencing.This process is referred to as ____________.

A)conditions of worth
B)empathy
C)catharsis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 50

Mario has always had trouble dealing with his parents as authority figures.During psychoanalysis,he reacts to the analyst in a negative manner whenever the therapist says something that reminds him of his parents' control over him.What process would Freud say is occurring?

A)manifesting
B)resistance
C)transference
D)countertransference

Question 51

Which of the following is a key component of Rogers's person-centered therapy?

A)cognition
B)resistance
C)dream interpretation
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 52

Which of the following individuals would be considered a good candidate for psychodynamic therapy?

A)Mary,who is extremely withdrawn
B)Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder
C)Pasha,who is unable to verbally express her thoughts and feelings
D)Lou,who suffers from anxiety

Question 53

Levi's therapist is using interpersonal therapy.What would be the goal of Levi's therapy sessions?

A)to help Levi understand how his moods and behaviors are impacted by his relationships.
B)to uncover Levi's unconscious anxiety and motives
C)to assist Levi in the process of self-actualization
D)to address the bad thoughts that Levi is experiencing and replace them with good thoughts

Question 54

The therapist's feeling of respect and affection for the client that exists without any strings attached,no matter what the client may say or do,is called __________.

A)conditions of worth
B)empathy
C)catharsis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 55

Imagine if Sigmund Freud were to go to Carl Rogers for therapy.Freud's major complaint is depression due to distress over the lack of positive response to his theories.What is Rogers most likely to say during their session?

A)"You seem troubled by the reaction to your work."
B)"Let's focus on your relationship with your father."
C)"Why do you think that everyone must appreciate your work?"
D)"Say the first thing that comes to your mind; don't censor anything because I want to know what is truly on your mind."

Question 56

What type of psychotherapy has its origins in the psychodynamic school of thought,but is not considered a true psychodynamic therapy because it combines humanistic and cognitive-behavioral interventions?

A)Wolpian therapy
B)Gestalt therapy
C)Interpersonal therapy
D)Rational-Emotive therapy

Question 57

Person-centered therapy is a type of ________ therapy.

A)insight
B)behavior
C)cognitive
D)reality

Question 58

Judy's therapist listens to her without interruption and judgment.She provides Judy with warmth and respect,without any conditions attached.Her therapist is demonstrating______________.

A)reflection
B)genuineness
C)unconditional positive regard
D)nondirective countertransference

Question 59

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people see their actual traits and abilities.

A)ideal self
B)real self
C)ego
D)id

Question 60

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people think they should be.

A)ideal self
B)real self
C)ego
D)id

Question 61

Which of the following is a therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning?

A)systematic desensitization
B)contingency contract
C)token economy
D)reinforcement

Question 62

Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object?

A)extinction
B)punishment
C)token economy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 63

Craig is currently in therapy to help him stop smoking.His therapist is using learning techniques to help him modify his smoking habit and develop more desirable behaviors.Craig's therapist is using_________.

A)behavior modification
B)empty chair technique
C)reflection
D)selective thinking

Question 64

In behavior therapy,distressing symptoms are seen as ________.

A)the result of learning
B)the result of your unconscious impulses
C)a chemical imbalance
D)an indicator of neurophysiological abnormalities

Question 65

Expressing empathy,developing discrepancy between a client's present behaviors and values,rolling with resistance,and supporting a client's self-efficacy are the four principles of __________.

A)motivational interviewing
B)rational-emotive therapy
C)person-centered therapy
D)contingency contracting

Question 66

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of abnormal or undesirable behaviors?

A)learning
B)unconscious conflicts
C)distortions in thinking
D)discrepancy between the real self and ideal self

Question 67

What is a major goal of the Gestalt therapist?

A)to facilitate transference
B)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C)to provide unconditional positive regard
D)to help clients become more aware of their own feelings

Question 68

Which type of therapy is based on well-researched learning principles?

A)behavior
B)cognitive-behavior
C)psychoanalysis
D)client-centered

Question 69

Gestalt therapy is an outgrowth of the work of ______.

A)Lazarus
B)Wolpe
C)Rogers
D)Perls

Question 70

The basic goal of systematic desensitization is to ________.

A)relax body muscles
B)address the causes of ones fears
C)relax individuals in the presence of a feared object or situation
D)understand what an individual is thinking when faced with a feared object or situation

Question 71

Which of the following is a limitation of humanistic therapy?

A)Clients do not need to be verbal.
B)There is not enough empirical research to support its basic ideas.
C)It cannot be used in a variety of contexts.
D)The therapist runs the risk of having his or her words misinterpreted by the client.

Question 72

____________ therapies have been used not only to treat mental disorders but also to help people make career choices,deal with workplace problems,and as a form of marriage counseling.

A)Humanistic
B)Psychoanalytic
C)Biomedical
D)Biological

Question 73

In Gestalt therapy,the therapist is ________ and ________.

A)passive; nondirective
B)passive; directive
C)active; nondirective
D)active; directive

Question 74

Your friend tells you that his therapist is a Gestalt therapist.You ask him to describe what might happen in one of his therapy sessions.Which of the following is his most likely answer?

A)"I am asked by the therapist to relax and meditate."
B)"During the session I sometimes talk to an empty chair."
C)"The therapist asks me to describe the details of the dreams I have had recently."
D)"The therapist evaluates the factual basis of my statements to identify logical inconsistencies."

Question 75

The use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behaviors is called_________.

A)behavior modification
B)empty chair technique
C)reflection
D)selective thinking

Question 76

Therapeutic approaches that are based on the belief that all normal and abnormal behavior is learned are ________ therapies.

A)traditional psychodynamic
B)behavior
C)short-term psychodynamic
D)cognitive

Question 77

Which of the following is an advantage of person-centered therapy?

A)Clients do not need to be verbal.
B)There is too much empirical research about it.
C)It is one of the best approaches for treating serious disorders.
D)The therapist does not run the risk of having his or her words misinterpreted by the client.

Question 78

Which of the following individuals would be considered a good candidate for humanistic therapy?

A)Mary,who is extremely withdrawn
B)Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder
C)Pasha,who is unable to verbally express her thoughts and feelings
D)Lou,who is seeking a career change

Question 79

The person-centered therapist must show a genuine,open,and honest response to the client.This is called___________.

A)empathy
B)resistance
C)authenticity
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 80

Gestalt therapy is considered ________ because the therapist both leads the client through a number of planned exercises and also confronts the client's statements.

A)directive
B)nondirective
C)behavioral
D)cognitive